{"slug":"dehaze-photo-steps","title":"去除照片雾霾，需要这几步","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2016-08-14","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247484184&idx=1&sn=0cfc13575d9fea2f101f87fe1b3b6810&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"上周的《消除雾霾，让照片更通透》讲了通透照片的6大要素。本周托马斯就将通过例子，演示如何通过对这6点要素的分析，对症下药，去除照片的雾霾感。","b":false,"xe":"Last week's \"Remove Haze for Clearer Photos\" covered the 6 essential elements of a clear photo. This week, Thomas demonstrates with an example how to analyze those 6 elements and prescribe the right fix to dehaze a photo."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":640,"h":425},{"t":"p","x":"首先复习一下，我们说一张照片不够通透，其实有两层意思：一是照片发灰，二是照片发闷。发灰，其实就是指照片的色彩不够纯净，不够饱和，杂色偏色太多。发闷，其实就是说照片的影调太黯淡，表现为主体不够清晰，细节不够丰富，对比度不足等等。","b":false,"xe":"First, a review: when we say a photo lacks clarity, we really mean two things — it looks gray, and it looks dull. Gray means impure, undersaturated colors with too many stray casts; dull means murky tones — an indistinct subject, poor detail, insufficient contrast."},{"t":"p","x":"所以我们要去除照片的雾霾感，需要做到以下6点：","b":false,"xe":"To remove the haze from a photo, we need these 6 things:"},{"t":"p","x":"1）细节丰富","b":false,"xe":"1) Rich detail"},{"t":"p","x":"2）对比度和黑白场足够","b":false,"xe":"2) Sufficient contrast and black-and-white points"},{"t":"p","x":"3）主体清晰","b":false,"xe":"3) A crisp subject"},{"t":"p","x":"4）白平衡准确","b":false,"xe":"4) Accurate white balance"},{"t":"p","x":"5）色彩纯净没有杂色","b":false,"xe":"5) Pure colors free of casts"},{"t":"p","x":"6）饱和度合理","b":false,"xe":"6) Sensible saturation"},{"t":"p","x":"接下来，托马斯就将以这张隔着缆车毛玻璃拍摄，而非常不通透的照片为例，一步步去除照片的雾霾感。","b":false,"xe":"Next, Thomas will use this very unclear photo — shot through the frosted glass of a cable car — and remove its haze step by step."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":640,"h":425},{"t":"h","x":"1. 基础矫正","xe":"1. Basic Corrections"},{"t":"p","x":"基础矫正，就是对相机和镜头的色偏、透视、暗角等等进行矫正，是后期处理的第一步。","b":false,"xe":"Basic corrections fix the camera and lens's color casts, perspective, vignetting, and so on — the first step of post-processing."},{"t":"p","x":"首先在相机校准里把配置文件改为“Camera Landscape”（风光模式），该模式会给我们一个适合风光照片的对比度和原色标准，有利于我们进一步调整。","b":false,"xe":"First, in Camera Calibration, change the profile to \"Camera Landscape.\" This gives us a contrast and primary-color standard suited to landscape photos, helping further adjustments."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":640,"h":352},{"t":"p","x":"原片拍摄时并不水平，城堡倾斜，所以要在ACR的变换面板里，对照片进行旋转。之后我们对照片进行裁剪，裁掉缆车窗框的干扰，以及多余的天空和森林。","b":false,"xe":"The raw frame isn't level — the castle tilts — so rotate the photo in ACR's Transform panel. Then crop out the cable-car window frame and the excess sky and forest."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":640,"h":433},{"t":"p","x":"接着我们会运用Lightroom/ACR中的一个“黑科技”，那就是效果面板下的“去除薄雾”滑块。（有的地方这个Dehaze滑块也被直接翻译为“去雾霾”，这是一个比较新的工具，如果没有的话需要更新你的Lightroom/Adobe Camera Raw版本啦）","b":false,"xe":"Next comes a bit of \"black magic\" in Lightroom/ACR: the Dehaze slider in the Effects panel. (It's a relatively new tool — update your Lightroom/Adobe Camera Raw if you don't see it.)"},{"t":"p","x":"去除薄雾工具其实也是对我们讨论过的饱和度、对比度、清晰度等等进行调整，往左滑可以加雾霾，往右滑可以去雾霾。与我们直接调整照片的各项参数不同，去除薄雾工具背后的算法会重点关照照片中有雾霾、比较灰的地方，保护已经很清楚的地方，有一定的智能。","b":false,"xe":"Dehaze actually adjusts the saturation, contrast, and clarity we've been discussing — slide left to add haze, right to remove it. Unlike directly adjusting each parameter, its algorithm focuses on the hazy, gray areas while protecting already-clear parts. It has some intelligence."},{"t":"p","x":"所以对不通透的照片，我们可以一开始就用去除薄雾工具进行初步的去霾，之后再进一步优化。这里我把去除薄雾的数量提高到+40。","b":false,"xe":"So for an unclear photo, we can start with Dehaze for an initial pass, then refine further. Here I pushed Dehaze to +40."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":640,"h":348},{"t":"h","x":"2. 影调调整","xe":"2. Tonal Adjustments"},{"t":"p","x":"影调调整对应了通透6要素中的前三个：","b":false,"xe":"Tonal adjustments cover the first three of the 6 clarity elements:"},{"t":"p","x":"1）细节丰富","b":false,"xe":"1) Rich detail"},{"t":"p","x":"2）对比度和黑白场足够","b":false,"xe":"2) Sufficient contrast and black-and-white points"},{"t":"p","x":"3）主体清晰","b":false,"xe":"3) A crisp subject"},{"t":"p","x":"我们先要找回照片高光和阴影中的细节。这里我把高光-100，阴影+100，照片中很多原来过亮或者过暗而不清楚的细节就找回来了。","b":false,"xe":"First, recover detail in the highlights and shadows. Here I set Highlights -100 and Shadows +100, bringing back much of the detail lost to over- and underexposure."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":640,"h":350},{"t":"p","x":"对比度和黑白场足够的照片才会显得通透。所以这里对比度+20，让照片的反差更加明显，同时黑色-60，让照片中最暗的部分成为纯黑色。当照片最暗的地方仍然是深灰色的时候，一般我们就会感觉照片蒙了一层雾霾一般。 只有照片中黑色的地方足够黑，白色的地方足够白，这种雾霾感才会消失。","b":false,"xe":"A photo needs sufficient contrast and black-and-white points to feel clear. So Contrast +20 makes separation more obvious, while Blacks -60 drives the darkest areas to true black. When the darkest part of a photo is still dark gray, it feels veiled in haze; only when blacks are truly black and whites truly white does that haze disappear."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":640,"h":341},{"t":"p","x":"天空和远山因为亮度过高，有点雾蒙蒙的感觉。这种感觉虽然让照片显得比较有层次，但是也让我们觉得照片不够通透。所以我用一个渐变滤镜，曝光-0.5，高光-100，从上往下拉覆盖住天空和远山部分，降低了远处的曝光，让雪山和天空的细节更清晰。","b":false,"xe":"The sky and distant mountains were too bright and looked foggy. That adds a sense of layering, but also reduces clarity. So I dragged a Graduated Filter from top down over the sky and far mountains with Exposure -0.5 and Highlights -100, lowering exposure in the distance and making the snow mountain and sky detail clearer."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":640,"h":351},{"t":"p","x":"通透的照片应该是清晰的，特别是主体要清晰。我把清晰度提高到+8，先小幅提高照片整体的清晰程度。","b":false,"xe":"A clear photo should be crisp, especially the subject. I raised Clarity to +8 for a small overall boost first."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":640,"h":344},{"t":"p","x":"之后用一个径向滤镜，单独选出我们的主体 - 新天鹅城堡 的周边，进一步把清晰度提高+25，让主体清晰突出。","b":false,"xe":"Then with a Radial Filter I isolated the area around our subject — Neuschwanstein Castle — and pushed Clarity a further +25, making the subject crisp and prominent."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":640,"h":355},{"t":"p","x":"经过ACR中对照片影调的基础调节，照片明显改观，但是色彩上还不够通透。接下来我要在Photoshop中进一步调整照片的色彩。","b":false,"xe":"After these tonal adjustments in ACR, the photo is clearly improved, but the colors still aren't clear enough. Next, I'll adjust the colors in Photoshop."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":640,"h":433},{"t":"h","x":"3. 色调调整","xe":"3. Color Adjustments"},{"t":"p","x":"色调调整对应了通透6要素中的后三个：","b":false,"xe":"Color adjustments cover the last three of the 6 clarity elements:"},{"t":"p","x":"4）白平衡准确","b":false,"xe":"4) Accurate white balance"},{"t":"p","x":"5）色彩纯净没有杂色","b":false,"xe":"5) Pure colors free of casts"},{"t":"p","x":"6）饱和度合理","b":false,"xe":"6) Sensible saturation"},{"t":"p","x":"首先照片的基准色调，也就是白平衡一定要准确。否则照片所有物体都会像是盖了一层蓝雾（白平衡偏蓝）或者黄雾（白平衡偏黄）一般。这张照片白平衡准确，无需纠正。","b":false,"xe":"First, the photo's base color — the white balance — must be accurate, or everything looks veiled in blue fog (too blue) or yellow fog (too yellow). This photo's white balance is accurate, so no correction needed."},{"t":"p","x":"之后我们要用可选颜色工具，让照片中各个物体的色彩更加纯净，也就是天要蓝，云要白，树要绿，草要青等等。我们先对天空进行调整。","b":false,"xe":"Next, use the Selective Color tool to purify each object's color — the sky should be blue, clouds white, trees green, grass teal. We start with the sky."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":640,"h":433},{"t":"p","x":"这里再次复习下相邻色和互补色的知识。","b":false,"xe":"Let's review analogous and complementary colors once more."},{"t":"p","x":"色彩的纯度取决于该色中支持色成分和消色成分的比例。很多时候我们觉得色彩发灰，是因为该色中混入了大量的消色成分，导致色彩不纯。为了理解这一部分，我们先得理解物色的三原色：Cyan 青，Magenta 品，Yellow黄。其中青＋黄＝绿，青＋品＝蓝，黄＋品＝红。","b":false,"xe":"A color's purity depends on the ratio of supporting to subtractive components in it. Colors often look gray because they're contaminated by large amounts of subtractive components. To understand this, we first need the three primary pigment colors: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow. Cyan + Yellow = Green; Cyan + Magenta = Blue; Yellow + Magenta = Red."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":429,"h":640},{"t":"p","x":"在上面的这个色环之中，我们把某种颜色相邻的颜色叫做他的相邻色。比如蓝色的相邻色是青和品，红色的相邻色是黄和品。一种颜色的相邻色是它的支持成分，所以我们要增加蓝色，就可以增加它的相邻色青和品。我们要减少红色，就可以减少他的相邻色黄和品。","b":false,"xe":"In the color wheel above, the colors adjacent to a given color are its analogous colors. Blue's analogous colors are cyan and magenta; red's are yellow and magenta. A color's analogous colors are its supporting components — to boost blue, add cyan and magenta; to reduce red, subtract yellow and magenta."},{"t":"p","x":"在色环中，某种颜色对面的颜色叫做他的互补色。互补色属于消色成分，比如蓝色的互补色就是黄色。一旦我们增加黄色，原来的蓝色就会减淡发灰。所以我们要增加天空和水面的蓝色，就要加强他的相邻色青与品，减少他的互补色黄。","b":false,"xe":"The color opposite a given color on the wheel is its complementary color — a subtractive component. Blue's complement is yellow: add yellow and the original blue fades toward gray. So to strengthen the blue of sky and water, boost cyan and magenta and reduce yellow."},{"t":"p","x":"所以要恢复蓝天，我可以用可选颜色工具，选择蓝色，然后加蓝色的相邻色青＋100%，减弱蓝色的互补色黄－100%，恢复青蓝色的天空。","b":false,"xe":"So to restore the blue sky, I use Selective Color on the blues: add blue's analogous cyan +100%, and reduce its complementary yellow -100% — bringing back a cyan-blue sky."},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":640,"h":348},{"t":"p","x":"由于雪山上也有一点蓝光，上一步提蓝之后雪山山脊蓝的吓人，所以在上一个可选颜色调整图层上，我要在蒙板中用黑色笔刷擦掉山体部分。","b":false,"xe":"Since the snow mountain also carries some blue light, the previous boost turned its ridges an alarming blue. So on that Selective Color adjustment layer, I paint black on the mask to hide the mountain area."},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":640,"h":268},{"t":"p","x":"由于缆车玻璃不均匀，照片里左边天空偏青，右边偏紫红。","b":false,"xe":"Because the cable-car glass was uneven, the left sky leans cyan while the right leans purple-red."},{"t":"img","f":"img-17","w":640,"h":436},{"t":"p","x":"所以我需要用色彩平衡工具，蒙板单独擦出右边天空，加青减红，让左右天空色彩统一。","b":false,"xe":"So I use Color Balance with a mask painted to expose only the right sky — adding cyan and reducing red — to unify the sky color on both sides."},{"t":"img","f":"img-18","w":640,"h":376},{"t":"p","x":"云彩应该是白色的，但是照片中的云层有点偏暖。所以可选颜色选出白色，青色＋10%（加青就是减红），黄色－10%。同时我把黑色也－30%，减黑色相当于提高了云彩的亮度。这一步之后的云彩更加亮白了。","b":false,"xe":"Clouds should be white, but these lean warm. So in Selective Color I choose Whites: cyan +10% (adding cyan means reducing red), yellow -10%. I also set black -30%, which brightens the clouds. After this step the clouds are much brighter and whiter."},{"t":"img","f":"img-19","w":640,"h":367},{"t":"p","x":"山体岩石一般是偏红色的，所以我要恢复山岩的红色。这里选择可选颜色中的红色和黄色，减青加红，结合蒙板擦出山岩部分。","b":false,"xe":"Mountain rock is usually reddish, so I want to restore the rock's red. I choose Reds and Yellows in Selective Color, reduce cyan and add red, and use a mask to reveal only the rock areas."},{"t":"img","f":"img-20","w":640,"h":278},{"t":"p","x":"山上的树木应该是青绿色的。可选颜色选择青色，再用黑色蒙板和白色画笔擦出来山体部分，我们就选出了远山上的树林。可选颜色加青色，同时减洋红（也就是加它的对比色绿色），加黑色（降低亮度），之后远山上的树林就显示出了更纯净的深绿色。","b":false,"xe":"The trees on the mountain should be teal-green. Select Cyans in Selective Color, then paint the mountain area with a white brush on a black mask to isolate the distant forest. Add cyan, reduce magenta (i.e. add its complement, green), and add black (lowering brightness) — the distant trees now show a purer deep green."},{"t":"img","f":"img-21","w":640,"h":363},{"t":"p","x":"再来看一下前景的森林，因为缆车的红色玻璃，前景中绿色的树中混进了很多的红色斑点，显得很脏。","b":false,"xe":"Now the foreground forest: because of the cable car's red glass, the green trees are contaminated with many red speckles and look dirty."},{"t":"img","f":"img-22","w":640,"h":433},{"t":"p","x":"可选颜色选择红色，加青＋100%（也就是减红），同时减洋红，这样树林中的红色杂点就没有了。","b":false,"xe":"In Selective Color choose Reds: add cyan +100% (i.e. reduce red) and reduce magenta — the red speckles in the trees disappear."},{"t":"img","f":"img-23","w":640,"h":354},{"t":"p","x":"由于建筑上有很多红漆，上一步减红也影响到了它们。所以需要用蒙板擦出来前景树林部分，让去红图层只作用于前景树林。","b":false,"xe":"Since the buildings carry a lot of red paint, the previous red reduction affected them too. So I mask out just the foreground trees, confining the de-red layer to them."},{"t":"img","f":"img-24","w":640,"h":298},{"t":"p","x":"绿树中的红色物体会比较突出，所以我可以强化城堡以及房屋屋顶的红色，让它们更醒目。可选颜色选择红色，减青（加红），同时黑色＋65%（降低亮度），当然继续结合蒙板让效果只作用于建筑区域。","b":false,"xe":"Red objects pop against green trees, so I can strengthen the reds of the castle and rooftops to make them stand out. In Selective Color choose Reds: reduce cyan (add red), black +65% (lower brightness) — and again, a mask confines the effect to the buildings."},{"t":"img","f":"img-25","w":640,"h":292},{"t":"p","x":"总而言之，物体色彩的提纯，就是利用可选颜色工具加上蒙板，选择出照片中的不同物体，加相邻色，减互补色，让各个物体的颜色纯正突出。","b":false,"xe":"In short, purifying object colors means using Selective Color with masks: isolate each object in the photo, add analogous colors, reduce complementary colors, and every object's color becomes pure and vivid."},{"t":"p","x":"最后自然饱和度＋20，让照片更加鲜艳。","b":false,"xe":"Finally, Vibrance +20 makes the photo more vivid."},{"t":"img","f":"img-26","w":640,"h":350},{"t":"p","x":"当当当，再降燥和锐化一下，照片就处理完成啦。","b":false,"xe":"Ta-da — a bit of noise reduction and sharpening, and the photo is done."},{"t":"img","f":"img-27","w":640,"h":433},{"t":"p","x":"和超级雾霾的原片对比一下，是不是通透了许多？","b":false,"xe":"Compared with the super-hazy original, isn't it much clearer now?"},{"t":"img","f":"img-28","w":640,"h":425},{"t":"p","x":"后面托马斯再小调了一下，让照片更有春天的感觉，这就是看个人的喜好啦～","b":false,"xe":"Afterwards Thomas made a few more tweaks for a springtime feel — that's a matter of personal taste."},{"t":"img","f":"img-29","w":900,"h":608},{"t":"p","x":"PSD文件以及照片源文件可以去我的云盘下载（约400M，请使用wifi下载。。。） https://pan.baidu.com/s/1nvhJBp3","b":false,"xe":"The PSD and source files are on my cloud drive (about 400 MB — please download over Wi-Fi) https://pan.baidu.com/s/1nvhJBp3"},{"t":"img","f":"img-30","w":640,"h":362},{"t":"h","x":"本周总结","xe":"Weekly Summary"},{"t":"p","x":"照片通透6要素及对应的调整工具：","b":false,"xe":"The 6 elements of a clear photo and their corresponding tools:"},{"t":"p","x":"1）细节丰富（ACR基本面板－高光、阴影）","b":false,"xe":"1) Rich detail (ACR Basic panel — Highlights, Shadows)"},{"t":"p","x":"2）对比度和黑白场足够（ACR基本面板－对比度、黑色、白色）","b":false,"xe":"2) Sufficient contrast and black-and-white points (ACR Basic panel — Contrast, Blacks, Whites)"},{"t":"p","x":"3）主体清晰（ACR基本面板－清晰度，径向滤镜－清晰度）","b":false,"xe":"3) Crisp subject (ACR Basic panel — Clarity; Radial Filter — Clarity)"},{"t":"p","x":"4）白平衡准确（ACR基本面板－色温）","b":false,"xe":"4) Accurate white balance (ACR Basic panel — Temperature)"},{"t":"p","x":"5）色彩纯净没有杂色（Photoshop－可选颜色结合蒙板）","b":false,"xe":"5) Pure colors free of casts (Photoshop — Selective Color with masks)"},{"t":"p","x":"6）饱和度合理（ACR／Photoshop－自然饱和度、饱和度）","b":false,"xe":"6) Sensible saturation (ACR/Photoshop — Vibrance, Saturation)"},{"t":"h","x":"我是@Thomas看看世界，每个周日晚上，分享一篇原创摄影干货。","xe":"I'm @Thomas Chu Photo — an original photography tutorial every Sunday evening."}],"titleEn":"Dehazing Photos: The Essential Steps"}