{"slug":"learning-4-stages","title":"摄影学习的4个阶段｜摄影思考","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2018-04-22","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247486701&idx=1&sn=22d0342088c49682bd1f27a53ccf1936&chksm=eb81f289dcf67b9f2ef5a9288efe727b02737539847ec8dbee3a5b86d3908379729b2df39f87&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"昂贵的相机镜头、复杂的后期技术、华丽的视觉效果，很多时候并没有把一张废片变成大片，只是把它变成了一张更清晰、更复杂、更鲜艳的废片。","b":false,"xe":"Expensive cameras and lenses, complex post-processing techniques, gorgeous visual effects — very often these don't turn a bad photo into a great one; they just turn it into a sharper, more elaborate, more vivid bad photo."},{"t":"p","x":"一张摄影作品最后的好坏，并不取决于拍摄者使用了多么昂贵的相机，采用了多么复杂的技术，而是取决于照片最后呈现出来的形式、内容和想法。","b":false,"xe":"Whether a photographic work is good in the end does not depend on how expensive the camera was or how complex the techniques used, but on the form, content, and ideas the photo ultimately presents."},{"t":"h","x":"在笔者看来，学习摄影可以分为4个阶段: 器材、技术、形式、内容。","xe":"In my view, learning photography can be divided into 4 stages: gear, technique, form, and content."},{"t":"p","x":"“工欲善其事，必先利其器。”初学摄影的时候，难免最关心器材的问题，到底是购买尼康、哈苏还是索尼的设备呢？要不要直接买全画幅相机？广角镜头选16-35mm还是14-24mm？","b":false,"xe":"\"To do a good job, one must first sharpen one's tools.\" When starting out in photography, it's natural to care most about gear — should I buy Nikon, Hasselblad, or Sony? Should I go straight to full-frame? For a wide-angle lens, 16-35mm or 14-24mm?"},{"t":"p","x":"到后来，我们买书、泡论坛、看公众号，又慢慢学会了不少技术。如何对焦、曝光已不在话下，Camera Raw、Photoshop操作也了解了一些，甚至能用亮度蒙版、景深合成这些“高大上”的名词和朋友谈笑风生了。","b":false,"xe":"Later on, we buy books, hang around forums, follow WeChat accounts, and gradually pick up quite a few techniques. Focusing and exposure become second nature; we get familiar with Camera Raw and Photoshop; we can even chat with friends about \"fancy\" terms like luminosity masks and focus stacking."},{"t":"p","x":"但是很多摄影爱好者经常一直陷在器材和技术的泥潭，热衷于打听哪种器材更好、哪种技术更高，作品水平却难以提升。","b":false,"xe":"But many photography enthusiasts stay stuck in the quagmire of gear and technique, keen to find out which gear is better and which technique is superior — while the level of their work barely improves."},{"t":"p","x":"这是因为器材和技术都是为了照片的形式，也就是为照片的视觉呈现而服务的。李涛老师的这句话“技术决定下限，审美决定上限。”也印证了上面的观点。","b":false,"xe":"That is because gear and technique both serve the photo's form — its visual presentation. Teacher Li Tao's saying, \"Technique determines the floor; aesthetics determines the ceiling,\" confirms exactly this point."},{"t":"p","x":"决定一张照片是否美观，并不取决于我们到底使用的是曲线、色阶、柔光图层还是径向滤镜来做的后期处理。而是取决于该突出的地方有没有强化，该隐去的地方有没有弱化，有没有通过后期处理让照片更美观。","b":false,"xe":"Whether a photo is beautiful does not depend on whether we used curves, levels, soft-light layers, or radial filters in post. It depends on whether what should stand out was strengthened, whether what should recede was weakened — whether post-processing actually made the photo more beautiful."},{"t":"p","x":"当然，一味追求美观、大气的视觉效果，又容易陷入一个华而不实的怪圈。","b":false,"xe":"Of course, pursuing only beautiful, grandiose visual effects easily traps us in a cycle of flashy but empty work."},{"t":"p","x":"因为照片的视觉效果，终究还是要为照片的内容和情感而服务的。","b":false,"xe":"Because a photo's visual effect must ultimately serve its content and emotion."},{"t":"p","x":"我们在照片中应用构图法则、色彩搭配和视觉引导，不仅是为了让照片更好看，更是为了突出主题，强化情感，传达故事和感受。","b":false,"xe":"We apply composition rules, color schemes, and visual guidance in our photos not only to make them prettier, but to highlight the subject, intensify the emotion, and convey a story and a feeling."},{"t":"p","x":"好的照片不仅仅是对客观环境的简单记录，还体现着拍摄者的观察、思考和想象，张扬着摄影师的个性、情感和反思。","b":false,"xe":"A good photo is never a simple record of the objective environment — it embodies the photographer's observation, thinking, and imagination, and expresses their personality, emotions, and reflections."},{"t":"h","x":"器材服务于技术，技术服务于形式，形式服务于内容，不能本末倒置。","xe":"Gear serves technique; technique serves form; form serves content. Never put the cart before the horse."},{"t":"p","x":"我们在初学摄影的时候，不应太执着于器材的好坏，够用即可，循序渐进。打牢前期拍摄与后期处理的基本技术，更加重要。","b":false,"xe":"When first learning photography, we shouldn't obsess over gear quality — adequate is enough; progress step by step. Building solid fundamentals in shooting and post-processing matters more."},{"t":"p","x":"在打牢技术基底之后，我们便应该在构图、影调和调色上，也就是视觉形式上更进一步。","b":false,"xe":"Once the technical foundation is solid, we should go further in composition, tonality, and color grading — that is, in visual form."},{"t":"p","x":"在掌握了器材、技术和形式之后，我们便应回到初心，用摄影去记录和表达自己所看到的这个世界。","b":false,"xe":"After mastering gear, technique, and form, we should return to our original intention: using photography to record and express the world as we see it."},{"t":"p","x":"此时我们或许会发现，一个摄影师所谓的风格，好像并不是他的器材、技术、构图和后期调色所决定的，而是他的个性、经历与世界观。","b":true,"xe":"At that point we may realize that a photographer's so-called style is not determined by their gear, technique, composition, or color grading — but by their personality, experiences, and worldview."},{"t":"p","x":"本文节选自托马斯新书《风光摄影后期基础》。","b":false,"xe":"This article is excerpted from Thomas's book \"The Fundamentals of Landscape Photography Post-Processing\" (《风光摄影后期基础》)."},{"t":"img","f":"img-01","w":883,"h":1172}],"titleEn":"The Four Stages of Learning Photography"}