{"slug":"light-and-color","title":"不止后期调色！浅谈摄影中的光线与色彩!","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2023-06-18","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247497514&idx=2&sn=f227d8a9b50a5d71ec75d8e7f7496ebd&chksm=eb82094edcf580584143bedf06de8e1fb2375a89daeb1d574a9610380269e1fd20db554d8543&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"很多时候一提到摄影中的色彩，我们都会立马想到后期调色。","b":false,"xe":"When we talk about color in photography, most of us immediately think of color grading in post-processing."},{"t":"p","x":"其实摄影前期的光线，也对照片的色彩呈现起了决定性的作用。","b":false,"xe":"In fact, the light in the shooting phase plays a decisive role in how colors appear in a photo."},{"t":"p","x":"今天的视频教程中，Thomas会分析4中光色的自然光，以及他们各自的效果。前期用对光线，后期调色才能事半功倍！","b":false,"xe":"In today's video tutorial, Thomas analyzes 4 types of natural light and their respective effects. Get the light right in camera, and your color grading in post becomes twice as effective with half the effort!"},{"t":"h","x":"视频","xe":"Video"},{"t":"bili","bv":"BV1Us4y1v7oh","bpic":"bili-1","bt":"不止后期调色！浅谈摄影中的光线与色彩~"},{"t":"p","x":"这一篇是上面视频的完整图文整理。一提摄影色彩，大家总是先想到后期调色，其实前期的光线才决定了照片色彩的底子。Thomas 把风光摄影中的自然光色归纳为四种——冷色光、暖色光、白光与中性散射光，逐一分析它们各自适合的画面。下文配上视频关键帧截图，适合先读图建立框架，再到视频里听细节。","b":false,"xe":"This is the fully illustrated companion to the video above. Mention color in photography and everyone thinks of grading — but it is the light at capture that lays the foundation. Thomas sorts natural light in landscape work into four color types — cool, warm, white and neutral diffused — and analyzes what each is good for. Skim the annotated keyframes below for the framework, then hear the details in the video."},{"t":"p","x":"先看总览。视频开头的这张要点页给出了全篇的理论框架：物体色由固有色和光色共同决定；改变画面颜色，既可以换固有色（服装、背景、物体本身），也可以换光的颜色；风光摄影中的自然光色主要有四种——冷色光、暖色光、白光、中性散射光，下文逐一展开。","b":false,"xe":"Start with the overview. This summary slide from the opening frames sets up the whole article: an object's rendered color comes from both its inherent color and the light's color; to change the color of a scene you can swap the subject, clothing or background — or simply change the light; and natural light in landscape photography falls into four color types — cool, warm, white and neutral diffused — each unpacked below."},{"t":"img","f":"v01","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"01 颜色从哪来：固有色与光色","xe":"01 Where Color Comes From: Inherent Color and Light"},{"t":"p","x":"颜色的形成离不开光线，决定物体颜色的有两个东西：一是物体本身的物理性质，即固有色；二是光源的颜色，也就是光色（视频 0:16 处）。像这张森林中的佛塔，塔身本身并不是金黄色，但在太阳的金色光线照射下，整张照片都呈现出金黄的色彩（视频 0:34 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Color cannot exist without light, and two things decide an object's color: its own physical properties — the inherent color — and the color of the light source (at 0:16 in the video). The stupa in this forest photo is not itself golden, yet under the golden rays of the sun the whole frame turns gold (at 0:34 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v02","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"所以要改变画面中物体的颜色，既可以改变物体本身——换服装、换背景——也可以改变光线；当光线的颜色变化时，拍出照片的色彩也随之改变（视频 0:52 处）。对风光摄影师来说，人造光千变万化，自然光同样千变万化，关键是要认识它的四种光色。","b":false,"xe":"To change an object's color in a photo you can change the object itself — different clothing, different background — or change the light; when the light's color shifts, so does the color of the photograph (at 0:52 in the video). For landscape photographers, natural light is as changeable as artificial light; the key is recognizing its four color types."},{"t":"h","x":"02 冷色光：蓝调时刻、月光与阴影","xe":"02 Cool Light: Blue Hour, Moonlight and Shade"},{"t":"p","x":"自然界的冷色光主要有三种：蓝调时刻的天光、月光，以及日出日落时阴影的暗部——阴影没有被阳光直接照亮，靠天光反光照亮，所以呈现冷色（视频 1:25 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Nature offers three main kinds of cool light: the skylight of blue hour, moonlight, and the shadows at sunrise and sunset — shadows are lit not by the sun but by skylight reflected in, so they read as cool (at 1:25 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v03","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"想表现冰川的寒冷，最好的拍摄时机就是蓝调时刻——日落之后、天完全黑透之前的那十几分钟到半个小时，天空是一种纯粹的天光蓝，非常适合拍摄冷峻的色彩（视频 1:45 处）。像这张小镇清晨，雾气不是黑色的而是蓝色的，正好与金黄的灯光形成冷暖对比（视频 2:09 处）。","b":false,"xe":"To convey the cold of a glacier, blue hour is the moment — the ten-to-thirty minutes after sunset before full darkness, when the sky is a pure skylight blue that suits austere, frigid palettes (at 1:45 in the video). In this small-town morning, the mist is not black but blue, playing against the golden street lights for an instant warm-cool contrast (at 2:09 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v04","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v05","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"经典的欧洲小镇雨夜照片也是同理：下午正常曝光去拍雨景，只会得到一张灰黑色的图片；等到太阳落山后的蓝调时刻，背景天光变成蓝色调，与小镇的暖色灯光相互映衬（视频 2:27 处）。Thomas 拿下国家地理全球大奖的照片同样是蓝调时刻拍的——主题是极致寒冷、残酷环境下人们团结生活的场景，而只有蓝调时刻整片大地的蓝色，才能撑起这种「极致寒冷」的感受（视频 2:51 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Classic European town rain-scene photos work the same way: shoot in the afternoon at normal exposure and you get a grey-black image; wait for blue hour after sunset and the skylight turns blue, setting off the town's warm lights (at 2:27 in the video). Thomas's National Geographic Global Awards photo was also made in blue hour — its theme is people living through unity in an extremely cold, harsh environment, and only the all-blue earth of blue hour can carry that sense of extreme cold (at 2:51 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v06","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"月光则是一种中性偏冷的色光——这里指的是月亮已经升起之后；而月升月落的时刻，月光其实是一种暖色的光线（视频 3:39 处）。此外，日出日落时没有被阳光直接照亮的阴影部分，因为反射的是天光，也带着蓝色调，值得留意（视频 3:52 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Moonlight is a neutral-to-cool light — that refers to a moon already well up; at moonrise and moonset, moonlight is actually warm (at 3:39 in the video). And note the shadows at sunrise and sunset: lit by reflected skylight, they carry a blue cast worth watching for (at 3:52 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v07","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"03 暖色光：日出日落与月出月落","xe":"03 Warm Light: Sun and Moon at the Horizon"},{"t":"p","x":"自然暖色光出现在日出日落以及月出月落的时候，整个光线呈现橙、金、黄、红等热烈的颜色。想表现温馨、热烈、充满希望的感觉，就要找这些时机拍摄；冷色调显得冷静安静，暖色调才能显得热烈（视频 4:17 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Natural warm light appears at sunrise and sunset, and at moonrise and moonset, bathing the scene in passionate oranges, golds, yellows and reds. For cozy, warm, hopeful moods, seek these windows; cool tones feel calm and quiet, and only warm tones feel fervent (at 4:17 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v08","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v09","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"月亮升起和落下时长曝光，爆出来的其实也是暖色调：视频里两张对比图，右边是日落时拍摄，左边是月亮升起时拍摄——左图右上角还能看到星空（视频 4:43 处）。月光拍摄还有个彩蛋：刚升起的月光把照亮的部分染成金色，而月光下的天空又呈现蓝色调，天然的冷暖对比就形成了（视频 5:20 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Long exposures at moonrise and moonset also come out warm: in the video's side-by-side pair, the right frame was shot at sunset, the left at moonrise — and stars still dot its upper-right corner (at 4:43 in the video). There is a bonus with moonlight: a newly risen moon tints whatever it strikes gold, while the moonlit sky stays blue — a natural warm-cool contrast for free (at 5:20 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v10","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"日照金山是同样的道理：太阳照亮的地方是暖色调，阴影部分或多或少带上冷调，后期再把它调冷一点，一张照片的冷暖对比就出来了（视频 5:37 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Alpenglow on a golden peak works identically: sunlit faces glow warm while the shadows carry a cooler cast — push the shadows cooler in post and the warm-cool contrast of the photograph completes itself (at 5:37 in the video)."},{"t":"h","x":"04 白光：正午让固有色显形","xe":"04 White Light: Noon Reveals True Colors"},{"t":"p","x":"自然白光就是白天的光线。它会让物体本身的色彩「显」出来，因此比较适合干净、色彩丰富的场景——像这张沙滩大海的照片，就特别适合在正午拍摄（视频 6:06 处）。白天光线虽然刺眼，但对于本身色彩饱和的物体，它的色彩提升是非常明显的（视频 6:16 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Natural white light is simply daylight. It makes objects show their inherent colors, so it suits clean, colorful scenes — a beach-and-sea frame like this one is best shot at high noon (at 6:06 in the video). Midday light is harsh, yet for inherently saturated subjects its color boost is unmistakable (at 6:16 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v11","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v12","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"05 中性散射光：阴雨雾雪天的冷调","xe":"05 Neutral Diffused Light: Overcast, Rain, Fog and Snow"},{"t":"p","x":"阴雨雾雪天的光线其实也是一种白色光线，但与晴天正午有明显区别：它更暗淡、更柔和，带着压抑的调子，而且不像直射阳光那样让物体的色彩突显——阴天里物体的色彩本身就比较淡（视频 6:34 处）。","b":false,"xe":"The light of overcast, rainy, foggy or snowy days is also white light, but clearly different from clear noon: dimmer, softer, carrying a subdued mood, and without the hard sun's talent for making colors pop — on such days objects' colors are inherently pale (at 6:34 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v13","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"处理思路有两种：要么顺势做成全图低饱和度的压抑氛围；要么像 Thomas 那样，在后期把中灰白色调调成冷色调——他很多雨雾天、阴天的照片都转成了这种冷峻的调子（视频 7:20 处）。这里有一条实用边界：晴天正午的白色光线不太适合调成冷色调，而阴雨雾天的灰白光线转冷调，看起来不会违和（视频 7:44 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Two ways to handle it: lean in with a low-saturation, subdued mood across the whole frame, or do what Thomas does — shift the neutral grey-white palette toward cool in post; many of his rain-fog and overcast images land on this austere cool tone (at 7:20 in the video). One practical boundary: clear-noon white light does not take well to a cool grade, while the grey-white light of overcast weather turns cool without feeling forced (at 7:44 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v14","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"学习摄影色彩，不能只盯后期调色——前期如何利用自然光和人造光给色彩打好基础，同样关键。用对了光线，后期调色才能事半功倍（视频 8:01 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Studying color in photography means more than grading: using natural and artificial light up front to lay a solid foundation for color matters just as much. Get the light right, and grading becomes twice the result with half the effort (at 8:01 in the video)."},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 物体色由固有色与光色共同决定，想改变画面颜色，换光线和换物体一样有效；2. 冷色光来自蓝调天光、月光与阴影反光，适合表现寒冷、安静与严峻；3. 暖色光来自日出日落与月出月落，橙金红传递热烈温馨，与阴影的冷调组合就是天然冷暖对比；4. 晴天正午白光让固有色彩显形，适合明快丰富的场景；阴雨雾雪天的散射光压抑柔和，适合低饱和氛围或后期转冷峻色调。","xe":"1. Rendered color comes from inherent color plus the light's color — changing the light changes a scene as surely as changing the subject; 2. Cool light comes from blue-hour skylight, moonlight and skylit shadows, perfect for cold, quiet, austere moods; 3. Warm light comes at sunrise, sunset, moonrise and moonset — oranges and golds for warmth, paired with cool shadows for a natural warm-cool contrast; 4. Clear-noon white light reveals true colors for bright, rich scenes, while the diffused light of rain, fog and snow suits subdued low-saturation moods or a cool grade in post."},{"t":"h","x":"高清视频：","xe":"HD video:"},{"t":"p","x":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Us4y1v7oh/","b":false,"xe":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Us4y1v7oh/"}],"titleEn":"Beyond Grading: Light and Color in Photography"}