{"slug":"lr-acr-brush-guide","title":"强大的Lightroom/ACR画笔 - 看完这篇就学会啦","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2016-11-13","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247484542&idx=1&sn=b2df5f306f4711e0aed11d2c69eaeaab&chksm=eb81fa1adcf6730c3bf8de4ad95e4d1be1145a04b5f7fb9a4574fdc0569377984cdd42aabe6b&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"Lightroom以及Camera Raw中的调整画笔工具，可以方便的对画面进行局部调整，强化甚至重塑照片的光影。","b":false,"xe":"The Adjustment Brush in Lightroom and Camera Raw makes local adjustments easy — enhancing or even reshaping a photo's light and shadow."},{"t":"p","x":"要学会画笔的使用也很简单，只需要理解其大小、流量、浓度等控制选项，以及常用的色温、曝光、清晰度等调整滑块。","b":false,"xe":"Learning the brush is simple too: understand its control options like Size, Flow and Density, plus the common Temp, Exposure and Clarity sliders."},{"t":"p","x":"知识点：画笔大小、羽化、流量、浓度等等选项","b":false,"xe":"Topics: brush size, feather, flow, density and other options"},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"画笔工具有什么用？","xe":"What is the Brush tool for?"},{"t":"p","x":"托马斯在以前的文章《局部处理是摄影后期的核心》中提到过。摄影后期的一个重要思想就是局部的处理和优化，在调整画面某一部分的时候，不要影响到其他无关的区域。","b":false,"xe":"Thomas mentioned it in the earlier article 'Local Processing Is the Core of Post-Processing'. A key idea in post is local processing and optimization — when adjusting one part of the frame, don't affect unrelated areas."},{"t":"p","x":"在Photoshop中我们有选区、蒙版、通道等等工具来实现局部调整。而在Adobe Camera Raw或者Lightroom中，我们也有径向滤镜、渐变滤镜和调整画笔3种工具来实现局部的处理，其中以画笔工具最为强大。","b":false,"xe":"In Photoshop we have selections, masks, channels and more for local adjustments. In Adobe Camera Raw or Lightroom, we have three tools — the Radial Filter, Graduated Filter and Adjustment Brush — of which the Brush is the most powerful."},{"t":"img","f":"img-01","w":800,"h":600},{"t":"p","x":"以昨天推送的这张照片为例。这是我在本周印度徒步时，拍摄的月落云海画面（图中正在落山的是月亮，所以夜空中还可以看到漫天繁星）。","b":false,"xe":"Take the photo pushed yesterday as an example. I shot this moonset-over-cloud-sea scene while hiking in India this week (what's setting in the frame is the moon, which is why the night sky is full of stars)."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":800,"h":534},{"t":"p","x":"下图是拍摄原图。可以看到前景草地比较黑暗，没有细节，不能很好的衬托出逆光拍摄月亮时候的氛围。","b":false,"xe":"Below is the original capture. The foreground grass is quite dark with no detail, failing to set off the atmosphere of the backlit moon."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":800,"h":534},{"t":"p","x":"我想让前景的草地亮度更高，但是云海和星空不受影响。","b":false,"xe":"I wanted the foreground grass brighter, without affecting the cloud sea and starry sky."},{"t":"p","x":"所以我使用了ACR中的画笔工具，涂抹出前景草地的范围，提高曝光度并增加一点点色温。草地逆光下的那种光感就一下子凸显出来了。","b":false,"xe":"So I used ACR's Brush tool to paint over the foreground grass, raised the exposure and added a touch of color temperature — the backlit glow of the grass immediately stood out."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":800,"h":518},{"t":"p","x":"摄影是一个光的艺术。但在风景摄影中，前期是很难改变现场的光线环境的。但我们通过画笔等工具，在后期进行局部处理，就可以达到强化现场光线，甚至重塑环境光影的效果。","b":false,"xe":"Photography is an art of light. But in landscape photography it's hard to change the lighting at the scene. With tools like the brush, local processing in post can strengthen the existing light — or even reshape the scene's light and shadow."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面这张伦敦的夜景图。原片（下图）是很平淡的阴天天气。但是我通过后期画笔工具对天空单独调整，压暗上部天空并加上蓝色，提亮下部天空并加上红紫色，成片（上图）就有了一种“日落余晖”中的效果。","b":false,"xe":"For example, the London night scene below. The original (lower image) was a dull overcast day. But by adjusting the sky alone with the brush in post — darkening the upper sky with blue, brightening the lower sky with red-purple — the final image (above) gains a 'sunset afterglow' feel."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":619,"h":800},{"t":"p","x":"用画笔工具重新描绘天空光影，只需要几分钟时间和简单的几步操作，具体视频可以查看：","b":false,"xe":"Repainting the sky's light with the Brush takes just minutes and a few simple steps — see the video at:"},{"t":"p","x":"http://v.qq.com/x/page/g0328yr2c9v.html","b":false,"xe":"http://v.qq.com/x/page/g0328yr2c9v.html"},{"t":"video"},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"画笔的控制选项","xe":"Brush control options"},{"t":"p","x":"画笔面板上有密密麻麻的二十多个滑块和选项，看似非常复杂。","b":false,"xe":"The Brush panel has twenty-plus densely packed sliders and options — seemingly very complex."},{"t":"p","x":"其实这些调整选项可以分成简单的两类：","b":false,"xe":"Actually these options fall into two simple categories:"},{"t":"p","x":"1）控制画笔（作用的强度、区域）","b":false,"xe":"1) Controlling the brush (strength and region of effect)"},{"t":"p","x":"2）决定画笔作用区域有怎样的调整效果","b":false,"xe":"2) Deciding what adjustment effect the brushed region gets"},{"t":"p","x":"控制画笔的选项位于画笔面板的最上和最下方。","b":false,"xe":"The brush-controlling options sit at the very top and very bottom of the panel."},{"t":"p","x":"其中最上方是：新建、添加、清除三种模式。","b":false,"xe":"At the very top are three modes: New, Add, Erase."},{"t":"p","x":"当我们进入画笔面板时，默认的选项是“新建”。这时我们在照片中进行涂抹，照片中就会出现一个“大头针\"图标，表示我们新建了一个画笔调整。","b":false,"xe":"When entering the Brush panel, the default is 'New'. Painting in the photo creates a 'pin' icon, meaning we've created a new brush adjustment."},{"t":"p","x":"之后选项自动改成了“添加”。在“添加”模式时，我们再在照片中涂抹，新的区域会从属于原来的“大头针”代表的画笔，有着一样的色温、曝光度等调整。","b":false,"xe":"Afterward the option automatically switches to 'Add'. In Add mode, newly painted areas belong to the same 'pin' brush, sharing its Temp, Exposure and other adjustments."},{"t":"p","x":"如果我们要对新的区域，施加不同的色温或者曝光调整，我们就需要重新点击“新建”，重新建立一个画笔调整，此时照片中会出现一个新的“大头针”。","b":false,"xe":"If we want a different Temp or Exposure adjustment on a new area, we click 'New' again to create another brush adjustment — a new 'pin' appears."},{"t":"p","x":"点击照片中不同的“大头针”，我们可以看到每一个画笔作用的区域。如果有时画笔涂的多了，我们可以先点击该画笔的“大头针”，激活这个画笔。然后选择最后一个“清除”选项，之后我们再在画面中涂抹，涂过的区域会从画笔作用区域中被减去。","b":false,"xe":"Clicking different 'pins' shows each brush's affected region. If we overpaint, click that brush's 'pin' to activate it, choose the 'Erase' option, and paint again — the painted-over areas are subtracted from the brush's region."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":800,"h":508},{"t":"p","x":"最上面的三个选项是画笔的模式，下面的几个选项则是控制画笔大小、形态和不透明度的利器了。","b":false,"xe":"The top three options are the brush modes; the options below control the brush's size, shape and opacity."},{"t":"p","x":"第一个“大小”很容易理解。ACR和Lightroom中的画笔都是圆形的，大小的数值代表着画笔的直径。数值越大，画笔作用的区域也越大。","b":false,"xe":"The first, 'Size', is easy: brushes in ACR and Lightroom are circular, and the size value is the diameter. Larger value, larger affected area."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":800,"h":619},{"t":"p","x":"“羽化”滑块控制着画笔的过渡效果。羽化值很低时，画笔作用区域和未作用区域，过渡会比较生硬（如下图左），适合分界线明显、轮廓突出的物体。","b":false,"xe":"The 'Feather' slider controls the brush's transition. At low feather, the transition between affected and unaffected areas is hard (lower left) — good for objects with clear boundaries and sharp outlines."},{"t":"p","x":"羽化值比较高时，画笔作用区域和未作用区域会有一个平滑的渐变效果，适用于涂抹在水面，草地等物体上。","b":false,"xe":"At high feather, affected and unaffected areas blend with a smooth gradient — suitable for painting on water, grass and similar surfaces."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":800,"h":530},{"t":"p","x":"“流动”、“浓度”控制了画笔作用的不透明度。可以把“流动”理解成钢笔笔尖流出来的墨水量，可以不断叠加。“浓度”则是钢笔中墨水的浓度，决定了画笔不透明度的最大值。（可以想象，一款深灰色（浓度）的墨水，如果钢笔出水量（流量）很小，画在纸上只会是浅灰色的。但是我可以反复画，这样纸上就会有深灰色出现。但是由于墨水浓度的关系，我是不可能用灰色墨水画出黑色的~~）","b":false,"xe":"'Flow' and 'Density' control the brush's opacity. Think of Flow as the amount of ink flowing from a fountain pen — it stacks up continuously. Density is the ink's concentration, capping the brush's maximum opacity. (Imagine a dark-gray (density) ink: if the pen's flow is tiny, only light gray lands on paper; but I can paint repeatedly until dark gray appears. Yet because of the ink's density, I can never draw black with gray ink~~)"},{"t":"p","x":"比如我把“流动”设为5%，浓度设为30%。那么我用这个画笔在照片中涂抹一下，那个区域的画笔不透明度就是5%。由于流动是可以叠加的，所以我不断的用这个画笔涂抹同样区域，那里的画笔不透明度就会不断累积。其上限就是“浓度”定下的30%。","b":false,"xe":"For example, with Flow at 5% and Density at 30%, one stroke gives that region 5% brush opacity. Since Flow stacks, repeated strokes over the same area keep accumulating opacity — capped at the 30% set by Density."},{"t":"p","x":"“自动蒙版”是一个很强大的选项，适用于边界比较复杂，但又明暗色彩分明的情况。此时勾上这个选项后，软件会尝试自动画出精确的边界。比如下图，不用自动蒙版，画笔会不可避免的涂抹到湖边的雪上。","b":false,"xe":"'Auto Mask' is a powerful option for complex boundaries with distinct brightness or color. With it checked, the software tries to draw precise boundaries automatically. Below, without Auto Mask the brush inevitably spills onto the snow by the lake."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":800,"h":486},{"t":"p","x":"勾上“自动蒙版”，涂抹湖面时，画笔就会自动识别边界，去掉那些不该作用的区域，比较准确。","b":false,"xe":"With 'Auto Mask' checked, painting the lake surface makes the brush recognize the boundary and exclude areas that shouldn't be affected — much more accurate."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":800,"h":468},{"t":"p","x":"最下面的“叠加”用来显示|隐藏照片中的画笔大头针。勾上“蒙版”后，画笔作用区域会用选择的颜色，比如上图中选择的红色，显示出来。这两个选项都是为了方便预览。最后“清除全部”按键，可以删除照片中所有的画笔调整。","b":false,"xe":"At the very bottom, 'Overlay' shows/hides the brush pins in the photo; checking 'Mask' displays the brushed region in the chosen color — red in the image above. Both options aid preview. Finally, the 'Clear All' button deletes all brush adjustments in the photo."},{"t":"h","x":"3","xe":"3"},{"t":"h","x":"画笔的调整滑块","xe":"The brush's adjustment sliders"},{"t":"p","x":"除开面板最上面和最下面的画笔控制选项，中间的那些滑块则是决定了画笔调整的效果。其中大部分滑块都和《轻松美化照片 - 理解Lightroom基本面板的色调与影调控制》中提到的效果一模一样，只是这里只会作用于画笔区域而已。","b":false,"xe":"Besides the control options at the top and bottom, the sliders in the middle decide the brush's adjustment effect. Most are identical to those in 'Beautify Your Photos with Ease — Understanding the Tone & Contrast Controls in Lightroom's Basic Panel' — except here they act only on the brushed region."},{"t":"p","x":"色温：让画笔作用区域变冷（蓝），或者变暖（黄色）","b":false,"xe":"Temp: cools (blue) or warms (yellow) the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"色调：给画笔作用区域添加绿色或者紫色调","b":false,"xe":"Tint: adds green or magenta tint to the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"曝光：对应了画笔作用区域的中间调区域","b":false,"xe":"Exposure: corresponds to the midtones of the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"对比度：调整画笔作用区域整体的反差程度","b":false,"xe":"Contrast: adjusts the overall contrast of the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"高光：控制画笔作用区域的较亮区域的亮度","b":false,"xe":"Highlights: controls the brighter areas' brightness within the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"阴影：控制画笔作用区域的较暗区域的亮度","b":false,"xe":"Shadows: controls the darker areas' brightness within the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"白色：控制画笔作用区域的最亮区域的亮度","b":false,"xe":"Whites: controls the brightest areas' brightness within the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"黑色：控制画笔作用区域的最暗区域的亮度","b":false,"xe":"Blacks: controls the darkest areas' brightness within the brushed region"},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":754,"h":800},{"t":"p","x":"清晰度：增加／减少画笔作用区域细节表现和边缘对比","b":false,"xe":"Clarity: increases/decreases detail rendering and edge contrast in the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"去除薄雾：右调给画笔作用区域去雾霾，左调给滤镜加雾霾","b":false,"xe":"Dehaze: right removes haze from the brushed region, left adds haze"},{"t":"p","x":"饱和度：控制画笔作用区域的色彩鲜艳程度","b":false,"xe":"Saturation: controls the color vividness of the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"锐化程度：给画笔作用区域加锐（加强边缘对比）","b":false,"xe":"Sharpness: sharpens the brushed region (strengthens edge contrast)"},{"t":"p","x":"减少杂色：给画笔作用区域降噪","b":false,"xe":"Noise Reduction: reduces noise in the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"波纹去除：去除画笔作用区域的摩尔纹","b":false,"xe":"Moire: removes moiré in the brushed region"},{"t":"p","x":"去边：去除画笔作用区域的色边，包括镜头色差带来的紫边绿边，以及高反差区域的白色亮边等等","b":false,"xe":"Defringe: removes color fringing in the brushed region, including purple/green fringes from lens aberration and white bright edges in high-contrast areas"},{"t":"p","x":"颜色：给画笔作用区域叠加上所选的颜色色调","b":false,"xe":"Color: overlays the chosen color tone onto the brushed region"},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":734,"h":800},{"t":"p","x":"视频讲解：","b":false,"xe":"Video walkthrough:"},{"t":"p","x":"http://v.qq.com/page/k/1/8/k0327f0vp18.html","b":false,"xe":"http://v.qq.com/page/k/1/8/k0327f0vp18.html"},{"t":"video"},{"t":"h","x":"总结","xe":"Summary"},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 在Adobe Camera Raw或者Lightroom中，我们有径向滤镜、渐变滤镜和调整画笔3种工具来实现局部的处理，其中以画笔工具最为强大。 2. 画笔面板的最上面有新建、添加、清除三种模式，最下方则是大小、羽化、流量和浓度的调整。 3. 画笔面板的中间，是常见的色温、曝光度、清晰度、锐化等调整效果选项。","xe":"1. In Adobe Camera Raw or Lightroom, we have three tools for local processing — the Radial Filter, Graduated Filter and Adjustment Brush — of which the Brush is the most powerful. 2. At the top of the Brush panel are the New/Add/Erase modes; at the bottom are Size, Feather, Flow and Density. 3. In the middle are common effect options like Temp, Exposure, Clarity and Sharpness."},{"t":"p","x":"欢迎关注@Thomas看看世界，","b":false,"xe":"Follow @Thomas Chu Photo —"},{"t":"p","x":"每个周日，学会一个摄影技能。","b":false,"xe":"learn one photography skill every Sunday."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":640,"h":313}],"titleEn":"The Powerful Lightroom/ACR Brush: Master It in This One Article"}