{"slug":"all-color-grading-methods","title":"所有后期调色方式，都在这篇文章里啦！","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2017-12-24","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247486272&idx=1&sn=87882aeb7bcda1f6cbbd9a08e2c5bc71&chksm=eb81f524dcf67c32939bf15ba16f3c2d58aa3f67bb0cce7e229a3411f6b2869861dcf17ddec6&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"在这篇文章中，极影AdventureX摄影师—Miller姚明来将对所有色彩调整的方法做一个汇总。","b":false,"xe":"In this article, AdventureX photographer Miller姚明来 rounds up every color-adjustment method."},{"t":"p","x":"告诉大家常用的色彩调整技巧和利弊。","b":false,"xe":"Read on for the common color-adjustment techniques, with their pros and cons."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":720,"h":481},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"可选颜色","xe":"Selective Color"},{"t":"p","x":"这个命令可以在图层面板下方的调整图层的菜单中找到：","b":false,"xe":"This command lives in the adjustment-layer menu at the bottom of the Layers panel:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":258,"h":573},{"t":"p","x":"在颜色选项中提供了9种可供调节的色彩，最后的黑白灰三色则可以针对画面中的高光，暗部，中间调进行色彩的调整。","b":false,"xe":"The Colors option offers 9 adjustable colors, and the final three — white, black, gray — target the highlights, shadows, and midtones respectively."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":339,"h":483},{"t":"p","x":"选中你想要改变的色彩，在下方的滑条中通过对滑块的左右移动来改变色相。","b":false,"xe":"Pick the color you want to change, then move the sliders below left or right to shift its hue."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":338,"h":474},{"t":"p","x":"在调整前首先要明白的是各种色彩相互间的关系。","b":false,"xe":"Before adjusting, you first need to understand how colors relate to one another."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":600,"h":601},{"t":"p","x":"如果我想让画面中的红色更加红一些，更接近日落时分的色彩，那么将青色的滑块向左移动：","b":false,"xe":"If I want the reds in the frame to be redder — closer to a sunset hue — I move the Cyan slider left:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":720,"h":488},{"t":"p","x":"因为红和青是对立色，所以减少青色相当于增加红色，这样红色就会更红。","b":false,"xe":"Because red and cyan are opposites, reducing cyan effectively adds red, making reds redder."},{"t":"p","x":"下面这个公式则是不同色彩间互相混合的公式：","b":false,"xe":"The formula below describes how colors mix:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":582,"h":568},{"t":"p","x":"红=黄+洋红，绿=青+黄，蓝=青+洋红","b":false,"xe":"Red = Yellow + Magenta; Green = Cyan + Yellow; Blue = Cyan + Magenta"},{"t":"p","x":"根据公式可知：红=黄+洋红。所以，如果想让画面中的红色更加红一些，另一种方法可以是同时将黄色以及洋红滑块向右移动到相同的数值。","b":false,"xe":"From the formula, red = yellow + magenta. So another way to make reds redder is to move both the Yellow and Magenta sliders right by the same amount."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":408,"h":477},{"t":"p","x":"如果黄色增加的数量大于洋红，相当于在增加红色的同时加入了更多的黄色。最终，红色的色相会偏橙色一些。","b":false,"xe":"If yellow increases more than magenta, the extra yellow shifts the red toward orange."},{"t":"p","x":"在可选颜色的颜色选项中的其余的色彩调节也都遵循以上两图的公式，可以举一反三。","b":false,"xe":"All other colors in Selective Color follow the formulas in the two images above — extrapolate freely."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":408,"h":315},{"t":"p","x":"而最后的黑色滑块，用于调节画面中某一色彩的明暗度。向右移动可以让所选的色彩更加深沉和浓郁，而向左移动，则变的清新亮丽。","b":false,"xe":"The final Black slider adjusts the lightness of the chosen color: right for deeper and richer, left for fresher and brighter."},{"t":"p","x":"总结：可选颜色可以针对画面中的某一色彩进行单独的调整，而不会影响其它色彩。经常用于对某几种色彩的精细刻画。","b":true,"xe":"Summary: Selective Color adjusts one color in the frame without affecting others — ideal for finely crafting a few specific colors."},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"色彩平衡","xe":"Color Balance"},{"t":"p","x":"同样，色彩平衡调整图层可以在图层面板下方的调整图层菜单中找到。","b":false,"xe":"Likewise, the Color Balance adjustment layer is found in the adjustment-layer menu at the bottom of the Layers panel."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":375,"h":893},{"t":"p","x":"色彩平衡界面有三个滑块条，分别是红青，黄蓝和洋红绿。","b":false,"xe":"The Color Balance panel has three slider pairs: red–cyan, yellow–blue, and magenta–green."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":437,"h":418},{"t":"p","x":"比如我想给暗部添一些冷调，那么选择“阴影”，将黄蓝滑块往右移动，这样画面的暗部就变冷了。","b":false,"xe":"For example, to add a cool tone to the shadows, select \"Shadows\" and move the Yellow–Blue slider right — the dark areas turn cooler."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":357,"h":376},{"t":"p","x":"总结：色彩平衡可以迅速的大范围的调整画面中暗部，中间调和高光处的色彩，通常用于精细处理前给画面定一个基本的色彩影调。而对于某种色彩的精细调整就需要用到其他的命令了。","b":true,"xe":"Summary: Color Balance quickly adjusts color across shadows, midtones, and highlights at large scale — usually to set a base color tone before fine work. For precise adjustment of a specific color, use other commands."},{"t":"h","x":"3","xe":"3"},{"t":"h","x":"色相饱和度","xe":"Hue/Saturation"},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":321,"h":546},{"t":"p","x":"通常的用法是点击界面中的“手势符号”，这时将光标移到图片处光标变成吸管工具，在图片中点击取样","b":false,"xe":"The usual approach: click the \"hand symbol\" in the panel — the cursor becomes an eyedropper over the image — and click to sample."},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":408,"h":441},{"t":"p","x":"这里我想改变画面中蓝色的色相，点击手势图形，移动到画面处选取蓝色","b":false,"xe":"Here I want to change the hue of the blues: click the hand icon, move to the image, and sample the blue."},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":720,"h":510},{"t":"p","x":"然后通过移动下方的色相滑条对该色彩的色相进行改变","b":false,"xe":"Then move the Hue slider below to change that color's hue."},{"t":"img","f":"img-17","w":720,"h":410},{"t":"p","x":"色相的滑条其实就是一个色相环展开后的样子，你可以将选取的某一颜色改变成色相环中的任意色彩。而饱和度，明度滑条可以对色彩的饱和度，明暗进行调整。","b":false,"xe":"The Hue slider is really an unfolded color wheel — you can turn the selected color into any color on the wheel. The Saturation and Lightness sliders adjust its saturation and brightness."},{"t":"p","x":"总结：色相饱和度功能可以将选中的色彩迅速变成你想要的色相，一般用于画面中某种色彩不和谐时变换成另一种更加合适的颜色。详细教程可见文章《色彩调整利器 - 色相/饱和度工具》","b":true,"xe":"Summary: Hue/Saturation quickly turns a selected color into whatever hue you want — typically used when a color clashes and needs replacing with a more suitable one. For details, see the article \"A Powerful Color Adjustment Tool: Hue/Saturation.\""},{"t":"h","x":"4","xe":"4"},{"t":"h","x":"Camera Raw滤镜","xe":"Camera Raw Filter"},{"t":"p","x":"Camera Raw在photoshop升级到cc版本后成为了独立的滤镜。从此，jpg格式的图片也能应用到raw格式的快速的调整和处理。","b":false,"xe":"After Photoshop moved to CC, Camera Raw became a standalone filter — so JPEGs can finally enjoy raw-style rapid adjustments."},{"t":"img","f":"img-18","w":720,"h":476},{"t":"p","x":"最上方白平衡一栏，通过对色温和色调的组合能够快速改变画面的冷暖色调。","b":false,"xe":"The White Balance row on top quickly shifts the frame warm or cool by combining Temperature and Tint."},{"t":"img","f":"img-19","w":720,"h":379},{"t":"p","x":"总结：经过反复实践，cameraraw滤镜中的白平衡调整出来的色彩比色彩平衡的效果更加真实，是我经常会用到的对画面进行大面积色调处理的功能。详细教程《轻松美化照片 - 理解Lightroom基本面板的色调与影调控制》","b":true,"xe":"Summary: After repeated practice, I've found Camera Raw's white balance produces more realistic color than Color Balance — it's my go-to for large-area tonal treatment. Detailed tutorial: \"Easy Photo Beautification — Understanding Lightroom's Basic Panel Tonal and Color Controls.\""},{"t":"h","x":"5","xe":"5"},{"t":"h","x":"照片滤镜","xe":"Photo Filter"},{"t":"p","x":"照片滤镜同样在调整图层的菜单中，通过对不同色彩滤镜的选用来改变画面的色调：","b":false,"xe":"Photo Filter is also in the adjustment-layer menu; it changes the frame's tone by applying different colored filters:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-20","w":253,"h":687},{"t":"p","x":"还可以单击颜色处调出拾色器进行颜色的自定义：","b":false,"xe":"You can also click the color swatch to open the picker and customize a color:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-21","w":720,"h":550},{"t":"p","x":"总结：这个照片滤镜功能很少使用，完全可以用cameraraw的白平衡进行调整，而且操作更加简单直观。","b":true,"xe":"Summary: I rarely use Photo Filter — Camera Raw's white balance does the same job, more simply and intuitively."},{"t":"h","x":"6","xe":"6"},{"t":"h","x":"画笔上色","xe":"Brush Painting"},{"t":"p","x":"用彩色的画笔在想要上色的地方涂抹，这个技术相较于调整图层能够更精细的控制画面局部的色彩，出来的效果也更加细腻和逼真。","b":false,"xe":"Painting with a colored brush where you want color gives finer local control than adjustment layers, with more delicate, realistic results."},{"t":"p","x":"1. 首先，建立一个填充50%中性灰的柔光图层。按住alt键的同时点击图层面板处的创建空白图层","b":false,"xe":"1. First, create a Soft Light layer filled with 50% neutral gray: hold Alt and click the New Layer button in the Layers panel."},{"t":"img","f":"img-22","w":405,"h":573},{"t":"p","x":"在弹出来的面板中先选择模式为“柔光”，再勾选“填充柔光中性色（50%灰）”","b":false,"xe":"In the dialog, set Mode to \"Soft Light,\" then check \"Fill with Soft-Light-neutral color (50% gray).\""},{"t":"img","f":"img-23","w":720,"h":558},{"t":"p","x":"2.接着点击确定，就在图层面板生成了一个填充灰色的柔光图层，这个图层就相当于一个穿透性的调整图层，你在上面的任何操作都不会破坏原图的像素。而这个图层就是你作画的画板了","b":false,"xe":"2. Click OK, and a gray-filled Soft Light layer appears in the Layers panel. It's like a transparent adjustment layer — nothing you do on it harms the original pixels. This layer is your canvas."},{"t":"img","f":"img-24","w":424,"h":532},{"t":"p","x":"3.然后，选用画笔工具，双击前景色，这时候跳出来拾色器面板，选择你想要附着的颜色。这张图我想要增强日落时云层的颜色，那么就选择橙红色","b":false,"xe":"3. Take the Brush tool and double-click the foreground color to open the picker; choose the color you want to apply. Here I want to enhance the sunset clouds, so I pick an orange-red."},{"t":"img","f":"img-25","w":720,"h":517},{"t":"p","x":"4.接着用低透明度的画笔在想要上色的地方涂抹。经过一番着色，这是最后的效果：","b":false,"xe":"4. Paint with a low-opacity brush over the areas you want to color. After some painting, here is the final result:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-26","w":720,"h":724},{"t":"p","x":"截取着色前后云的局部进行对比，可以发现色彩比较自然，并没有太多的违和感","b":false,"xe":"Comparing a crop of the clouds before and after painting, the color looks natural with no sense of dissonance."},{"t":"img","f":"img-27","w":720,"h":410},{"t":"img","f":"img-28","w":720,"h":407},{"t":"p","x":"上述的方法在颜色附着的同时还会影响上色区域的明暗，如果我们不希望影响明暗，通常会用到下面的方法。它只改变色相，不会影响亮度。","b":false,"xe":"That method affects the brightness of the painted area along with the color. If we don't want to change brightness, we use the following method — it shifts hue only, never luminance."},{"t":"img","f":"img-29","w":720,"h":477},{"t":"p","x":"这是三年前我在新疆拍摄的峡谷地貌，这里也同时是一个矿区，峡谷岩壁上五颜六色的就是一些矿物质显现的色彩。","b":false,"xe":"This is a canyon I shot in Xinjiang three years ago; it's also a mining area, and the colorful stains on the canyon walls are mineral deposits."},{"t":"p","x":"假如，我想把图片中红色岩石的色彩也变成青色，但我又不想影响这部分区域的亮度，方法很简单，还是新建一个空白图层，稍有区别的就是将图层的混合模式改为“颜色”。","b":false,"xe":"Suppose I want to turn the red rocks cyan without affecting their brightness. Simple: create a new blank layer as before, but set its blend mode to \"Color.\""},{"t":"img","f":"img-30","w":720,"h":459},{"t":"p","x":"接着用吸管吸取上面岩壁青色的色彩，用画笔对想要着色的区域进行涂抹","b":false,"xe":"Then sample the cyan from the rock wall above with the eyedropper, and paint over the areas you want to recolor."},{"t":"img","f":"img-31","w":720,"h":477},{"t":"p","x":"上图画圈的区域就是经过画笔上色以后的地方，由原来的橘红色变成了青蓝色，完全改变了色相但却没有影响明度。","b":false,"xe":"The circled area above is the painted region — from orange-red to cyan-blue. The hue changed completely while brightness stayed untouched."},{"t":"h","x":"总结：上色的方法有很多，而用画笔上色，一定是更精细的一种。","xe":"Summary: There are many ways to apply color, and brush painting is definitely the most precise."},{"t":"h","x":"7","xe":"7"},{"t":"h","x":"曲线调整图层","xe":"Curves Adjustment Layer"},{"t":"p","x":"点击加载曲线调整图层，默认的是RGB，这时拉动曲线，此时调整针对的是画面的明暗。","b":false,"xe":"Add a Curves adjustment layer; it defaults to RGB, and dragging the curve then adjusts the frame's brightness."},{"t":"img","f":"img-32","w":406,"h":653},{"t":"p","x":"下拉菜单，有红，绿，蓝三原色的选项，选中你想要调整的颜色，通过对曲线的曲度控制来给画面中的暗部，中间调和高光着色","b":false,"xe":"The dropdown offers the three primaries — red, green, blue. Pick the color you want to adjust, and shape the curve to color the shadows, midtones, and highlights."},{"t":"img","f":"img-33","w":444,"h":454},{"t":"p","x":"曲线调整图层的曲线之下是图片的直方图，X轴从左至右分别是图片的暗部，中间调和高光。","b":false,"xe":"Beneath the curve sits the image's histogram: the X axis runs from shadows on the left through midtones to highlights on the right."},{"t":"img","f":"img-34","w":443,"h":399},{"t":"p","x":"选中某种色彩，将曲线向上拉是给画面对应的明度区域加上某种颜色，而向下拉是给对应的明度区域加上该颜色的对立色。","b":false,"xe":"With a color channel selected, pulling the curve up adds that color to the corresponding tonal zone; pulling it down adds the color's opposite."},{"t":"p","x":"比如，我选中红色，将曲线拉成如图的曲形：","b":false,"xe":"For example, I select the Red channel and shape the curve as shown:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-35","w":442,"h":455},{"t":"p","x":"高光区域，曲线向上，所以高光加红。暗部区域，曲线向下，所以暗部加入的是红色的对立色：青色。中间调部分，从中间到高光处的区域曲线向上，所以变红。而从中间到暗部的那一部分较暗的中间调，曲线向下，所以变青。","b":false,"xe":"In the highlight region the curve goes up, so highlights get red. In the shadows the curve goes down, so shadows get red's opposite: cyan. Midtones from the center toward highlights turn red, while the darker midtones from center toward shadows turn cyan."},{"t":"img","f":"img-36","w":600,"h":407},{"t":"p","x":"这是调整前后的对比。","b":false,"xe":"Here's the before-and-after comparison."},{"t":"p","x":"同理，当曲线调整图层选择的是绿和蓝，那么只要记住它们的对立色洋红和黄，再结合曲线所处的明度区域就能够很清楚理解色彩调整的原理和作用的范围了。","b":false,"xe":"The same logic applies to the Green and Blue channels: remember their opposites (magenta and yellow), note which tonal zone the curve sits in, and the principle and scope of the adjustment become clear."},{"t":"p","x":"总结：曲线调整色彩的方法既能够对画面进行大开大合的全局性调色，也能够对画面中的暗部，中间调，高光进行点对点的精细调整，是很常用的技术。","b":true,"xe":"Summary: Curves can handle both sweeping global color grading and point-by-point fine adjustment of shadows, midtones, and highlights — a very commonly used technique."},{"t":"h","x":"8","xe":"8"},{"t":"h","x":"其他工具","xe":"Other Tools"},{"t":"p","x":"其他如Nik滤镜，渐变映射，通道混合器，计算等等复杂的调色工具，会在公众号thomaskksj以后的教程中继续介绍。","b":false,"xe":"Other complex grading tools — Nik filters, Gradient Maps, Channel Mixer, Calculations, and more — will be covered in future tutorials on the thomaskksj account."},{"t":"h","x":"姚老师的话：","xe":"A Word from Yao:"},{"t":"p","x":"这些年，我走过很多地方，看过无数美景，尝过无数美食。到最后才发现，最留恋的还是家乡那一片朴质无华的黄黄的海，最怀念的还是母亲做的简简单单的清炒青菜。","b":false,"xe":"Over the years I've traveled widely, seen countless beautiful sights, and tasted countless foods. In the end, what I miss most is the plain yellow sea of my hometown, and my mother's simple stir-fried greens."},{"t":"p","x":"当你尝试了无数的后期色调和绚丽的ps插件的调色效果。到最后，你可能会发现，原来最极致的后期调色就是还原真实，回归原始——所见所想即所得。","b":false,"xe":"After trying countless post-processing styles and dazzling plugin effects, you may find that the ultimate color grade is simply restoring reality — what you see is what you get."},{"t":"h","x":"我是极影AdventureX摄影师—Miller姚明来","xe":"I'm AdventureX photographer Miller姚明来."},{"t":"h","x":"极影AdventureX","xe":"AdventureX"},{"t":"h","x":"极限挑战","xe":"Push the Limits"},{"t":"h","x":"极致影像","xe":"Ultimate Imagery"},{"t":"h","x":"极客分享","xe":"Geek Sharing"},{"t":"h","x":"欢迎关注@Thomas看看世界，","xe":"Follow @Thomas Chu Photo,"},{"t":"h","x":"每周学会一个摄影技能。","xe":"and learn one photography skill every week."}],"titleEn":"Every Post-Processing Color Grading Method in One Article"}