{"slug":"hue-saturation-tool","title":"色彩调整利器 - 色相/饱和度工具","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2017-12-10","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247486225&idx=1&sn=6cedb5ba2a262d45cae5e3a34991ea5c&chksm=eb81f575dcf67c63ccaed2100cd649c3613afff3718db255c9122df874dfbaa4c86c20058064&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"常用的调色工具中，ACR里的HSL工具，以及本文会介绍的，Photoshop中的色相饱和度工具，都是基于HSL的色彩模型。","b":false,"xe":"Among the common grading tools, ACR's HSL tool and Photoshop's Hue/Saturation tool — the subject of this article — are both built on the HSL color model."},{"t":"p","x":"在谈色彩的时候提到过，无论是通道曲线、可选颜色还是色彩平衡，大部分的调色工具，其内核还是RGB色彩模型。","b":false,"xe":"As mentioned in our discussion of color, most grading tools — channel curves, Selective Color, Color Balance — are fundamentally built on the RGB color model."},{"t":"p","x":"RGB颜色模型，即任何一种颜色，都是由红（Red）、绿（Green）、蓝（Blue）三原色以不同的比例相加而成的。","b":false,"xe":"In the RGB model, every color is formed by adding the three primaries — red, green, and blue — in different proportions."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":640,"h":386},{"t":"p","x":"但是RGB模型对人类而言并不直观，比如我说一种颜色是由60%红，30%绿和90%蓝组成的，你应该很难想象出来，这到底是哪种颜色？","b":false,"xe":"But RGB isn't intuitive for humans. If I say a color is 60% red, 30% green, and 90% blue, you'd struggle to picture what color that actually is."},{"t":"p","x":"因此人们设计出了HSL色彩空间，来更加直观的表达颜色。HSL是色相（Hue）、饱和度（Saturation）和亮度（Lightness）这三个颜色属性的简称。","b":false,"xe":"So the HSL color space was designed to express color more intuitively. HSL stands for Hue, Saturation, and Lightness."},{"t":"p","x":"色相是色彩的基本属性，就是人们平常所说的颜色名称，如紫色、青色、品红等等。我们可以在一个圆环上表示出所有的色相。","b":false,"xe":"Hue is the basic property of color — what we ordinarily call the color's name, like purple, cyan, or magenta. All hues can be arranged on a wheel."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":640,"h":571},{"t":"p","x":"色环上的0度、120度、240度位置，分别对应了RGB模型的红、绿、蓝三原色。原色两两混合形成了二次色。比如黄色（60度）就是由红色和绿色混合而成；蓝色和绿色则相加形成青色（180度）；品红（300度）则由红蓝两色组成。","b":false,"xe":"Positions 0°, 120°, and 240° on the wheel correspond to RGB's red, green, and blue primaries. Primaries mix pairwise into secondary colors: yellow (60°) comes from red plus green; blue plus green makes cyan (180°); magenta (300°) comes from red and blue."},{"t":"p","x":"饱和度（Saturation）是指色彩的纯度，饱和度越高色彩越纯越浓，饱和度越低则色彩变灰变淡。","b":false,"xe":"Saturation is a color's purity: the higher the saturation, the purer and richer the color; the lower, the greyer and duller."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":640,"h":320},{"t":"p","x":"亮度（Lightness）指的是色彩的明暗程度，亮度值越高，色彩越白，亮度越低，色彩越黑。","b":false,"xe":"Lightness is a color's brightness: higher values push the color toward white, lower values toward black."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":640,"h":253},{"t":"p","x":"我们把色相（Hue）、饱和度（Saturation）和亮度（Lightness）三个属性整合到一个圆柱中，就形成了HSL色彩空间模型。","b":false,"xe":"Integrating Hue, Saturation, and Lightness into a single cylinder gives us the HSL color space model."},{"t":"p","x":"在ACR（以及Lightroom）中，第4个调整面板 - HSL面板，就是基于HSL色彩空间的后期调色工具。大家可以阅读文章《学会调色，从理解HSL面板开始》《HSL调色实战 - 城市黑金风格》进行学习。","b":false,"xe":"In ACR (and Lightroom), the fourth adjustment panel — the HSL panel — is a grading tool based on the HSL color space. See \"Master Color Grading by Understanding the HSL Panel\" and \"HSL Grading in Practice: The Urban Black-and-Gold Look\" to learn more."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":640,"h":776},{"t":"p","x":"而基于HSL色彩模型的调色工具，在Photoshop则是功能更加强大的色相/饱和度工具。大家可以在“图像-调整-色相饱和度”或者“新建调整图层-色相饱和度”中打开色相饱和度调整工具。","b":false,"xe":"In Photoshop, the HSL-based grading tool is the even more powerful Hue/Saturation tool. Open it via Image > Adjustments > Hue/Saturation, or via New Adjustment Layer > Hue/Saturation."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1000,"h":764},{"t":"p","x":"和HSL工具非常相似，在色相/饱和度工具中，我们可以选择画面中的6种颜色：红色、黄色、绿色、青色、蓝色、洋红，然后分别调整这些颜色区域的色相、饱和度、明度。","b":false,"xe":"Much like the HSL tool, Hue/Saturation lets you pick from six colors in the frame — red, yellow, green, cyan, blue, magenta — and adjust each range's hue, saturation, and lightness."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":756,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"色相/饱和度工具之所以比HSL工具还强大，其核心就在于可以自定义选择的颜色范围。","b":false,"xe":"What makes Hue/Saturation stronger than the HSL tool is, at its core, the ability to customize the selected color range."},{"t":"p","x":"在色相/饱和度工具的下方，有两条色带，其中上面的色带代表原图的色彩，下图的色带代表对应的调整后色彩，通过两条色带的关系，我们就能直观的理解调色的结果。比如上面色带的红色部分，如果在下面色带的相同区域变成了黄色，那么就说明我们的色相/饱和度工具，会把画面中的红色变成黄色。","b":false,"xe":"At the bottom of the Hue/Saturation tool are two color bars: the upper bar represents the original colors, the lower bar the corresponding adjusted colors. Their relationship lets you read the grading result at a glance. If the red section of the upper bar has become yellow in the same region of the lower bar, the tool is turning the frame's reds into yellows."},{"t":"p","x":"在色带中间，还有4个滑块，控制了自定义的色彩选择范围。其中2、3滑块之间，是完全选择色彩范围，这些色彩会100%的受到我们的色相/饱和度/明度调整。","b":false,"xe":"Between the bars sit four sliders controlling the custom color range. Between sliders 2 and 3 lies the fully selected range — colors there receive 100% of our hue/saturation/lightness adjustments."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":1000,"h":701},{"t":"p","x":"而1、2滑块之间，以及3、4滑块之间，则是过渡色彩范围，这些色彩，只会受到部分的色相/饱和度/明度调整影响。","b":false,"xe":"Between sliders 1 and 2, and between 3 and 4, lie the transition ranges — colors there are only partially affected by the adjustments."},{"t":"p","x":"适当的过渡色彩范围非常重要，他可以保证我们的调整比较自然均匀，不会出现明显的色彩断裂。","b":false,"xe":"A proper transition range matters greatly: it keeps adjustments natural and even, with no visible color breaks."},{"t":"p","x":"除了通过调整4个滑块来自定义色彩范围之外。色相/饱和度里的3个吸管，可以直接帮我们增加或者排除照片中的颜色。","b":false,"xe":"Beyond the four sliders, Hue/Saturation's three eyedroppers directly add or exclude colors in the photo."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下图中，我想选择黄色佛塔部分进行调整。那么我可以先选择加号吸管，点击画面中的黄色佛塔区域。这样选择的色彩范围中，就多了很多佛塔的黄色。","b":false,"xe":"In the image below, for instance, I want to adjust the yellow pagoda. I take the plus eyedropper and click the pagoda area — adding much of its yellow to the selected range."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1000,"h":882},{"t":"p","x":"在色带上可以看到，绿色、黄绿色现在也被选进来了。而这些是草地的色彩，因此需要把草地的颜色排除出去。","b":false,"xe":"On the color bars you can see that green and yellow-green are now selected too — but those are the meadow's colors, and they need to be excluded."},{"t":"p","x":"这里我选择减号吸管，接着点击取样草地部分画面，在选择的颜色范围中排除草地的色彩。","b":false,"xe":"So I take the minus eyedropper and sample the meadow, excluding its colors from the selection."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1000,"h":683},{"t":"p","x":"可以看到，现在的色彩选择范围，主要是红色、橙色和黄色，黄绿色和绿色没有被选上。","b":false,"xe":"Now the selected range is mainly reds, oranges, and yellows — the yellow-greens and greens are left out."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":1000,"h":776},{"t":"p","x":"所以接下来我如果把饱和度滑块调到-100。画面中之后黄色的佛塔变成了黑白，草地几乎不受影响。","b":false,"xe":"So when I drag the Saturation slider to -100, only the yellow pagoda turns black-and-white; the meadow is almost unaffected."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":1000,"h":628},{"t":"p","x":"色相/饱和度工具同时兼具选择和特效两大功能，可以对照片中任意的特定色彩，进行色相、饱和度、明度的调整。","b":false,"xe":"The Hue/Saturation tool combines selection and effect in one: it can adjust the hue, saturation, and lightness of any specific color in a photo."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":1000,"h":594},{"t":"h","x":"欢迎关注@Thomas看看世界，","xe":"Follow @Thomas Chu Photo,"},{"t":"h","x":"每周学会一个摄影技能。","xe":"and learn one photography skill every week."}],"titleEn":"A Powerful Color Adjustment Tool: Hue/Saturation"}