{"slug":"contrast-conflict-secret","title":"好照片的秘诀 - 对比和冲突","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2017-04-02","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247485316&idx=1&sn=71e5ab8ce5a84bf40426407aae0ced3e&chksm=eb81f9e0dcf670f64e5ac433104b8b1f8b1f42b7130594dd90a1b90e87f053a00fa580a0a3ab&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"平铺直叙的故事是乏味的。一部好的小说、电影，大多充满了起伏和转折。","b":false,"xe":"A plain, straightforward story is boring. A good novel or film is mostly full of ups, downs, and twists."},{"t":"p","x":"类似的，一幅好的摄影作品里，通常也包含着各种各样的对比和冲突。","b":false,"xe":"Similarly, a good photographic work usually contains all kinds of contrast and conflict."},{"t":"p","x":"没有形式上的对比，照片缺少吸引观者的兴趣点，显得画面乏味。没有内涵上的冲突，照片难以引发读者的思考，让人过目即忘。","b":false,"xe":"Without contrast in form, a photo lacks points of interest for the viewer and feels dull. Without conflict in meaning, a photo fails to provoke thought and is forgotten at a glance."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1000,"h":668},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"形式和内涵两种对比","xe":"Two Kinds of Contrast: Form and Meaning"},{"t":"p","x":"我们提到对比和冲突的时候，其实指的是两种情况，一种是形式上、也就是画面上的对比，比如大小、明暗、冷暖等等。另外一种是内涵上的对比，比如战争与和平，人类与自然，悲伤和喜悦等等。","b":false,"xe":"When we talk about contrast and conflict, we actually mean two situations. One is contrast in form — that is, within the picture — such as big vs. small, light vs. dark, warm vs. cool. The other is contrast in meaning, such as war and peace, humanity and nature, sorrow and joy."},{"t":"p","x":"形式上的对比，让画面充满了表现力，吸引读者的目光。","b":false,"xe":"Contrast in form fills the picture with expressive power and catches the viewer's eye."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面这张风光摄影师Max Rive的照片，画面左侧的冷色和暗调，与画面右方的暖色和亮调，形成了强烈的对比。画面中明暗冷暖的冲突，不仅展现了一幅波澜壮阔的全景画面，还牢牢的抓住的读者的眼球，让人惊叹不已。","b":false,"xe":"Take this photo by landscape photographer Max Rive, for example: the cool, dark tones on the left side of the frame form a strong contrast with the warm, bright tones on the right. The conflict of light and dark, warm and cool not only presents a magnificent panoramic scene, but firmly grips the viewer's eyes, leaving them in awe."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":1000,"h":540},{"t":"p","x":"作者 Max Rive，maxrive.tuchong.com","b":false,"xe":"Author: Max Rive, maxrive.tuchong.com"},{"t":"p","x":"而内涵上的对比，则让照片充满了戏剧张力，引起观者的思考。","b":false,"xe":"Contrast in meaning, on the other hand, fills a photo with dramatic tension and provokes the viewer's thinking."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面这张著名摄影师马克吕布的代表作，更多的运用了内涵的对比。","b":false,"xe":"For example, this signature work by the famous photographer Marc Riboud relies more on contrasts of meaning."},{"t":"p","x":"鲜花与钢枪，男人和女人，军队和平民，少数对多数。。。这一个个充满象征意味的符号，带给观者心灵深深的震撼，让人们反思自由与强权，战争与和平，政府与民意的关系。","b":false,"xe":"Flowers and bayonets, women and men, soldiers and civilians, the few against the many... These symbolic icons one after another deeply shake the viewer's soul, prompting reflection on freedom and power, war and peace, government and the will of the people."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":1000,"h":667},{"t":"p","x":"作者 Marc Riboud","b":false,"xe":"Author: Marc Riboud"},{"t":"p","x":"很多的好照片更是两者兼备，比如Max Rive的这张经典作品，画面中冷暖、明暗、大小的形式冲突，大大提高了画面的表现力。而其中表现的人类与自然的内涵对比，更加强化了照片的震撼程度。","b":false,"xe":"Many great photos possess both. In this classic work by Max Rive, for instance, the formal conflicts of warm/cool, light/dark, and big/small greatly enhance the picture's expressiveness, while the underlying contrast between humanity and nature intensifies the shock even further."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":1000,"h":745},{"t":"p","x":"作者 Max Rive，maxrive.tuchong.com","b":false,"xe":"Author: Max Rive, maxrive.tuchong.com"},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"照片中的常见对比","xe":"Common Contrasts in Photos"},{"t":"p","x":"在前期构图和后期处理时，如果我们在画面中找到并强化各种对比，就能让照片的表现力大大增强。","b":false,"xe":"When composing in the field and processing in post, if we can find and strengthen various contrasts in the frame, the photo's expressive power will be greatly enhanced."},{"t":"p","x":"要找到对比非常的简单，只需要寻找照片中的各种反义词就可以了。形式上的反义词有明暗、冷暖、大小、动静、黑白、软硬、清晰模糊、多少、方圆等等，内涵上的反义词或者对比词就更多了，古代与现代，人工与自然，迷茫与希望。。。","b":false,"xe":"Finding contrast is very simple: just look for all kinds of antonyms in the photo. Antonyms of form include light/dark, warm/cool, big/small, motion/stillness, black/white, hard/soft, sharp/blurry, many/few, square/round, and so on. Antonyms or contrasts of meaning are even more numerous: ancient and modern, artificial and natural, confusion and hope..."},{"t":"p","x":"下面一张照片，主要是冷色和暖色的对比。前景偏黄，背景偏蓝，两种对比色，很容易的拉开了前后景的距离，增加了画面的层次感。","b":false,"xe":"The photo below is mainly about the contrast between cool and warm colors. The foreground leans yellow and the background leans blue; these two opposing colors easily pull the foreground and background apart, adding a sense of layering to the image."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":1000,"h":664},{"t":"p","x":"下面一张照片，主要则是明亮和黑暗的冲突。渔夫几乎全黑的剪影，在明亮的江面背景下，显得十分的吸引眼球。","b":false,"xe":"The next photo is mainly about the conflict between brightness and darkness. The almost fully black silhouette of the fisherman stands out strikingly against the bright river surface."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1000,"h":633},{"t":"p","x":"下面这张伦敦的照片，既有冷暖明暗的对比，又有动态和静态的冲突。长曝光记录下的游船轨迹，让一张原本静态的照片，显得更加动感有冲击力。","b":false,"xe":"This photo of London below has both the contrast of warm/cool and light/dark, and the conflict of motion and stillness. The boat trails recorded by the long exposure make an originally static photo feel dynamic and impactful."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":1000,"h":664},{"t":"p","x":"下面这张缅甸蒲甘的照片，画面中除了暖色和冷色、清晰与模糊的对比，还有古代和现代的冲突。一个满载观光游客的热气球，从无数历经千年风雨的佛塔上方飘过，给画面带来了更多的想象空间。","b":false,"xe":"In this photo of Bagan, Myanmar below, besides the contrasts of warm/cool and sharp/blurry, there is also the conflict of ancient and modern. A hot-air balloon full of sightseeing tourists drifts above countless pagodas that have withstood a thousand years of wind and rain, adding more room for imagination to the picture."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":1000,"h":707},{"t":"p","x":"一张照片中常常不止一种对比和冲突。比如下面一张照片中，我同时取入了明与暗，高饱和与低饱和，多细节与少细节，正脸和侧脸等等多种对比，才让一张大众景点吴哥窟的照片，显得更有趣味。","b":false,"xe":"A photo often contains more than one kind of contrast and conflict. In the photo below, for example, I simultaneously captured light and dark, high and low saturation, rich and sparse detail, frontal and profile faces — it is these many contrasts that make a photo of Angkor Wat, a heavily photographed location, more interesting."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":752,"h":1000},{"t":"h","x":"3","xe":"3"},{"t":"h","x":"提炼生活中的对比","xe":"Extracting Contrast from Life"},{"t":"p","x":"生活中处处充满了对比，而我们前期构图的目的之一，就是要提炼出这些有趣的对比。在后期的时候，我们也需要通过加深减淡、调整色彩等手段，进一步强化和表现画面中的冲突。","b":false,"xe":"Life is full of contrast everywhere, and one purpose of our composition in the field is to distill these interesting contrasts. In post-processing, we also need to further strengthen and express the conflicts in the image through dodging and burning, color adjustments, and other means."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面这张照片，如果这样构图的话，画面中的对比冲突就不够明显。","b":false,"xe":"For example, in the photo below, if composed this way, the contrast and conflict in the frame would not be obvious enough."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1000,"h":664},{"t":"p","x":"因此我使用长焦焦段，把画面聚焦到小船和火山上，用船的渺小来突出背景火山的高大。同时后期压暗山体和树林的细节，只凸显出小船和山顶积雪、云层的亮度，用明暗的对比突出了主体。","b":false,"xe":"So I used a telephoto focal length to focus the frame on the small boat and the volcano, using the boat's tininess to emphasize the volcano's towering background. At the same time, in post I darkened the details of the mountainside and forest, highlighting only the brightness of the boat, the snow on the summit, and the clouds — using the contrast of light and dark to make the subject stand out."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":750,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"下面一张照片，是我拍摄的花瓣上的两只蜘蛛。如果就这样构图的话，画面中就缺少一些冲突，显得比较平淡。","b":false,"xe":"The photo below shows two spiders on a flower petal that I photographed. If composed as-is, the frame would lack conflict and appear rather flat."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":1000,"h":786},{"t":"p","x":"而我最后使用对角线构图，把原本在同一高度上的两只蜘蛛，给拍成了一上一下的状态。","b":false,"xe":"In the end I used a diagonal composition, photographing the two spiders — originally at the same height — as one above and one below."},{"t":"p","x":"上面的蜘蛛，张牙舞爪，好像随时准备开始进攻。下面的蜘蛛，摆开阵势，仿佛准备好了防御。","b":false,"xe":"The upper spider bares its fangs and brandishes its claws, as if ready to attack at any moment. The lower spider spreads its stance, as if prepared to defend."},{"t":"p","x":"一上一下，一攻一守，画面中有了一些冲突和对比，也就显得更加有趣了。","b":false,"xe":"One above and one below, one attacking and one defending — with some conflict and contrast in the frame, the photo becomes much more interesting."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":1000,"h":893},{"t":"h","x":"总结","xe":"Summary"},{"t":"h","x":"1. 一幅好的摄影作品里，通常包含着各种各样的对比和冲突。","xe":"1. A good photographic work usually contains all kinds of contrast and conflict."},{"t":"p","x":"2. 对比和冲突，一种是形式上、也就是画面上的对比，比如大小、明暗、冷暖。另外一种是内涵上的对比，比如战争与和平，人类与自然，悲伤和喜悦。","b":true,"xe":"2. Contrast and conflict come in two kinds: contrast in form — within the picture — such as big/small, light/dark, warm/cool; and contrast in meaning, such as war and peace, humanity and nature, sorrow and joy."},{"t":"h","x":"3. 生活中处处有对比和冲突，发现冲突，提炼冲突，表达冲突，是拍出好照片的秘诀之一。","xe":"3. Contrast and conflict are everywhere in life. Discovering conflict, distilling conflict, and expressing conflict is one of the secrets to making good photos."},{"t":"p","x":"欢迎关注@Thomas看看世界，每周学会一个摄影技能。","b":false,"xe":"Follow @Thomas Chu Photo, and learn one photography skill every week."},{"t":"p","x":"本文知识点，节选自我的线上课程《摄影构图：美，也有方法论》。","b":false,"xe":"The knowledge points in this article are excerpted from my online course \"Photographic Composition: Beauty Has a Methodology\" (《摄影构图：美，也有方法论》)."}],"titleEn":"The Secret of Great Photos: Contrast and Conflict"}