{"slug":"color-grading-mood","title":"摄影后期调色漫谈 - 色彩没感觉？三大颜色助你渲染照片氛围","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2019-07-28","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247489247&idx=1&sn=4df4478263330cdca0827d26a4b19a2e&chksm=eb81e8bbdcf661ad5274a9cc2596cefe7c024508c72640badb8cb1ad6fbb9d5c706dbee37fc3&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"大多数摄影爱好者都是全凭感觉进行后期调色。但对于美术基础较弱的朋友而言，这种凭感性调出来的色彩往往比较糟糕。","b":false,"xe":"Most photography enthusiasts grade colors purely by feel. But for those with a weaker foundation in fine art, colors graded by intuition alone often turn out rather poor."},{"t":"p","x":"因此托马斯会陆续介绍一些基本的平面色彩知识，帮助大家用理论去辅助调色。","b":false,"xe":"So Thomas will introduce some basic knowledge of flat-image color, one installment at a time, to help you use theory to assist your color grading."},{"t":"p","x":"一张平面作品中的颜色，按功能主要可以分为三类: 主色调、聚焦色和辅助色。","b":false,"xe":"In a flat-image work, colors can be divided by function into three main categories: dominant tone, accent (focusing) color, and supporting colors."},{"t":"p","x":"理解这三种色彩在画面中的作用，有助于我们合理的安排各种颜色的面积、形态、位置、色相、饱和度、亮度等等参数。","b":false,"xe":"Understanding the roles of these three kinds of color in the frame helps us reasonably arrange the area, shape, position, hue, saturation, lightness, and other parameters of each color."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"h","x":"1. 主色调","xe":"1. Dominant Tone"},{"t":"p","x":"主色调是画面中面积最大的1-2种颜色，代表了画面的整体色彩倾向，一般都是作为背景色、环境色或者整体偏色出现。","b":false,"xe":"The dominant tone is the 1–2 colors occupying the largest area of the frame, representing the overall color tendency of the picture — usually appearing as the background color, environment color, or overall color cast."},{"t":"h","x":"主色调有助于统一画面，让照片中的各个部分产生共振和呼应。","xe":"The dominant tone helps unify the picture, making the various parts of the photo resonate with and echo each other."},{"t":"p","x":"新手常犯的一个错误，就是像下面这张照片一样，画面色彩太乱太杂，缺少主线。","b":false,"xe":"A common beginner mistake, like the photo below, is that the colors of the frame are too messy and jumbled, lacking a main thread."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":1000,"h":664},{"t":"p","x":"而下面这张照片，虽然也有很丰富的颜色，如紫色、绿色、红色等等，但他们的面积都比较小，起到的是辅助色的作用。照片整体被主色调 - 深蓝色和淡黄色占据。","b":false,"xe":"The photo below also has rich colors — purple, green, red, and so on — but their areas are all relatively small, playing the role of supporting colors. The photo as a whole is occupied by the dominant tones: deep blue and pale yellow."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"蓝色作为整个环境的背景色，和冰天雪地的地貌十分搭配，烘托了北极气候的寒冷。而灯光和房屋的黄色，则与蓝色对比，突出了小镇的暖意。","b":false,"xe":"Blue, as the background color of the entire environment, matches the ice-and-snow terrain perfectly, setting off the cold of the Arctic climate. The yellow of the lights and houses, by contrast, plays against the blue and highlights the warmth of the small town."},{"t":"h","x":"可以看到，主色调还有一个更重要的意义，是带给了画面某种情绪或者氛围。","xe":"As you can see, the dominant tone has an even more important significance: it brings a certain emotion or atmosphere to the picture."},{"t":"p","x":"人们对不同的颜色，会产生不一样的情感联想。当某种颜色统治画面的时候，自然而然的就让照片带来了这种色彩所固有的情绪。","b":false,"xe":"People have different emotional associations with different colors. When one color dominates the frame, the photo naturally takes on the emotion inherent to that color."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":1080,"h":783},{"t":"p","x":"如果画面中缺少主色调，五彩缤纷的颜色互相干扰冲突，就很难产生一个统一的整体氛围。","b":false,"xe":"If the frame lacks a dominant tone, the riot of colors interferes and conflicts with one another, making it hard to produce a unified overall atmosphere."},{"t":"p","x":"比如要表现寒冷的氛围，主色调可以选择白色。冰雪加上白色，就会显得比较寒冷。","b":false,"xe":"For example, to express a cold atmosphere, white can be chosen as the dominant tone. Ice and snow plus white appear fairly cold."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"较深的蓝色、青色，经常和冰川、海面、黑夜联系起来，因此这两种色彩作为主色调，也可以很好的起到强化画面寒冷感的作用。","b":false,"xe":"Deeper blues and cyans are often associated with glaciers, the sea, and night — so these two colors as dominant tones also work well to intensify the cold feeling of the picture."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1080,"h":719},{"t":"p","x":"不同的主色调可以让照片的感觉大不相同。同样的一个雪山光影画面，如果主色调只选择蓝色，则画面看起来十分的冷峻。","b":false,"xe":"Different dominant tones can make a photo feel completely different. For the same snow-mountain light-and-shadow scene, if only blue is chosen as the dominant tone, the picture looks very austere and cold."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"如果主色调中增加橙色，让画面的亮部和暗部形成冷暖对比，照片就会更有冲突感。","b":false,"xe":"If orange is added to the dominant tone, creating a warm-cool contrast between the bright and dark parts of the image, the photo gains a stronger sense of conflict."},{"t":"p","x":"和刚刚的冷色版本比起来，蓝橙双主色调的版本，看起来会更加宏伟一些。","b":false,"xe":"Compared with the all-cool version just now, the blue-orange dual-dominant version looks more magnificent."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"不光各种色相会带来不同的感受，不一样的饱和度、亮度、色彩面积、色彩位置等也会带给观者不同的感觉。","b":false,"xe":"Not only do different hues bring different feelings — different saturation, lightness, color area, and color position also give viewers different sensations."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面这个正午光线下的沙滩照片，比较适合表现一种阳光、快乐、舒适的氛围。因此后期调成高饱和度、高亮度的颜色更为适合。","b":false,"xe":"For example, this beach photo in noon light below is well suited to expressing a sunny, joyful, comfortable atmosphere — so grading it toward high-saturation, high-brightness colors in post is more appropriate."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"假如我把上图中色彩的亮度和饱和度都调低，画面的主色调就会显得很压抑，和主题产生了很强的违和感。","b":false,"xe":"If I lower the lightness and saturation of the colors in the image above, the dominant tone appears very oppressive, creating a strong sense of discord with the theme."},{"t":"p","x":"而且降低亮度，让沙滩的细节显示出来后，照片会显得很脏。","b":false,"xe":"Moreover, lowering the brightness reveals the details of the beach, making the photo look dirty."},{"t":"h","x":"照片中的细节并不是越多越好，我们要学会做减法。","xe":"Detail in a photo is not a case of the more the better — we must learn to subtract."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"低饱和的青色、黄色作为主色调，配合上一定的朦胧感，适合表现一些比较压抑、客观的主题。","b":false,"xe":"Low-saturation cyan and yellow as dominant tones, combined with a certain hazy feeling, are suitable for expressing more oppressive, objective themes."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":1080,"h":809},{"t":"p","x":"而高饱和的黄色，则更加具有热烈的生命力。","b":false,"xe":"High-saturation yellow, by contrast, has a more fervent vitality."},{"t":"p","x":"下面一张照片，原图中的黄色面积还不够大，只有花朵部分，饱和度也不够强。","b":false,"xe":"In the photo below, the yellow area in the original is not yet large enough — only the flower part — and the saturation is not strong enough either."},{"t":"p","x":"画面主色调为天空和阴影中的蓝色，所以整体情感比较冷峻。","b":false,"xe":"The dominant tone of the frame is the blue of the sky and shadows, so the overall emotion is rather cold and austere."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":668,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"当我们通过后期调色，把云层、山峰也渲染成橙黄色，同时把花的黄色也进一步强化。","b":false,"xe":"When, through color grading in post, we render the clouds and peaks orange-yellow as well, while further strengthening the yellow of the flowers,"},{"t":"p","x":"这样黄色在面积和纯度上都压过了蓝色，成为了画面的绝对主色调，带给照片一种生命蓬勃向上的冲击力。","b":false,"xe":"the yellow then overpowers the blue in both area and purity, becoming the absolute dominant tone of the frame — bringing the photo an impact of life surging upward."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":1080,"h":1539},{"t":"p","x":"摄影后期的一个重要步骤，就是去控制画面中的颜色，根据主题选择合适的主色调，去烘托画面的情绪。","b":false,"xe":"An important step in photo post-processing is controlling the colors in the frame: choosing a suitable dominant tone according to the theme, to set off the picture's emotion."},{"t":"p","x":"而与画面情绪有悖的颜色，我们可以把他向画面的主色调进行统一，或者对这些颜色进行削弱。","b":false,"xe":"As for colors that run counter to the picture's emotion, we can unify them toward the dominant tone of the frame, or weaken these colors."},{"t":"p","x":"下面这张照片原图，画面中色彩就比较杂乱，无法凸显格陵兰岛无人区那种寂寥、安静的氛围。","b":false,"xe":"In the original of the photo below, the colors of the frame are rather jumbled, unable to highlight the lonely, quiet atmosphere of Greenland's uninhabited wilderness."},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":668,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"所以后期调色时，我首先确立了以暗青和淡红色为主色调，来渲染画面的寂静和孤独感。","b":false,"xe":"So when grading in post, I first established dark cyan and pale red as the dominant tones, to render the silence and solitude of the picture."},{"t":"p","x":"在具体调整时，我把所有的冷色都统一成了暗青色，甚至原有的褐色岩石上，我也叠加上了一层淡淡的青色。","b":false,"xe":"In the specific adjustments, I unified all cool colors into dark cyan — even over the originally brown rocks, I layered a faint wash of cyan."},{"t":"p","x":"而画面中的植被，以及被阳光照亮的山峰，我则全部统一成了中低亮度、低饱和度的红色。画面的氛围立马大不一样了。","b":false,"xe":"The vegetation in the frame, and the peaks lit by sunlight, I unified into reds of medium-low brightness and low saturation. The atmosphere of the picture was instantly transformed."},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":1080,"h":1442},{"t":"h","x":"当然照片的情绪，不光光是通过色彩来渲染的。","xe":"Of course, a photo's emotion is not rendered through color alone."},{"t":"p","x":"孤独的人物背影，安静的水面倒影，去掉杂物后干净的环境，低沉的影调等等，这些因素和色彩一起，烘托了照片的孤独氛围。","b":false,"xe":"The lonely figure seen from behind, the quiet reflection on the water, the clean environment with clutter removed, the subdued tonality — these factors, together with color, set off the lonely atmosphere of the photo."},{"t":"h","x":"2. 聚焦色","xe":"2. Accent (Focusing) Color"},{"t":"p","x":"照片中还有一种作用特别的色彩，这就是聚焦色。","b":false,"xe":"There is another kind of color in a photo with a special function: the accent color."},{"t":"p","x":"对于一张照片而言，主体或者兴趣点是非常重要的元素，他们的色彩需要我们着重去考虑。","b":false,"xe":"For a photo, the subject or point of interest is a very important element, and its color requires our careful consideration."},{"t":"p","x":"聚焦色就是用于强化照片的主体和兴趣点的颜色，一般是和主色调反差明显，或者和主体周边颜色对比有点大的颜色。","b":true,"xe":"The accent color is used to strengthen the photo's subject and points of interest — usually a color with obvious contrast against the dominant tone, or strong contrast with the colors surrounding the subject."},{"t":"p","x":"在下面一张照片中，主色调是青色和白色。青色带来寒冷感，白色带来光线感。画面中间的主体人物衣服，后期调成了红橙色。","b":false,"xe":"In the photo below, the dominant tones are cyan and white. Cyan brings coldness; white brings the feeling of light. The clothing of the main figure in the middle of the frame was graded red-orange in post."},{"t":"p","x":"红橙和青绿形成了色相互补，而且和白色也形成了彩色和非彩色的对比，因此聚焦色在主色调背景中非常的醒目，起到了突出主体的作用。","b":false,"xe":"Red-orange and cyan-green form complementary hues, and also form a chromatic/achromatic contrast with the white — so the accent color is extremely eye-catching against the dominant-tone background, serving to highlight the subject."},{"t":"img","f":"img-17","w":1080,"h":733},{"t":"p","x":"聚焦色可以通过色相、饱和度、亮度的差异，来强化画面的兴趣点。","b":false,"xe":"An accent color can strengthen the frame's point of interest through differences in hue, saturation, and lightness."},{"t":"p","x":"下面这张照片中，聚焦色则是花朵的紫色，紫色的色相和较高的亮度，很好的突出了前景的兴趣点。","b":false,"xe":"In the photo below, the accent color is the purple of the flowers; the purple hue and relatively high brightness nicely highlight the foreground point of interest."},{"t":"img","f":"img-18","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"聚焦色因为作用在画面的关键元素上，因此也能对画面的情绪产生较大的影响。","b":false,"xe":"Because the accent color acts on key elements of the frame, it can also greatly influence the picture's emotion."},{"t":"h","x":"此时我们需要注意聚焦色带来的氛围，和主色调带来的情绪的互相配合。","xe":"At this point we need to pay attention to how the atmosphere brought by the accent color and the emotion brought by the dominant tone work together."},{"t":"p","x":"下面一副山川大河的照片，主色调是暗青色，打下了神秘魔幻的色彩基调。","b":false,"xe":"In the picture of mountains and a great river below, the dominant tone is dark cyan, laying down a mysterious, magical color foundation."},{"t":"p","x":"河面是画面中重要的兴趣点，起到引导线和透视线的作用，河流的聚焦色我选择了保持青色的色相，这样可以和主色调互相呼应。","b":false,"xe":"The river surface is an important point of interest in the frame, serving as a leading line and a perspective line. For the river's accent color I chose to keep the cyan hue, so it echoes the dominant tone."},{"t":"p","x":"但是河流的青色亮度较高，这样就可以吸引到观者足够的注意力。","b":false,"xe":"But the river's cyan has a relatively high brightness, so it can attract sufficient attention from viewers."},{"t":"img","f":"img-19","w":1067,"h":1600},{"t":"p","x":"阳光照射的远处山峰，是我这张照片的主体，山体的聚焦色我选择了紫红色。","b":false,"xe":"The distant peaks struck by sunlight are the subject of this photo; for the mountains' accent color I chose purple-red."},{"t":"p","x":"阳光后期渲染成紫红色、品红、红色、橙色、黄色、白色等等都看起来比较真实，所以是摄影师的思路和想法，决定了这里阳光的最终后期色彩。","b":false,"xe":"Sunlight rendered in post as purple-red, magenta, red, orange, yellow, white, and so on can all look fairly realistic — so it is the photographer's thinking and ideas that decide the final post-processing color of the sunlight here."},{"t":"p","x":"紫红色是在色轮上和青蓝色主色调最为接近的色相，这张照片，我并不想要很强烈的冷暖对比，而是更加和谐的色相配合，来强化画面的神秘感。","b":false,"xe":"Purple-red is the hue on the color wheel closest to the cyan-blue dominant tone. In this photo I did not want a strong warm-cool contrast, but a more harmonious pairing of hues, to strengthen the picture's sense of mystery."},{"t":"img","f":"img-20","w":1000,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"红色显得热烈，橙色更有冲击力，黄色比较欢快，而紫色色相带给人的感觉是高贵、神秘，因此也更加符合我想表达的气氛。","b":false,"xe":"Red feels fervent, orange more impactful, yellow rather cheerful, while the purple family gives a feeling of nobility and mystery — and therefore better matches the atmosphere I wanted to express."},{"t":"p","x":"紫红色的山体聚焦色，一方面突出了山体的视觉地位，同时也很好的配合了青色的主色调，给照片带来了强烈的世外秘境感。","b":false,"xe":"The purple-red accent color of the mountains highlights their visual status on one hand, while also cooperating well with the cyan dominant tone — bringing the photo a strong feeling of an otherworldly hidden realm."},{"t":"p","x":"需要注意的是，很多时候为了让画面更和谐，或者为了保留真实性，并不是所有的聚焦色都要和主色调反差明显。","b":false,"xe":"Note that very often, to make the picture more harmonious or to preserve authenticity, not every accent color needs to contrast sharply with the dominant tone."},{"t":"h","x":"很多时候聚焦色甚至和主色调一致，只需要和周边的色彩有一定反差即可。","xe":"Sometimes the accent color is even the same as the dominant tone — it only needs a certain contrast with its immediate surroundings."},{"t":"p","x":"下面一张照片的主色调是白色和青绿色，主体三只海鸥，保留的是与主色调一致的白色。","b":false,"xe":"The dominant tones of the photo below are white and cyan-green; the subjects — three seagulls — keep the same white as the dominant tone."},{"t":"p","x":"白色的海鸥更加真实，而且和周围的青绿色反差已经足够明显，与冰川的白色相呼应。并不需要多此一举的把海鸥给调成红色、黄色。","b":false,"xe":"White seagulls are more true to life, their contrast with the surrounding cyan-green is already obvious enough, and they echo the white of the glaciers. There is no need for the superfluous step of grading the seagulls red or yellow."},{"t":"img","f":"img-21","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"h","x":"聚焦色一方面要考虑突出兴趣点，另一方面也要考虑照片的整体色彩搭配和氛围营造。","xe":"An accent color must on one hand highlight the point of interest, and on the other hand also take into account the photo's overall color pairing and atmosphere-building."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面这张照片，如果人物聚焦色的颜色为青色。青色从整体的红色主色调中脱颖而出。但是人物的跳出感比较强。","b":false,"xe":"For example, in the photo below, if the figure's accent color were cyan, the cyan would stand out from the overall red dominant tone — but the figure's sense of popping out would be rather strong."},{"t":"img","f":"img-22","w":1080,"h":586},{"t":"p","x":"人物的聚焦色设置为和主色调一致的红色，此时人物和环境互相呼应，更有一种人物融入环境中，天人合一的广阔感。","b":false,"xe":"Set the figure's accent color to the same red as the dominant tone, and now figure and environment echo each other — giving an even greater sense of the person merging into the environment, a vastness of unity between man and nature."},{"t":"img","f":"img-23","w":1080,"h":586},{"t":"h","x":"3. 辅助色","xe":"3. Supporting Colors"},{"t":"p","x":"主色调占据画面的大部分面积，聚焦色服务于画面的核心兴趣点，两者共同控制了画面的氛围。","b":false,"xe":"The dominant tone occupies most of the frame's area, the accent color serves the core point of interest — together they control the picture's atmosphere."},{"t":"p","x":"但很多照片如果只有主色调和聚焦色，无疑会显得比较单调。因此我们还需要辅助色来点缀、平衡和丰富画面。","b":false,"xe":"But many photos with only a dominant tone and an accent color would undoubtedly look rather monotonous. So we also need supporting colors to embellish, balance, and enrich the picture."},{"t":"p","x":"下面一张照片，灰色是主色调，让照片有一种世界尽头的寂静感。但是我仍然保留了房屋淡淡的粉色、橙色、蓝色，这样画面会更加真实丰富。","b":false,"xe":"In the photo below, gray is the dominant tone, giving the photo a sense of silence at the end of the world. But I still kept the houses' faint pink, orange, and blue — this makes the picture more real and rich."},{"t":"img","f":"img-24","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"如果我们去掉画面中的辅助色，照片就会失去很多趣味性和真实感。","b":false,"xe":"If we remove the supporting colors from the frame, the photo loses much of its interest and sense of reality."},{"t":"img","f":"img-25","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"下面这张照片也是同理，虽然主色调是蓝色和黄色。但是画面远处一些红色、青色的灯光，我并没有统一成主色调，而是保留了这种色彩的丰富性。","b":false,"xe":"The same logic applies to the photo below: although the dominant tones are blue and yellow, I did not unify the red and cyan lights in the distance into the dominant tone — I preserved this richness of color."},{"t":"img","f":"img-26","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"另外照片不同于美术设计，并不是所有的物体都可以自由安排颜色。","b":false,"xe":"Also, photography differs from fine-art design: not every object's color can be freely arranged."},{"t":"p","x":"除非是特别的主题，否则把皮肤调成蓝色，草莓调成紫色，阳光调成绿色，都会产生强烈的违和感。","b":false,"xe":"Unless it is a special theme, grading skin blue, strawberries purple, or sunlight green will all produce a strong sense of incongruity."},{"t":"p","x":"因此辅助色在照片中，还可以起到恢复真实颜色的作用。","b":false,"xe":"Therefore supporting colors in a photo can also serve the function of restoring true-to-life colors."},{"t":"p","x":"例如下面一张照片中，主色调是背景的青色，聚焦色是山峰的金色、小花的黄色，而辅助色是灌木的绿色。","b":false,"xe":"In the photo below, for example, the dominant tone is the background cyan; the accent colors are the gold of the peaks and the yellow of the small flowers; and the supporting color is the green of the shrubs."},{"t":"p","x":"灌木的绿色中虽然添加了一些青色调，但没有完全调成和天空主色调一样的蓝青色，否则会显得不太真实。","b":false,"xe":"Although some cyan was mixed into the shrubs' green, it was not fully graded to the same blue-cyan as the sky's dominant tone — otherwise it would look less real."},{"t":"img","f":"img-27","w":1080,"h":721},{"t":"p","x":"照片的后期调色，核心是要配合主题的表达或者情绪的传达。","b":false,"xe":"The core of color grading in post is to cooperate with the expression of the theme or the conveyance of emotion."},{"t":"p","x":"不同的调色风格，比如魔幻风、极简风、Ins绿、赛博朋克等等，看似是主色调和辅助色搭配的不同。","b":false,"xe":"Different grading styles — magical style, minimalist style, Instagram green, cyberpunk, and so on — appear to be different pairings of dominant and supporting colors."},{"t":"p","x":"但其实这些不同调色风格的照片，拍摄光线、拍摄主题以及表达情绪都完全不一样。","b":false,"xe":"But in fact, photos of these different grading styles differ completely in shooting light, subject matter, and the emotion expressed."},{"t":"img","f":"img-28","w":1067,"h":1600},{"t":"p","x":"我们需要根据环境的特点和照片的表达需要，去选择最合适的主色调来烘托气氛，并结合聚焦色突出一些兴趣点和强化情绪，再搭配上适量的辅助色来点缀画面。","b":true,"xe":"We need to choose the most suitable dominant tone to set off the atmosphere according to the environment's characteristics and the photo's expressive needs; combine it with accent colors to highlight points of interest and strengthen emotion; and then add a moderate amount of supporting colors to embellish the frame."},{"t":"p","x":"这样一张照片中的色彩就能各司其职，和谐共存，产生优秀的视觉效果。","b":false,"xe":"In this way, each color in a photo can perform its own duty and coexist in harmony, producing an excellent visual effect."},{"t":"img","f":"img-29","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"本文内容节选改编自书籍《风光摄影后期基础》。","b":false,"xe":"The content of this article is excerpted and adapted from the book \"The Fundamentals of Landscape Photography Post-Processing\" (《风光摄影后期基础》)."},{"t":"h","x":"欢迎关注托马斯的旅行与摄影攻略","xe":"Follow Thomas for more travel and photography guides"}],"titleEn":"Color Grading Talk: Three Key Colors That Build Photographic Mood"}