{"slug":"color-management","title":"拒绝偏色！摄影后期色彩管理流程与要点解析！","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2020-11-29","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247492283&idx=1&sn=2c53a404bebf62362314302951917fd0&chksm=eb821cdfdcf595c92105f879bbf8cfb5994d9317e011748a8dea8efce6cdf7eb3649b6737a6e&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"色彩的准确显示是后期调色的前提，否则辛辛苦苦修的大片，有可能在打印出来后，或者在其他显示器上一看就变得惨不忍睹。","xe":"Accurate color display is the foundation of post-processing. Otherwise, a masterpiece you spent hours editing can look awful once printed or viewed on another monitor."},{"t":"p","x":"经常有同学问我这些问题：","xe":"Students often ask me questions like these:"},{"t":"p","x":"1. 花大价钱买了广色域专业修图显示器，为什么所有照片都看起来过饱和，效果还不如普通显示器？","xe":"1. I spent a fortune on a wide-gamut professional editing monitor — why does every photo look oversaturated, even worse than on a regular display?"},{"t":"p","x":"2. 为什么我的手机和电脑看同一张照片色彩不一样，应该以哪个为准？","xe":"2. Why does the same photo look different on my phone and my computer? Which one should I trust?"},{"t":"p","x":"3. 为什么我在PS里修好的照片，用浏览器或者系统看图软件一打开就变色了？","xe":"3. Why does a photo I finished in Photoshop shift colors the moment I open it in a browser or the system viewer?"},{"t":"p","x":"这些问题其实都和色彩管理相关~","xe":"All of these problems come down to color management."},{"t":"p","x":"今天，托马斯就会深入浅出的和大家分享：摄影后期色彩管理的基础流程和关键要点！","xe":"Today, Thomas will walk you through the essential color management workflow and its key points — in plain, accessible terms!"},{"t":"h","x":"视频教程","xe":"Video Tutorial"},{"t":"bili","bv":"BV1L541157U4","bt":"拒绝偏色！摄影后期色彩管理流程与要点解析！","bpic":"bili-1"},{"t":"p","x":"这一篇是上面视频的图文整理。为什么照片在笔记本、台式机和手机上颜色各不相同？为什么 PS 里修好的图一用浏览器打开就变色？这些全是色彩管理的问题。Thomas 用 25 分钟把校色、ICC 配置文件、色域转换与输出流程讲透，本文整理成四个章节，所有设置页与演示截图一并收录。","xe":"This is the illustrated companion to the video above. Why does one photo look different on a laptop, a desktop and a phone? Why does an image finished in Photoshop shift the moment it opens in a browser? All of it comes down to color management. In 25 minutes Thomas covers calibration, ICC profiles, gamut conversion and output — reorganized here into four chapters with every settings page and demo screenshot.","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v01","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"01 色域与差异的来源","xe":"01 Color Gamuts and Where Differences Come From"},{"t":"p","x":"色彩管理的目的是让不同设备保持相对统一的色彩表现，流程分三步：设备校准（Challenges）、特征化（Characterization，生成 ICC 配置文件）与色彩转换（Conversion）。差异的第一个来源就是色彩管理和转换的混乱——解法是用带色彩管理的软件看图修图，并严格遵循转换流程（视频 2:34 处）。","xe":"Color management aims at consistent color across devices, in three steps: calibration, characterization (building ICC profiles) and conversion. The first source of difference is messy management and conversion — the cure is color-managed software for viewing and editing, plus a strictly followed conversion workflow (at 2:34 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v02","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"混乱的根源在色域：CMYK 服务于传统印刷，sRGB 是显示器、网络与打印机的通用语言，Adobe RGB 用于广色域修图屏与艺术微喷，而 ProPhoto RGB 是 ACR 和 Lightroom 的默认工作空间，最接近 Raw 文件记录的全部色彩。如果你的全流程都是 sRGB，基本不会遇到色彩差异；一旦买了广色域显示器、引入 Adobe RGB，问题就来了（视频 3:16 处）。","xe":"The root is gamuts: CMYK serves traditional printing, sRGB is the common language of monitors, the web and printers, Adobe RGB serves wide-gamut editing displays and fine-art printing, and ProPhoto RGB — ACR and Lightroom's default workspace — comes closest to all the color a Raw file records. An all-sRGB pipeline rarely sees differences; problems begin when a wide-gamut display and Adobe RGB enter the chain (at 3:16 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v03","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"一张图要正确显示，要经过图片、软件、系统再到显示器好几关：图片最好内嵌 ICC 配置文件；软件尽量选 Adobe 系（PS、Bridge、Lightroom 都支持色彩管理），Win10 默认的「照片」不支持，可用 Honeyview 替代，浏览器用 Chrome；系统颜色管理里则要把默认配置文件改成校色后的显示器配置文件——否则系统会一直以为你的屏是 sRGB（视频 5:20 处）。","xe":"A picture passes through file, software, system and display before it looks right: embed an ICC profile in the file; choose color-managed software — Adobe apps (PS, Bridge, Lightroom) all support it, Win10's default Photos app does not (use Honeyview instead) and prefer Chrome over IE; and in the system's color management panel, set the display profile to your calibrated monitor's ICC — otherwise Windows keeps assuming sRGB (at 5:20 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v04","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"02 校色：让屏幕回到标准","xe":"02 Calibration: Bringing the Screen Back to Standard"},{"t":"p","x":"差异的第二个来源是设备特性：同批面板都有个体差异，屏幕会老化衰减，连环境灯光都会干扰修图。解法是用专业校色仪定期校色——主流品牌是 Datacolor（红蜘蛛）和爱色丽，买一台上千元，普通用户在淘宝几十块租一次也很划算；屏幕不断老化，建议最长每半年校一次，推荐设置 Gamma 2.2、白点 6500K、亮度 120（视频 10:27 处）。","xe":"The second source is device character: even panels from the same batch differ, screens age and drift, and room lighting interferes. Calibrate regularly with a colorimeter — Datacolor (Spyder) and X-Rite lead the market; a unit costs 1,000+ yuan, but renting one online for tens of yuan works for most people. Recalibrate at least every six months, with Gamma 2.2, white point 6500K and brightness 120 as the recommended targets (at 10:27 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v05","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v06","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"校色流程：装好厂商软件，让显示器预热、避免强光直射、恢复默认设置，然后把校色仪挂在屏幕上，软件会自动切换色块完成校准，并把新的 ICC 配置文件加载进系统。校色后画面亮度和色彩都会变化——暖色调看起来偏暖一点点是正常的，因为校准后的白点对齐了打印纸的观感，色彩层次也更细腻（视频 14:53 处）。","xe":"The calibration flow: install the vendor software, warm up the display, avoid direct glare, reset to factory settings, hang the colorimeter on screen, and the software sweeps through color patches automatically, then loads the new ICC profile into the system. After calibration brightness and color shift — warm tones looking slightly warm is normal, because the white point now matches printed paper, and gradations grow finer (at 14:53 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v07","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"03 ACR 与 PS 的色彩设置","xe":"03 Color Settings in ACR and Photoshop"},{"t":"p","x":"Raw 文件在 ACR/Lightroom 中一律被映射到 ProPhoto RGB，这不可更改；能改的是「输出到 PS」时的设置——建议 ProPhoto RGB、16 位通道，最大保留 Raw 的色彩信息。前提是你的显示器经过校色；如果完全没做色彩管理，那就所有地方——从 Camera Raw 到 PS 再到输出——一律 sRGB，这是最保险的方案（视频 16:53 处）。","xe":"Raw files are always mapped to ProPhoto RGB inside ACR/Lightroom — fixed; what you can change is the handoff to Photoshop: choose ProPhoto RGB, 16-bit, keeping the maximum of the Raw data. The premise is a calibrated display; with no color management at all, keep everything sRGB — Camera Raw, Photoshop, output — the safest pipeline (at 16:53 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v08","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"重装 PS 后第一件事是打开「编辑-颜色设置」：工作空间按上面原则选 ProPhoto RGB（或 sRGB），灰色选 Gamma 2.2；色彩管理方案选「保留嵌入的配置文件」，并勾上「打开时询问」——只看图就保留原配置文件，要继续后期就转换到工作空间；转换引擎用 Adobe（ACE），广色域屏可选「可感知」，下面三个勾都勾上（视频 18:30 处）。","xe":"After reinstalling Photoshop, first open Edit > Color Settings: workspace per the rules above — ProPhoto RGB (or sRGB), gray Gamma 2.2; color management policies set to Preserve Embedded Profiles with 'Ask When Opening' checked — keep the profile for viewing, convert to working space for editing; conversion engine Adobe (ACE), Perceptual intent for wide-gamut screens, and tick all three bottom boxes (at 18:30 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v09","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"04 输出：网络转 sRGB，打印转 Adobe RGB","xe":"04 Output: sRGB for Web, Adobe RGB for Print"},{"t":"p","x":"没有任何显示或打印设备支持 ProPhoto，所以输出必须转换。调整完先存一份 ProPhoto RGB 的 PSD 工作文件，保留图层和配置文件，方便日后回来再改；网络输出则用「存储为 Web 所用格式」：勾选嵌入颜色配置文件、转换为 sRGB，品质 60 以上，长边 1600-2000 像素，这样别人在浏览器里才能看到正确的颜色（视频 20:12 处）。","xe":"No display or printer understands ProPhoto, so output requires conversion. First save a ProPhoto RGB PSD working file with layers and profile for future edits; for the web use Save for Web: embed the color profile, convert to sRGB, quality 60+, long edge 1600-2000 px — only then do browsers show your colors correctly (at 20:12 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v10","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"送艺术微喷打印则把文件转成 Adobe RGB：先「编辑-转换为配置文件」转到 Adobe RGB 并拼合图像，再存成保留配置文件和 16 位深度的 TIFF——打印工作室就能实现更好的出片效果。总结成四句话：显示器一定校色、校色文件挂进系统、用有色彩管理的软件看图、ACR 与 PS 里正确设置色彩空间，输出再按用途转换（视频 22:45 处）。","xe":"For fine-art printing, convert to Adobe RGB: Edit > Convert to Profile, flatten, then save a TIFF that keeps the profile and 16-bit depth so the print studio can deliver the best result. In four lines: always calibrate your display, load its profile into the system, view photos in color-managed software, set color spaces correctly in ACR and PS — and convert at output per the destination (at 22:45 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v11","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 没有色彩管理就全流程 sRGB——从 Camera Raw 到 PS 再到输出，最保险；2. 做色彩管理就 ProPhoto RGB 16 位干活，输出时再转：网络 sRGB、打印 Adobe RGB，并始终勾选嵌入配置文件；3. 显示器必校色，Gamma 2.2、6500K、亮度 120，最长半年一次；4. 只用有色彩管理的软件看图，系统里挂上校色后的 ICC 配置文件。","xe":"1. Without color management, keep everything sRGB — Camera Raw, Photoshop, output — the safest pipeline; 2. With color management, work in ProPhoto RGB 16-bit and convert at output: sRGB for the web, Adobe RGB for print, always embedding the profile; 3. Always calibrate your display — Gamma 2.2, 6500K, brightness 120, at least every six months; 4. View photos only in color-managed software, and load the calibrated ICC profile into your system."},{"t":"h","x":"教程要点PPT","xe":"Key Points PPT"},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":1080,"h":689},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":1080,"h":777},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":1080,"h":798},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":756,"h":1890},{"t":"h","x":"欢迎关注托马斯的旅行与摄影攻略","xe":"Follow Thomas for travel & photography tips"}],"titleEn":"Say No to Color Casts: Color Management Workflow & Key Points for Photo Editing"}