{"slug":"all-ps-cutout-tools","title":"一个视频讲解全部PS抠图工具！解决你99%的摄影后期局部处理问题！","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2021-06-20","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247493474&idx=1&sn=4962c4fa463d76f0585845bec9535a1b&chksm=eb821906dcf5901019c509e04d6872f0c6ec1faea60056f5003bf428fa21c3ad86d2b40983a7&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"Photoshop里面的抠图工具太多了！快速选择、选择并遮住、钢笔、通道、色彩范围等等技术，常常把后期新手弄的云里雾里。","b":false,"xe":"Photoshop has so many cutout tools! Quick Selection, Select and Mask, the Pen Tool, channels, Color Range... beginners often find them bewildering."},{"t":"p","x":"今天的摄影后期教程，Thomas就会言简意赅的用15分钟视频讲解几乎全部的常用PS抠图工具，以及他们的用法、区别和使用顺序。","b":false,"xe":"In today's post-processing tutorial, Thomas covers nearly all the commonly used PS cutout tools in a concise 15-minute video — their usage, differences, and the order to apply them in."},{"t":"p","x":"相信大家看完今天的教程，再也不会被抠图所困扰了，无论多么复杂的边缘都能搞定！","b":false,"xe":"After watching today's tutorial, cutouts will never trouble you again — no matter how complex the edge!"},{"t":"h","x":"视频教程","xe":"Video Tutorial"},{"t":"bili","bv":"BV1r54y1G7L6","bpic":"bili-1","bt":"一个视频讲解全部PS抠图工具！解决你99%的摄影后期局部处理问题！"},{"t":"p","x":"这一篇是上面视频的完整图文整理。PS 里的抠图工具太多：快速选择、选择并遮住、钢笔、通道、色彩范围……新手常常被弄得云里雾里。Thomas 用一条清晰的逻辑线把它们全部串起来——先 AI 一键，再明显边缘，再复杂边缘，最后手工与半透明，配上视频里的实际操作截图，看完基本能搞定 99% 的抠图问题。","xe":"This is the fully illustrated companion to the video above. Photoshop has too many selection tools — Quick Selection, Select and Mask, Pen, Channels, Color Range — and beginners get lost in them. Thomas strings them all into one clear logic: AI first, then obvious edges, then complex edges, and finally manual and translucent selections, with live operation screenshots from the video. Master this and 99% of cutout problems are solved."},{"t":"p","x":"先看总览。下面这张是视频里反复出现的工具总结卡，六类工具按从易到难、从自动到手工排列，整篇文章就按这个顺序展开。","xe":"Start with the overview: this summary card, shown repeatedly in the video, lists the six families of tools arranged from easy to hard, automatic to manual — the same order the article follows."},{"t":"img","f":"v01","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"01 AI 自动抠图：先试一键选择","xe":"01 AI Auto Selection: Try One Click First"},{"t":"p","x":"拿到一张照片要抠图，第一步永远是相信 AI。要选天空，直接打开「选择」菜单点「天空」，人工智能会自动把天空识别出来，基本非常精确，只有少数局部边缘需要微调——比如视频里的极光照片，一键之后山脊线干干净净（视频 0:44 处）。","xe":"The first move for any cutout is to trust the AI. To select the sky, open the Select menu and click Sky: the AI recognizes and masks it almost perfectly, with only a few local edges needing touch-ups — in the aurora photo from the video, the ridge line comes out spotless after one click (at 0:44 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v02","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"要选画面主体——背景里有个人、一顶帐篷、一辆车——就用「选择 > 主体」。视频里的照片一键就把人和石头整体抠了出来；如果主体选得不干净，再用工具栏第四组的「对象选择工具」框选局部，AI 会在框内自动挑出主体，比全图主体选择更可控（视频 1:06 处）。","xe":"To select the subject — a person, a tent, a car in the background — use Select Subject. In the video one click lifts the climber and the rock out as a whole; if the result is sloppy, switch to the Object Selection tool (fourth group in the toolbar) and marquee a region so the AI only picks the subject inside your box — far more controllable than a full-frame subject selection (at 1:06 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v03","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"AI 自动抠图可以解决 80% 以上的问题。剩下的问题按边缘类型分三类处理：明显边缘、复杂边缘、以及半透明或基于明度色彩的选择——这就是后面四类工具的分工。","xe":"AI auto selection solves over 80% of problems. The rest fall into three groups by edge type — obvious edges, complex edges, and translucent or luminosity/color-based selections — which is exactly how the remaining tool families divide the work."},{"t":"h","x":"02 明显边缘：快速选择加与减","xe":"02 Obvious Edges: Quick Selection, Plus and Minus"},{"t":"p","x":"当一个物体既不是天空也不是主体，但边缘和背景的色彩、明度分得很开——比如视频里车窗外的海天和黑框窗格——快速选择工具就非常好用：按住加号涂抹，窗户里的景物迅速进入选区（视频 2:46 处）。同属这一组的还有磁性套索和魔棒工具。","xe":"When an object is neither sky nor subject but its edge contrasts strongly with the background in color or brightness — like the sea and sky inside the train window against the dark frame in the video — the Quick Selection tool shines: paint with the plus brush and the window contents join the selection in seconds (at 2:46 in the video). The Magnetic Lasso and Magic Wand belong to the same family."},{"t":"img","f":"v04","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"多选了怎么办？按住 Alt 键，画笔变成减号，把多选的边缘从选区里减掉；所有选区工具都遵循同一规则——Shift 加选、Alt 减选。来回加减几次，窗户这样的明显边缘就能干净收边（视频 3:22 处）。","xe":"Over-selected? Hold Alt and the brush becomes a minus, subtracting the excess from the selection; every selection tool obeys the same rule — Shift adds, Alt subtracts. A few passes of plus and minus and an obvious edge like the window is cleanly closed (at 3:22 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v05","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"03 复杂边缘：套索与选择并遮住","xe":"03 Complex Edges: Lasso and Select and Mask"},{"t":"p","x":"边缘稍复杂、但还看得清走向的时候，用套索、多边形套索手动修补。视频里的例子是窗台上杯子的提手：用多边形套索沿把手逐点点击。别嫌它是直线工具——照片是像素图不是矢量图，曲线处多打几个点照样贴合，Shift 加选、Alt 减选的规则依然适用（视频 4:54 处）。","xe":"When the edge gets trickier but its path is still visible, repair it manually with the Lasso and Polygonal Lasso. The video's example is the handle of a cup on the windowsill: click point by point along the handle with the Polygonal Lasso. Don't dismiss it as a straight-line tool — photos are pixel maps, not vectors, so a few extra points on curves hug them just fine, and Shift-add / Alt-subtract still applies (at 4:54 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v06","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"真正棘手的是树木枝杈、宠物毛发这类复杂边缘。无论你用哪种方式建立了选区，选项栏都会出现「选择并遮住」：进去后选第二个工具「调整边缘画笔」，沿着树梢涂一下，红色覆盖区表示未选中、透明区表示选中，PS 会自动分辨枝干与天空缝隙，确定后选区精细到每一根枝条（视频 6:38 处）。","xe":"The genuinely tough cases are branching trees and pet fur. However you built the selection, the options bar offers Select and Mask: inside, pick the second tool, the Refine Edge Brush, and sweep it along the treetops — red overlay marks unselected areas, transparency marks selected ones, and Photoshop automatically separates twigs from the sky behind them; on exiting, the selection is precise down to each branch (at 6:38 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v07","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"04 手工精细抠图：钢笔与羽化","xe":"04 Precision Manual Cutouts: Pen and Feathering"},{"t":"p","x":"第四类用得很少，只服务于商业级 KV 的精细抠图，或者坚持纯手工的「匠人」——觉得 AI 和套索没有灵魂的人。视频里的例子是一双黑色徒步鞋：颜色质感和旁边的黑裤子几乎无法区分，人眼都看不清鞋帮在哪里，AI 更无从下手；用多边形套索沿大致走向逐点连接就能选出来，曲线多打几个点即可（视频 8:02 处）。","xe":"The fourth family sees little daily use — it serves commercial-grade key visuals and pure-manual purists who find AI and lassos 'soulless'. The video's example: a pair of black hiking boots whose color and texture are nearly indistinguishable from the black trousers beside them, so faint even the eye cannot tell where the boot ends — hopeless for AI. The Polygonal Lasso clicked along the approximate outline picks them out, with extra points on the curves (at 8:02 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v08","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"选区直接调色容易在边缘露出生硬的痕迹，这时把选区的羽化值加大一点——视频里用了 2.6 个像素——边缘立刻自然。追求极致精细的话，钢笔工具是抠图的不二选择，网上教程极多，这里不再展开（视频 9:19 处）。","xe":"Adjusting a hard selection directly leaves harsh edges, so enlarge the selection's feather — 2.6 pixels in the video — and the transition turns natural instantly. For the ultimate precision, the Pen tool remains the definitive manual cutout instrument; tutorials abound online, so it is not repeated here (at 9:19 in the video)."},{"t":"h","x":"05 半透明与色彩：通道亮度蒙版","xe":"05 Translucent and Tonal Selections: Channels and Luminosity Masks"},{"t":"p","x":"最后一类是边缘复杂而且半透明的对象——一朵云、升腾的火焰、视频里那条蜿蜒的远河。它们从头到尾就不适合「画」选区，而要基于亮度来选：通道工具或亮度蒙版。通道是亮度蒙版的底层基石，Thomas 平时用 TK Actions 插件一键生成亮度蒙版：挑一个明暗分布接近目标区域的蒙版做起点，把背景部分进一步压黑，河流就被单独「亮」了出来（视频 9:44 处）。","xe":"The last family selects objects that are complex and translucent — a cloud, rising flames, or the winding river in the distance from the video. They were never suited to painted selections; you select by brightness instead, via Channels or luminosity masks. Channels are the foundation of luminosity masks, and Thomas generates them in one click with the TK Actions plugin: pick the mask whose tonal distribution best matches the target, push the background darker still, and the river lights up all by itself (at 9:44 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v09","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v10","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"亮度蒙版不仅选「哪里亮」，还能选「什么颜色」。比如只想把画面中间调的对比度提上去：用 TK 面板生成中间调蒙版，再拉一条 S 曲线——对比只落在中间调上，不像全局 S 曲线那样连高光阴影一起拉开、看着违和（视频 12:36 处）。想选画面里所有的蓝色，则用「选择 > 色彩范围」点一下蓝色，用容差控制精确度：容差大，周边的青色紫色也会被带进来；容差小，选区就干净利落（视频 13:21 处）。","xe":"Luminosity masks select not just 'what is bright' but 'what color'. To boost contrast only in the midtones, generate a midtone mask from the TK panel and apply an S-curve — the contrast lands on the midtones alone, without the global S-curve's telltale stretching of highlights and shadows (at 12:36 in the video). To select every blue in the frame, use Select > Color Range and click the blue, then steer precision with Fuzziness: a high value drags in neighboring cyans and violets, a low one keeps the selection tight (at 13:21 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v11","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v12","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 抠图先信 AI：选择天空、选择主体、对象选择工具解决 80% 的问题；2. 明显边缘交给快速选择、磁性套索、魔棒，Shift 加选 Alt 减选来回修补；3. 树枝毛发用选择并遮住的调整边缘画笔，商业级精修用钢笔与多边形套索加羽化；4. 云、火焰、河流这类半透明对象用通道和亮度蒙版，中间调和色彩选择用 TK 面板与色彩范围加容差。","xe":"1. Trust AI first: Select Sky, Select Subject and Object Selection solve 80% of cutouts; 2. Hand obvious edges to Quick Selection, Magnetic Lasso and Magic Wand, refining with Shift-add and Alt-subtract; 3. Use Select and Mask's Refine Edge Brush for branches and fur, and Pen plus Polygonal Lasso with feathering for commercial-grade retouching; 4. For translucent subjects like clouds, flames and rivers, use channels and luminosity masks, and select midtones or colors with the TK panel and Color Range fuzziness."},{"t":"h","x":"PPT","xe":"PPT"},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"h","x":"欢迎关注@Thomas看看世界","xe":"Follow @Thomas Chu Photo,"},{"t":"h","x":"每周学会一个摄影技能","xe":"and learn one photography skill every week."}],"titleEn":"One Video Covering Every PS Cutout Tool: Solve 99% of Your Local Editing Problems"}