{"slug":"dodge-burn-tool","title":"学会加深减淡工具，提升照片画面表现力","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2018-08-19","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247487244&idx=1&sn=bb1337765b2bc70d46b35ad3ab8b4d76&chksm=eb81f168dcf6787ec7b6dc96cc1fb7409ca1366b55453bc2a8786749a793e6be2567c8422e69&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"每周一篇教程，让摄影不再难学","b":false,"xe":"One tutorial every week, making photography easy to learn"},{"t":"p","x":"在《风光摄影后期基础》一书中我提到过：摄影师可以通过改变画面局部的明暗，提升照片的氛围，强化立体感，以及引导读者的视线。","b":false,"xe":"As I wrote in \"Foundations of Landscape Photography Post-Processing\": by changing the brightness of local areas, photographers can strengthen a photo's atmosphere, enhance its three-dimensionality, and guide the viewer's eye."},{"t":"p","x":"在Photoshop中，改变画面局部明暗的方式有很多，本文会介绍其中最好用的加深、减淡工具。","b":false,"xe":"Photoshop offers many ways to change local brightness; this article introduces the best of them — the Dodge and Burn tools."},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"加深减淡工具怎么用","xe":"How to Use Dodge and Burn"},{"t":"p","x":"在工具栏的左侧，点击T文字图标上面的“棒棒糖”图标，就可以打开菜单，选择减淡工具、加深工具和海绵工具。这三个工具的图标，其实都来自于胶片暗房，感兴趣的朋友可以自行百度。","b":false,"xe":"On the left toolbar, click the \"lollipop\" icon above the T text icon to open the menu and choose among the Dodge, Burn, and Sponge tools. All three icons actually come from the film darkroom — look it up if you're curious."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1000,"h":483},{"t":"p","x":"这三个工具的使用，都是用画笔进行涂抹。选择减淡工具时，画笔涂抹的地方会变亮。选择加深工具时，画笔涂抹的地方会进行压暗。（最后还有一个海绵工具，可以用画笔局部增加或者减少饱和度，会在以后教程中和大家讲解）","b":false,"xe":"All three tools work by painting. With the Dodge tool selected, painted areas brighten; with the Burn tool, painted areas darken. (The Sponge tool locally increases or decreases saturation — a topic for a future tutorial.)"},{"t":"p","x":"选择加深，或者减淡工具后，上面的工具栏就会显示出相应的调整选项，主要是3个：画笔、范围、曝光度。","b":false,"xe":"Once you select Dodge or Burn, the top toolbar shows the relevant options — three main ones: Brush, Range, and Exposure."},{"t":"p","x":"其中画笔决定了涂抹时每一笔的形状、大小和硬度等等，和普通的画笔参数调整是一模一样的。在大部分风光摄影后期中，我都是选择圆形画笔、硬度为0来进行处理。","b":false,"xe":"Brush determines the shape, size, and hardness of each stroke — identical to regular brush settings. For most landscape work, I use a round brush at 0% hardness."},{"t":"p","x":"画笔的大小要根据涂抹物体的大小随时调整，我们可以用键盘上的中括号快捷键“ [ ”和“ ] ”，快速的减少或者增加画笔的大小（使用PS快捷键时记得关闭中文输入法）。","b":false,"xe":"Adjust brush size constantly to match the subject; the bracket keys \"[\" and \"]\" quickly shrink or grow the brush. (Remember to switch off your Chinese input method when using PS shortcuts.)"},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":372,"h":364},{"t":"p","x":"加深减淡工具，还可以选择作用的范围，默认是中间调，也可以改变成高光或者阴影。这是加深减淡工具非常核心的一个功能，让我们进行涂抹时更加精确，无需亮度蒙版等工具的辅助。","b":false,"xe":"Dodge and Burn can also target a tonal range: the default is Midtones, switchable to Highlights or Shadows. This is a core feature — it makes painting far more precise, no luminosity masks needed."},{"t":"p","x":"比如我用加深工具，选择了高光进行压暗。那么我在用画笔涂抹的时候，就基本不会有效果作用到画面的阴影区域，把阴影压得过于死黑。","b":false,"xe":"For example, with the Burn tool set to Highlights, my strokes barely touch the shadow areas, so the shadows never get crushed to dead black."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":1000,"h":214},{"t":"p","x":"曝光度决定了加深减淡的强度，一般设置为20%以下，甚至3%-8%之间，慢慢的进行调整，这样效果会比较自然。保护色调选项，一般都建议勾上。","b":false,"xe":"Exposure sets the strength of dodging and burning. Keep it under 20% — even 3%-8% — and build up slowly for a natural result. It's generally advisable to check Protect Tones."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":1000,"h":104},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"加深减淡对立体感和质感的塑造","xe":"Sculpting Dimensionality and Texture with Dodge and Burn"},{"t":"p","x":"在《风光摄影后期基础》中，我和大家分析过照片立体感和质感的由来。而强化他们的一种方式，就是利用加深减淡工具。","b":false,"xe":"In \"Foundations of Landscape Photography Post-Processing,\" I analyzed where a photo's dimensionality and texture come from. One way to strengthen them is the Dodge and Burn tools."},{"t":"p","x":"假如有一个灰色的圆形，我们要给他后期增加立体感，应该怎么做呢？","b":false,"xe":"Suppose we have a flat grey circle — how do we make it three-dimensional in post?"},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":1000,"h":858},{"t":"p","x":"选择加深减淡工具，范围选择“中间调”，给这个平淡的圆形，后期增加亮面和暗面。","b":false,"xe":"Take the Dodge and Burn tools with Range set to Midtones, and add a lit side and a shadow side to this flat circle."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1000,"h":538},{"t":"p","x":"用减淡工具，提亮圆形的右上角。用加深工具，压暗照片的左下角。几笔之后，圆形就变成球体了。","b":false,"xe":"Use Dodge to brighten the circle's upper-right; use Burn to darken the lower-left. After a few strokes, the circle becomes a sphere."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":1000,"h":823},{"t":"p","x":"反复用加深减淡工具强化明暗对比，画面的立体感就更明显了。","b":false,"xe":"Repeatedly reinforcing the light-dark contrast with Dodge and Burn makes the dimensionality more pronounced."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":1000,"h":804},{"t":"p","x":"照片中记录下来的物体，我们可以用减淡工具去提亮亮面，加深工具去压暗暗面，从而提升物体的立体感。","b":false,"xe":"For objects recorded in a photo, we can dodge the lit planes and burn the shadowed planes to enhance their three-dimensionality."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1080,"h":688},{"t":"p","x":"当然强化的幅度，要符合现场光线的特征，比如这张的阴天环境下，物体的立体感就不能太强，否则像这样的后期痕迹就太明显了。","b":false,"xe":"Of course, the strength must match the scene's lighting: on the overcast day in this shot, dimensionality shouldn't be pushed too far, or the editing traces become glaringly obvious, as seen here."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1080,"h":716},{"t":"p","x":"除了强化立体感之外，我们还可以用这种方法，突出物体的质感。比如这张照片的树木部分，纹理非常突出，但是明暗反差还不够，导致质感不强。","b":false,"xe":"Beyond dimensionality, this method also accentuates texture. The trees in this photo have prominent detail, but the light-dark contrast is weak, so the texture feels flat."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":738,"h":641},{"t":"p","x":"选择减淡工具，范围选择中间调和高光，涂抹树干部分。这样树干上的反光就被提亮了，同时树木阴影部分基本不受影响，纹理更加明显，质感更加丰富。","b":false,"xe":"Take the Dodge tool with Range set to Midtones and Highlights, and paint over the trunks. The reflected light on the trunks brightens while the shaded parts stay nearly untouched — clearer detail, richer texture."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":700,"h":600},{"t":"h","x":"3","xe":"3"},{"t":"h","x":"加深减淡工具引导读者视线","xe":"Guiding the Viewer's Eye with Dodge and Burn"},{"t":"p","x":"我们在看一张照片时，会首先被画面中对比度高的地方吸引。因此我们可以用加深减淡来强化局部反差，突出照片的某个局部，强化照片的主体和兴趣点。","b":false,"xe":"When we look at a photo, high-contrast areas draw our attention first. So we can use Dodge and Burn to strengthen local contrast, highlighting one part of the photo — its subject and point of interest."},{"t":"p","x":"下面我会以一张攀登雪山的照片为例子，演示如何用加深减淡工具强化主体、引导读者的视线。下图中，由于人物和灰色冰雪的亮度差还不够大，所以主体人物并不突出。","b":false,"xe":"Next, I'll use a photo of climbing a snow mountain to demonstrate how Dodge and Burn strengthens the subject and guides the eye. Below, the brightness gap between the climber and the grey snow-and-ice isn't large enough, so the subject doesn't stand out."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":1000,"h":804},{"t":"p","x":"为了强化突出主体，我需要增加主体和其周围的反差，也就是要么压黑人物，要么提亮周围的白雪。","b":false,"xe":"To strengthen the subject, I need more contrast between it and its surroundings — either darken the figure or brighten the surrounding snow."},{"t":"p","x":"这里我选择减淡工具，范围是中间调，曝光度10%，慢慢的涂抹人物周围的雪地。","b":false,"xe":"Here I choose the Dodge tool, Range set to Midtones, Exposure 10%, and slowly paint the snow around the figure."},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":887,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"由于范围选择的中间调，因此提亮操作并没有影响黑黑的人物，而是提亮了箭头所指，人物周围灰色的白雪。","b":false,"xe":"Because the range is Midtones, the brightening doesn't touch the black figure — it brightens the grey snow around the climber, where the arrow points."},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":1000,"h":701},{"t":"p","x":"这样黑色的人就从白色的雪中脱颖而出，更加吸引读者的目光。","b":false,"xe":"Now the dark figure pops out of the white snow, drawing the viewer's gaze."},{"t":"img","f":"img-17","w":1000,"h":830},{"t":"p","x":"熟练使用加深减淡工具，可以快速的提高照片的视觉表现力。","b":false,"xe":"Mastering Dodge and Burn quickly raises a photo's visual impact."},{"t":"img","f":"img-18","w":1080,"h":612},{"t":"h","x":"欢迎关注@Thomas看看世界，","xe":"Follow @Thomas Chu Photo,"},{"t":"h","x":"每周学会一个摄影技能。","xe":"and learn one photography skill every week."}],"titleEn":"Master the Dodge and Burn Tools to Boost Your Photos' Impact"}