{"slug":"camera-calibration-primaries","title":"最神奇的PS调色工具，为什么网红预设都爱用相机校准三原色？","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2018-12-30","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247488074&idx=1&sn=3daf12c3084e55a793ff28cdb6d74e84&chksm=eb81ec2edcf6653805d801d19e9b3d06f987028b2a5eac8c794d4b479d2769c4018a5098fee2&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"以前的系列教程《要学Camera Raw修图，读完这篇文章就够了》，托马斯讲解了几乎所有的Adobe Camera Raw（ACR）工具，但唯独校准面板的三原色没有详细分享。","b":false,"xe":"In the earlier series tutorial 'To Learn Camera Raw Editing, This Article Is Enough', Thomas covered almost every Adobe Camera Raw (ACR) tool — except the Calibration panel's primaries, which weren't shared in detail."},{"t":"p","x":"而在大量的网红预设以及网红调色教程中，三原色又是一个出镜频率极高的工具，可以说是最为神奇的调色工具之一。","b":false,"xe":"Yet in countless popular presets and trending grading tutorials, the primaries tool appears with extremely high frequency — it's one of the most magical grading tools."},{"t":"p","x":"今天的教程，托马斯就会和大家分享三原色工具的用法。","b":false,"xe":"In today's tutorial, Thomas shares how to use the primaries tool."},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"三原色工具为什么这么神奇？","xe":"Why is the primaries tool so magical?"},{"t":"p","x":"首先我们来浏览一组“网红”照片。","b":false,"xe":"First, let's browse a set of 'viral' photos."},{"t":"p","x":"这些网络上流行的照片，无论风光还是人像，其实是有一些规律和套路的，不知道大家能不能总结出来？","b":false,"xe":"These popular photos online — whether landscapes or portraits — actually follow certain patterns and formulas. Can you summarize them?"},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1067,"h":1600},{"t":"p","x":"摄影师：Thomas看看世界（风光）","b":false,"xe":"Photographer: Thomas Chu Photo (landscape)"},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":1080,"h":1378},{"t":"p","x":"摄影师：Sean Archer（人像）","b":false,"xe":"Photographer: Sean Archer (portrait)"},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":1080,"h":631},{"t":"p","x":"摄影师：Thomas看看世界（风光）","b":false,"xe":"Photographer: Thomas Chu Photo (landscape)"},{"t":"p","x":"不知道大家有没有发现这几张照片的一些共同点：","b":false,"xe":"Have you noticed what these photos have in common?"},{"t":"p","x":"1）整张照片色彩干净统一，画面中出现的色相不多，并不是花花绿绿，五颜六色的。这样照片看起来很舒服，很和谐，不会显得太乱太杂。","b":false,"xe":"1) The colors across each photo are clean and unified — not many hues appear; nothing is a garish riot of color. This makes the photo comfortable and harmonious, never messy."},{"t":"p","x":"2）画面的色彩符合一些色彩搭配模型，比如《学会常见的配色原理，再也不怕后期调色啦》教程中，提到的互补色搭配。这3张照片主要利用的，都是“青色-橙色”这一组RYB互补色进行搭配。色彩搭配不仅在摄影中，更是在美术、设计中广泛应用。","b":false,"xe":"2) The colors follow color-matching models — for example the complementary pairing mentioned in the tutorial 'Learn Common Color-Matching Principles and Never Fear Grading Again'. All 3 photos mainly use the 'cyan-orange' RYB complementary pair. Color matching is widely used not only in photography but also in art and design."},{"t":"p","x":"色相不能太多，色相符合色彩搭配模型，也是我在《风光摄影后期基础》一书中，提到的“色彩搭配五大套路”中的两个重要规律。","b":false,"xe":"'Not too many hues' and 'hues following color-matching models' are also two of the 'five color-matching formulas' I mention in my book 'Foundations of Landscape Photography Post-Processing'."},{"t":"p","x":"那么如何去减少画面中的色相数量，并让色彩符合常见搭配呢？我们可以用很多工具，比如HSL、曲线、通道混合器等等。","b":false,"xe":"So how do we reduce the number of hues in a frame and make colors fit classic pairings? We can use many tools — HSL, curves, channel mixer and so on."},{"t":"p","x":"但今天要讲到的“校准-三原色”工具，之所以这么神奇，大量出现在网红调色中，就是因为它可以同时办到这两件事！","b":false,"xe":"But the 'Calibration - Primaries' tool covered today is so magical and so omnipresent in viral grading precisely because it accomplishes both at once!"},{"t":"p","x":"校准面板，是ACR中排在倒数、较后面的面板。里面主要有红原色色相、红原色饱和度、绿原色色相、绿原色饱和度、蓝原色色相、蓝原色饱和度 六大滑块。","b":false,"xe":"The Calibration panel sits near the end of ACR's panels. It mainly contains six sliders: Red Primary Hue, Red Primary Saturation, Green Primary Hue, Green Primary Saturation, Blue Primary Hue, Blue Primary Saturation."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":1080,"h":820},{"t":"p","x":"我们用来演示的图片，是一个红、绿、蓝为三原色的12色色环，这样我们可以比较直观的看到各种颜色的变化。","b":false,"xe":"Our demo image is a 12-color wheel built from red, green and blue primaries, so we can see each color's change intuitively."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":1000,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"我们可以试试把“蓝原色-色相”的滑块往左边移动，这时我们的色环发生了神奇的变化。","b":false,"xe":"Try moving the 'Blue Primary - Hue' slider to the left — the wheel undergoes a magical change."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1080,"h":805},{"t":"p","x":"1所圈起来的，是原图中蓝色以及其相邻色，此时他们都偏向了青色，色相更加统一。2所圈起来的，是原图中黄色以及其相邻色，此时他们都偏向了橙色，色相也开始统一起来了。","b":false,"xe":"Circle 1 marks the blues and their neighbors in the original: they all shift toward cyan, their hues unified. Circle 2 marks the yellows and neighbors: they shift toward orange, also becoming unified."},{"t":"p","x":"更神奇的是3所代表的中间过渡色，比如品红色，竟然饱和度降低了，起到了减少色相的作用。","b":false,"xe":"Even more magical, the transitional colors marked 3 — like magenta — actually lose saturation, effectively reducing the number of hues."},{"t":"p","x":"我们通过左移蓝原色色相滑块，就同时完成了减少画面中色彩数量，并把大部分色相往经典的“橙-青”色彩搭配靠拢，一下子搞定了流行色调的两种套路，难怪不得网红们都爱用！","b":false,"xe":"By moving the Blue Primary hue slider left alone, we simultaneously reduced the number of colors in the frame and pushed most hues toward the classic 'orange-teal' pairing — nailing two formulas of trendy tones in one move. No wonder influencers love it!"},{"t":"p","x":"再用一个手机拍摄的照片作为案例，下图中色彩比较普通，色相较多，搭配也比较混乱。","b":false,"xe":"Here's another case using a phone photo: the colors below are ordinary, with many hues and a messy pairing."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":1000,"h":653},{"t":"p","x":"我进入“校准”面板，把蓝原色的色相左移，变成-100。","b":false,"xe":"I entered the Calibration panel and moved the Blue Primary hue left to -100."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":263,"h":107},{"t":"p","x":"瞬间照片就变成了《关注一下这3位风光摄影师》一文中，介绍过的“糖果色”类似风格。整体冷色都偏青，整体暖色都偏橙红，其他杂色大量被消除，这种效果原来一步就可以基本搞定！","b":false,"xe":"Instantly the photo took on the 'candy color' style introduced in 'Check Out These 3 Landscape Photographers': cool tones all lean teal, warm tones all lean orange-red, and stray colors are largely eliminated — a single step basically nails the effect!"},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1000,"h":653},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"三原色中的色相滑块如何使用？","xe":"How to use the primaries hue sliders?"},{"t":"p","x":"通过上面的案例，我们了解到了三原色工具的一个核心亮点，就是它可以控制画面中的色相数量，并把他们往互补色搭配上进行移动。","b":false,"xe":"From the cases above we learned a core strength of the primaries tool: it controls the number of hues in the frame and pushes them toward complementary pairings."},{"t":"p","x":"那么这些色相滑块左右移动有怎样的效果？具体应该如何调整？是我们接下来要探讨的问题。","b":false,"xe":"So what effects do these hue sliders have when moved left or right, and how exactly should we adjust them? That's what we explore next."},{"t":"p","x":"当然在这之前，先要介绍一下：三原色工具之所以在“校准”面板，是因为它在Photoshop开发之初，本意是用来校正Raw文件和相机标准之间的色偏的。","b":false,"xe":"But first, an introduction: the primaries tool lives in the 'Calibration' panel because, when Photoshop was first developed, it was meant to correct color casts between the RAW file and the camera standard."},{"t":"p","x":"其底层原理，是通过改变红、绿、蓝三种通道（三种感光元）之间的相互关系，来校正Raw文件偏色。但随着校色技术的发展，它的本身功能已经被代替，现在更多的用于创意性调色中。","b":false,"xe":"Its underlying principle is correcting RAW color casts by changing the relationship between the red, green and blue channels (the three sensor elements). As calibration technology evolved, its original function was superseded, and it's now mostly used for creative grading."},{"t":"p","x":"如果对色彩之间相邻、互补关系还不了解的同学，建议先阅读教程《学会后期调色，从认识颜色开始》，或学习《风光摄影后期基础》书中第2章3节，再进行下面的阅读。","b":false,"xe":"If you're not yet familiar with adjacent and complementary color relationships, I recommend first reading the tutorial 'Mastering Post Grading Starts with Understanding Color', or Chapter 2 Section 3 of 'Foundations of Landscape Photography Post-Processing', before continuing."},{"t":"p","x":"首先我们来讲一下蓝原色滑块。蓝原色色相滑块，对全图的色彩都有影响，特别是原图中的蓝色、黄色部分。","b":false,"xe":"Let's start with the Blue Primary slider. Blue Primary Hue affects the whole image's colors, especially the blue and yellow parts of the original."},{"t":"p","x":"因为真实照片中经常出现蓝色（天空、海水、阴影），也经常出现黄色（阳光、岩石、皮肤、植被），因此蓝原色色相滑块也是被用的最多的一个滑块。","b":false,"xe":"Because real photos often contain blue (sky, sea, shadows) and yellow (sunlight, rocks, skin, vegetation), the Blue Primary hue slider is the most-used of the three."},{"t":"p","x":"左移蓝原色滑块（往滑块显示的青色方向移动）。原图中的蓝色和相邻颜色，将加上青色，从而整体往青蓝色统一。","b":false,"xe":"Move Blue Primary left (toward the cyan end of the slider): the blues and neighboring colors gain cyan, unifying toward blue-teal overall."},{"t":"p","x":"而原图中的黄色相邻颜色也会偏色（为什么是黄色？因为RGB模式中，黄色是蓝原色的互补色），这些暖色中都会加上红色（青色互补色），因此整体偏向橙、橙红。","b":false,"xe":"Meanwhile the yellows' neighbors also shift (why yellow? Because in RGB, yellow is blue's complement): these warm colors all gain red (cyan's complement), pushing them toward orange and orange-red."},{"t":"p","x":"而原图中的绿色、紫色等，这些正好处于蓝色和黄色中间的颜色，不仅色相会向他们偏移，而且饱和度会减小。","b":false,"xe":"As for colors sitting between blue and yellow — like green and purple — not only do their hues shift, their saturation decreases."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1080,"h":805},{"t":"p","x":"那么如果右移蓝原色色相呢？","b":false,"xe":"What about moving Blue Primary hue right?"},{"t":"p","x":"蓝原色色相往右侧（品红色）方向移动，蓝色及相邻色彩会偏品，黄色及相邻色相会偏绿（品红互补色），同样的中间色彩饱和度会大大降低。","b":false,"xe":"Moving Blue Primary hue right (toward magenta): blues and neighbors shift toward magenta; yellows and neighbors shift toward green (magenta's complement); and again the in-between colors lose a lot of saturation."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":1080,"h":819},{"t":"p","x":"总而言之，蓝原色色相滑块，主要影响画面中的蓝色、黄色和相邻色彩，左移会把他们统一成“青蓝-橙红”的色彩搭配，右移会让整体色彩偏向“品红-绿”的搭配。","b":true,"xe":"In short, the Blue Primary hue slider mainly affects blues, yellows and their neighbors: left unifies them into a 'teal-orange' pairing, right pushes everything toward 'magenta-green'."},{"t":"p","x":"因为纯绿色和纯紫色，在自然界中很少出现，一般调风光照片的时候，蓝原色滑块都是向左移动。","b":false,"xe":"Since pure green and pure purple rarely appear in nature, for landscape grading the Blue Primary slider is almost always moved left."},{"t":"p","x":"其他的色相滑块，我就直接说结论了，大家可以通过上面蓝原色的例子，结合互补色的关系来进行理解。","b":false,"xe":"For the other hue sliders I'll just give conclusions — you can reason them out from the Blue Primary example combined with complementary relationships."},{"t":"p","x":"绿原色色相滑块，主要影响的是原图中的绿色和其互补色品红色，以及他们相近的颜色。（正常照片中这两种颜色较少，因此绿原色使用频率较低）","b":false,"xe":"The Green Primary hue slider mainly affects greens and their complement magentas, plus their neighbors. (These two colors are rare in normal photos, so Green Primary is used less often.)"},{"t":"p","x":"左移绿原色色相（往色相条上的黄色移动），原图绿色（及相近色）偏黄，品红色（及相近色）偏蓝。","b":false,"xe":"Move Green Primary hue left (toward yellow on the hue bar): greens (and neighbors) shift yellow; magentas (and neighbors) shift blue."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":1080,"h":820},{"t":"p","x":"右移绿原色色相（往色相条上的青色移动），绿色（及相近色）偏青，品红色（及相近色）偏红。","b":false,"xe":"Move Green Primary hue right (toward cyan on the hue bar): greens (and neighbors) shift cyan; magentas (and neighbors) shift red."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":1080,"h":817},{"t":"p","x":"红原色色相，主要影响画面中的红色相近色，以及青色相近色部分。因为现实生活中，红色的物体也很多，比如皮肤、火焰等等，因此这个滑块也经常使用，特别是在人像调色中。","b":false,"xe":"Red Primary hue mainly affects reds and their neighbors, plus cyans and their neighbors. Since red objects are common in real life — skin, flames and so on — this slider is also used often, especially in portrait grading."},{"t":"p","x":"左移红原色色相滑块，画面中红色（及相近色）偏品，青色（及相近色）偏绿。前面提过“品-绿”的组合并不太自然，因此我自己较少会左移红原色色相。","b":false,"xe":"Move Red Primary hue left: reds (and neighbors) shift magenta; cyans (and neighbors) shift green. As mentioned, the 'magenta-green' combo is not very natural, so I rarely move Red Primary left."},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":1080,"h":824},{"t":"p","x":"右移红原色色相滑块，画面中红色和类似色偏橙黄，青色和相似色偏紫蓝，也是常见的一种色彩搭配。","b":false,"xe":"Move Red Primary hue right: reds and similars shift orange-yellow; cyans and similars shift purple-blue — also a common color pairing."},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":1080,"h":819},{"t":"p","x":"在实际案例中，我们经常会结合多个原色滑块，甚至HSL工具来进行调色。","b":false,"xe":"In real cases we often combine multiple primary sliders, and even the HSL tool, to grade."},{"t":"p","x":"比如前面的这个“糖果色”例子：","b":false,"xe":"Take the earlier 'candy color' example:"},{"t":"p","x":"蓝原色色相左移变成-100，基本感觉有了，但是人物皮肤太偏橙红，需要往黄色方向偏移，天空中的蓝色也不太够。","b":false,"xe":"Blue Primary hue left to -100 gives the basic feel, but the person's skin is too orange-red and needs shifting toward yellow, and the blue in the sky is a bit insufficient."},{"t":"img","f":"img-17","w":1080,"h":545},{"t":"p","x":"而右移红原色滑块，正好是把暖色系往橙黄方向走，把冷色系往紫蓝方向走，因此这里我把红原色滑块右移到+75。","b":false,"xe":"Moving Red Primary right pushes the warm family toward orange-yellow and the cool family toward purple-blue — exactly what's needed, so I moved Red Primary to +75."},{"t":"img","f":"img-18","w":1080,"h":543},{"t":"p","x":"画面中的橙黄色有点闷，不符合阳光下的氛围，因此我在HSL工具中，把橙色的明亮度提升了87。HSL工具教程：《学会调色，从理解HSL面板开始》。","b":false,"xe":"The orange-yellow in the frame felt a bit stuffy for a sunny mood, so in the HSL tool I raised Orange luminance by 87. (HSL tutorial: 'Mastering Grading Starts with Understanding the HSL Panel'.)"},{"t":"img","f":"img-19","w":1080,"h":551},{"t":"p","x":"关于糖果色，以后还会有更详细的教程。但通过三原色和HSL工具，已经调的八九不离十了。","b":false,"xe":"There will be a more detailed tutorial on candy colors later. But with the primaries and HSL tools, we're already ninety percent there."},{"t":"h","x":"3","xe":"3"},{"t":"h","x":"三原色中的饱和度滑块如何使用？","xe":"How to use the primaries saturation sliders?"},{"t":"p","x":"红绿蓝三原色，除了色相滑块之外，各自还有饱和度的滑块。","b":false,"xe":"Besides hue sliders, the red, green and blue primaries each have a saturation slider."},{"t":"p","x":"蓝原色饱和度，主要影响画面中蓝色附近色系的饱和度。左移蓝原色饱和度滑块，蓝色邻近色系的饱和度大大降低，但其他色彩饱和度降低幅度较小。","b":false,"xe":"Blue Primary Saturation mainly affects the saturation of blue-ish color families. Move it left and the blue family loses saturation dramatically, while other colors drop only slightly."},{"t":"img","f":"img-20","w":1080,"h":820},{"t":"p","x":"右移蓝原色饱和度滑块，蓝色邻近色系的饱和度大大提高，但其他色彩受影响较小，饱和度提升比较自然和谐。","b":false,"xe":"Move it right and the blue family gains saturation greatly, while other colors are barely affected — the boost feels natural and harmonious."},{"t":"img","f":"img-21","w":1080,"h":816},{"t":"p","x":"绿原色饱和度，主要影响画面中绿色相邻色彩的饱和度。左移绿原色饱和度滑块，绿色邻近色系的饱和度大大降低，但其他色彩饱和度降低幅度较小。","b":false,"xe":"Green Primary Saturation mainly affects green-ish families. Move it left: greens lose saturation dramatically; other colors drop slightly."},{"t":"img","f":"img-22","w":1080,"h":824},{"t":"p","x":"右移绿原色饱和度滑块，绿色邻近色系的饱和度大大提高，但其他色彩饱和度提升比较小。","b":false,"xe":"Move it right: greens gain saturation greatly; other colors gain only slightly."},{"t":"img","f":"img-23","w":1080,"h":814},{"t":"p","x":"红原色的饱和度滑块，变化规律也是类似的，左移大大降低画面中红色及相关颜色的饱和度，右移大大增加他们的饱和度。而其他色彩受影响较小。","b":false,"xe":"Red Primary Saturation behaves similarly: left greatly reduces reds and related colors; right greatly boosts them. Other colors are barely affected."},{"t":"img","f":"img-24","w":1080,"h":816},{"t":"img","f":"img-25","w":1080,"h":819},{"t":"p","x":"在自然风光照片中，人物皮肤、树木花草、岩石砖墙等等，这些地景的色相一般都是在橙色、黄色附近。这些地景的饱和度一般不宜提升过多，太饱和的皮肤、沙石看起来不太自然。","b":false,"xe":"In natural landscape photos, ground elements like skin, trees, flowers, rocks and brick walls usually have hues near orange and yellow. Their saturation generally shouldn't be raised much — over-saturated skin and sandstone look unnatural."},{"t":"p","x":"前面我们提到过，提升蓝原色饱和度，画面中冷色饱和度会加强，而暖色饱和度提升非常小幅度、舒服、自然。因此很多风光摄影师喜欢提升蓝原色的饱和度。","b":false,"xe":"Earlier we noted that raising Blue Primary Saturation strongly boosts cool colors while warm colors rise only slightly — comfortable and natural. That's why many landscape photographers love raising Blue Primary Saturation."},{"t":"p","x":"下面这张照片就是一个典型例子，原图色彩太淡。","b":false,"xe":"The photo below is a typical case: the original colors are too pale."},{"t":"img","f":"img-26","w":1000,"h":667},{"t":"p","x":"提升蓝原色饱和度到+100。","b":false,"xe":"Raise Blue Primary Saturation to +100."},{"t":"img","f":"img-27","w":273,"h":109},{"t":"p","x":"画面饱和度提升，而且整体比较自然。","b":false,"xe":"The saturation rises, and it looks natural overall."},{"t":"img","f":"img-28","w":1000,"h":667},{"t":"p","x":"当然有的照片，蓝天本身就很强烈，提升蓝原色饱和度后天空有点过饱和。","b":false,"xe":"Of course, some photos already have intense blue skies, and raising Blue Primary Saturation over-saturates the sky."},{"t":"img","f":"img-29","w":1080,"h":553},{"t":"p","x":"这种情况，我们可以配合使用HSL工具，降低蓝色的饱和度。","b":false,"xe":"In that case, combine it with the HSL tool to reduce blue saturation."},{"t":"img","f":"img-30","w":1080,"h":547},{"t":"h","x":"总结","xe":"Summary"},{"t":"p","x":"1. 控制色相数量、色相符合常见搭配，是网红色调常用的套路。而相机校准-三原色工具，可以很方便的完成这个任务。","b":true,"xe":"1. Controlling the number of hues and matching classic color pairings are common formulas behind trendy tones — and the Camera Calibration primaries tool accomplishes this handily."},{"t":"p","x":"2. 蓝原色色相左移，画面暖色偏橙红，冷色偏青蓝。红原色色相右移，画面暖色偏橙黄，冷色偏紫蓝。其他原色色相移动原理类似，使用频率比这两个要少。","b":true,"xe":"2. Blue Primary hue left: warm colors lean orange-red, cool colors lean teal. Red Primary hue right: warm colors lean orange-yellow, cool colors lean purple-blue. Other primaries follow similar principles but are used less."},{"t":"p","x":"3. 提升蓝原色饱和度，对画面冷色提升强烈，暖色提升自然，是很多摄影师的常用招数。原色调整常常需要配合HSL工具使用，很多时候甚至可以完全被HSL工具替代。","b":true,"xe":"3. Raising Blue Primary Saturation strongly boosts cool colors while warm colors rise naturally — a common trick among photographers. Primary adjustments often pair with HSL, and can sometimes even be fully replaced by it."}],"titleEn":"The Most Magical PS Color Tool: Why Do Viral Presets Love Camera Calibration Primaries?"}