{"slug":"local-adjustment-core","title":"局部处理是摄影后期的核心（绝对干货）","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2016-09-30","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247484431&idx=1&sn=4e9e1fc6e127ef78700668780ef20983&chksm=eb81fa6bdcf6737d28736940505adfe80407360c61cbbd2c57cc81678051970fe1d9efabb403&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"Lightroom、Photoshop、Nik 、Topaz... 后期处理的工具千千万万，但摄影后期的核心思路只有一个，那就是局部处理。而局部处理的精髓，在于照片各元素间统一却变化着。","b":false,"xe":"Lightroom, Photoshop, Nik, Topaz... there are thousands of post-processing tools, but there is only one core idea in photo post-processing: local adjustment. And the essence of local adjustment lies in the elements of a photo being unified yet varying."},{"t":"p","x":"再酷炫的技术，也不过是“雕虫小技”，背后的道理，才是根本！","b":false,"xe":"No matter how cool a technique is, it is just a 'trick' — the reasoning behind it is what matters!"},{"t":"p","x":"知识点：局部处理，统一与变化","b":false,"xe":"Key points: local adjustment, unity and variation"},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"局部处理是摄影后期的核心","xe":"Local Adjustment Is the Core of Post-Processing"},{"t":"p","x":"为什么曝光调整要分为阴影、高光、白色各种区域？","b":false,"xe":"Why is exposure adjustment divided into shadows, highlights, whites and other zones?"},{"t":"p","x":"为什么色彩处理分为了红色、绿色、蓝色不同滑块？","b":false,"xe":"Why is color adjustment divided into red, green and blue sliders?"},{"t":"p","x":"为什么Lightroom中有渐变滤镜、径向滤镜、调整画笔？","b":false,"xe":"Why does Lightroom have graduated filters, radial filters and adjustment brushes?"},{"t":"p","x":"为什么Photoshop里又有了图层、蒙版、通道？","b":false,"xe":"And why does Photoshop have layers, masks and channels?"},{"t":"p","x":"因为，","b":false,"xe":"Because —"},{"t":"h","x":"局部处理就是摄影后期的核心。","xe":"local adjustment is the core of photo post-processing."},{"t":"p","x":"理解了这一点，你就会发现无论多么高端的后期工具，无论多么复杂的后期技法，其实都只干了2件事儿：","b":false,"xe":"Once you understand this, you will find that no matter how advanced the tool or how complex the technique, they all do only two things:"},{"t":"p","x":"1）选出照片的特定部分","b":false,"xe":"1) Select a specific part of the photo"},{"t":"p","x":"2）对这些部分施加某种效果","b":false,"xe":"2) Apply some effect to that part"},{"t":"p","x":"有的时候这两件事会用到不同的工具，比如用亮度蒙版选出照片的中间调，再用s型曲线来强化对比度，就达到了只增加照片中间调对比的效果。","b":false,"xe":"Sometimes these two steps use different tools — for example, using a luminosity mask to select the midtones and then an S-curve to boost contrast achieves the effect of increasing contrast only in the midtones."},{"t":"p","x":"有的时候这两件事直接整合在了一个工具中，比如以前《你真的理解锐化了吗？》中提到的锐化工具，其实内部也是分成两步的：1. 找出照片中的物体边缘 2.强化这些边缘的反差","b":false,"xe":"Sometimes the two steps are integrated into one tool — the sharpening tool mentioned in 'Do You Really Understand Sharpening?', for example, also works in two steps internally: 1. find the edges of objects in the photo; 2. strengthen the contrast of those edges."},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"局部处理：变化与统一","xe":"Local Adjustment: Variation and Unity"},{"t":"p","x":"局部处理的目的也可以归纳为两个：","b":false,"xe":"The purposes of local adjustment can also be summed up in two points:"},{"t":"p","x":"1）让照片有变化","b":false,"xe":"1) Give the photo variation"},{"t":"p","x":"2）让照片更统一","b":false,"xe":"2) Make the photo more unified"},{"t":"p","x":"等等？变化和统一不是完全相反的两个词吗？且听托马斯慢慢分析。","b":false,"xe":"Wait — aren't variation and unity complete opposites? Hear Thomas out."},{"t":"h","x":"2.1","xe":"2.1"},{"t":"h","x":"有变化的照片才好看","xe":"Photos with Variation Look Better"},{"t":"p","x":"大家都知道黄昏拍出来的照片就是比大中午拍出来的好看。但是背后的原因是什么呢？","b":false,"xe":"Everyone knows photos taken at dusk look better than those taken at noon. But why?"},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":640,"h":427},{"t":"p","x":"这是因为黄昏的光线和气候使得照片中出现了明暗、冷暖、虚实、软硬等等各种各样的变化对比。画面显得有趣多了。","b":false,"xe":"Because the light and climate at dusk bring all kinds of contrast into the photo — bright and dark, warm and cool, sharp and soft, hard and gentle. The picture becomes far more interesting."},{"t":"p","x":"而大中午拍的照片就几乎没有变化，所有的物体都是很清晰、很明亮、很鲜艳，很 。。。没有特点。","b":false,"xe":"Photos taken at noon have almost no variation: everything is very clear, very bright, very vivid — and very... characterless."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":640,"h":422},{"t":"p","x":"而后期的局部处理，就需要强化照片中的各种变化。","b":false,"xe":"Local adjustment in post, then, is about strengthening the various kinds of variation in a photo."},{"t":"p","x":"比如托马斯的这张雪山星空，前景用了几十个径向滤镜和画笔工具，来强化前景中光影色彩的变化。","b":false,"xe":"Take Thomas's snow mountain starry sky: dozens of radial filters and brush tools were used in the foreground to enhance the variation of light and color there."},{"t":"p","x":"图中的每一个白色圆点，都是一个Camera Raw中的局部调整工具，是不是感觉多的有点夸张？","b":false,"xe":"Every white dot in the image is a local adjustment tool in Camera Raw — a bit exaggerated, right?"},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":640,"h":352},{"t":"p","x":"但是前后效果对比，差距明显。","b":false,"xe":"But comparing before and after, the difference is obvious."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":640,"h":425},{"t":"p","x":"经过局部调整，照片中有了更多变化，更加好看了。","b":false,"xe":"After local adjustments, the photo has more variation and looks much better."},{"t":"h","x":"2.2","xe":"2.2"},{"t":"h","x":"统一的照片才耐看","xe":"Unified Photos Reward a Longer Look"},{"t":"p","x":"我们常说摄影是一种减法，而减法的意义就在于统一。","b":false,"xe":"We often say photography is an art of subtraction, and the point of subtraction is unity."},{"t":"p","x":"比如最近流行的黑金风格，其实就是一种“局部调整让照片统一”的思路。","b":false,"xe":"The recently popular black-and-gold style, for example, is essentially the idea of 'unifying a photo through local adjustment'."},{"t":"p","x":"原来城市灯光中的各种花花绿绿，全部统一成金色。原来照片暗部的各种色彩，也分别处理成灰黑。","b":false,"xe":"All the colorful city lights are unified into gold, and the various colors in the dark areas are each turned to gray-black."},{"t":"p","x":"下面这张照片的处理，托马斯也借鉴了类似的思路。","b":false,"xe":"The processing of the photo below borrowed a similar idea."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":640,"h":427},{"t":"p","x":"原来的前景，花花绿绿。局部工具选上前景的绿色，全部调成暖黄。","b":false,"xe":"The original foreground was a mess of colors: the local tools selected the greens and turned them all warm yellow."},{"t":"p","x":"原来的背景，五花八门。局部工具各自调整，全部统一成深色、冷色。","b":false,"xe":"The original background was a jumble too: local tools adjusted each part, unifying them into dark, cool tones."},{"t":"p","x":"没有统一的照片，充满了各种干扰观者注意力的东西。","b":false,"xe":"A photo without unity is full of things that distract the viewer."},{"t":"p","x":"统一过后的照片，更有氛围，更加耐看。","b":false,"xe":"A unified photo has more atmosphere and rewards a longer look."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":640,"h":427},{"t":"h","x":"2.3","xe":"2.3"},{"t":"h","x":"统一却变化着","xe":"Unified Yet Varying"},{"t":"p","x":"统一但没变化的照片，平淡不好看。","b":false,"xe":"A photo that is unified but lacks variation is plain and dull."},{"t":"p","x":"变化但不统一的照片，花哨不耐看。","b":false,"xe":"A photo that varies but lacks unity is gaudy and tiresome."},{"t":"p","x":"而局部处理的难点，就在于如何让各个元素在某些维度上统一，在某些维度上变化，组成一张统一却变化着的照片。","b":false,"xe":"The difficulty of local adjustment lies in making the elements unified in some dimensions and varying in others, forming a photo that is unified yet varying."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面这张照片的前景，前面提到用了很多局部处理工具，让石头冰雪的明暗变化更加戏剧性。","b":false,"xe":"Take the foreground of the photo below: as mentioned, many local tools were used to make the tonal variation of rocks and ice more dramatic."},{"t":"p","x":"但是这些变化是在一个统一的基调下完成的，那就是照片整体的蓝紫冷色调。","b":false,"xe":"But all this variation was done under one unified keynote — the overall blue-purple cold tone of the photo."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":640,"h":425},{"t":"p","x":"另外一张照片，虽然做了很多统一处理。但是前景和背景的明暗、冷暖、饱和不饱和对比，以及建筑与水面天空的质感对比，让统一的照片中又出现了很多变化。","b":false,"xe":"In the other photo, a lot of unifying work was done, yet the contrast of brightness, warmth and saturation between foreground and background, and the texture contrast between the building and the water and sky, bring abundant variation into the unified photo."},{"t":"p","x":"局部处理是后期的核心，而统一却变化着，就是我们局部处理的目标。","b":false,"xe":"Local adjustment is the core of post-processing, and being unified yet varying is the goal of local adjustment."},{"t":"h","x":"3","xe":"3"},{"t":"h","x":"学习局部处理工具","xe":"Learning Local Adjustment Tools"},{"t":"p","x":"局部处理工具从哪学起？","b":false,"xe":"Where to start learning local adjustment tools?"},{"t":"p","x":"先把Lightroom和PS Camera Raw中最简单的局部滤镜和画笔学会吧！","b":false,"xe":"Start with the simplest local filters and brushes in Lightroom and PS Camera Raw!"},{"t":"p","x":"托马斯为此录制了3部视频教程送给大家：","b":false,"xe":"Thomas has recorded three video tutorials for you:"},{"t":"p","x":"《局部滤镜重塑照片光影》","b":false,"xe":"'Reshaping Light and Shadow with Local Filters'"},{"t":"video"},{"t":"p","x":"《如何用PS画笔让照片不再单调 （工具篇）》","b":false,"xe":"'How to Make Photos Less Monotonous with PS Brushes (Tools)'"},{"t":"video"},{"t":"p","x":"《如何用PS画笔让照片不再单调 （实战篇）》","b":false,"xe":"'How to Make Photos Less Monotonous with PS Brushes (Practice)'"},{"t":"video"},{"t":"h","x":"总结","xe":"Summary"},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 局部处理是后期的核心 2. 统一却变化着，是局部 处理 的终极目标。 3. 学习局部 处理 ，可以从托马斯的渐变滤镜、径向滤镜和调整画笔视频教程学起","xe":"1. Local adjustment is the core of post-processing. 2. Unified yet varying is the ultimate goal of local adjustment. 3. To learn local adjustment, start with Thomas's video tutorials on graduated filters, radial filters and adjustment brushes."},{"t":"p","x":"大家国庆节快乐！","b":false,"xe":"Happy National Day, everyone!"},{"t":"p","x":"我是@Thomas看看世界，每个周日晚上，分享一篇原创摄影干货。","b":false,"xe":"I'm @Thomas Chu Photo — every Sunday evening I share an original piece of practical photography knowledge."}],"titleEn":"Local Adjustment Is the Core of Photo Post-Processing"}