{"slug":"plan-sunrise-milkyway-shoot","title":"预测到晚霞才出门？摄影师是如何计划日出、晚霞、星空拍摄的？","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2019-08-04","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247489256&idx=1&sn=a88d288587a78d5a663432746146a7b8&chksm=eb81e88cdcf6619a18d657a84b57889ce0e1377c4c94399c2043b656b236575eea5aac349cb5&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"风光摄影师常常戏称自己是“靠天吃饭”，因为天气和天文时刻，对我们的拍摄效果会有很大的影响。","b":false,"xe":"Landscape photographers jokingly say they 'live at the mercy of the weather' — weather and astronomical timing have a huge impact on our results."},{"t":"p","x":"如果能提前查好日出、蓝调、星空拍摄的时间，我们在计划时就会更具针对性。","b":false,"xe":"If you check sunrise, blue-hour and Milky Way times in advance, your planning becomes far more targeted."},{"t":"p","x":"如果还能提前预测出拍摄地的天气，甚至晚霞、彩虹、云海的概率，那简直再好不过了！","b":false,"xe":"And if you can also predict the weather at your location — even the probability of sunset glow, rainbows or a sea of clouds — that's simply ideal!"},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1080,"h":717},{"t":"p","x":"今天托马斯就会和大家介绍一款免费的摄影计划小程序，以及它的使用方法。","b":false,"xe":"Today Thomas introduces a free photography-planning mini app and shows you how to use it."},{"t":"h","x":"视频教程","xe":"Video Tutorial"},{"t":"bili","bv":"BV1Vt411g79W","bpic":"bili-1","bt":"预测到晚霞才外出？摄影师是如何计划天气和拍摄时机的？"},{"t":"p","x":"这一篇是上面视频的完整图文整理。这期是竖屏手机教程：Thomas 演示了一款免费的摄影计划小程序「莉景天气」，从日出日落、金色蓝色时刻、月相观星，到逐小时天气与晚霞、云海、彩虹概率，一次讲清如何坐在空调房里规划一次拍摄。下文配上视频关键帧截图，适合先读图建立框架，再到视频里听细节。","b":false,"xe":"This is the fully illustrated companion to the video above. This episode is a vertical phone walkthrough: Thomas demonstrates a free photography-planning mini app, LiJing Weather, covering sunrise and sunset times, golden and blue hours, moon phases for stargazing, hourly weather, and even the probability of sunset glow, sea of clouds and rainbows. Read it here for the framework, then dive into the video for the details."},{"t":"p","x":"先看总览。下面这张主页截图浓缩了整个工具的核心：左侧 Sun 一栏是日出、日落、金色时刻与蓝色时刻的精确起止；右侧 Moon 一栏是月相、观星指数、月出月落与天文晨昏时间；往下拉还有逐小时天气预报和晚霞、云海、彩虹概率——下文逐一拆解。","b":false,"xe":"Start with the overview. This home-screen capture condenses the app's core: the Sun column lists the precise start and end of sunrise, sunset, golden hour and blue hour; the Moon column shows the moon phase, stargazing index, moonrise and moonset, and astronomical twilight times; scrolling down reveals hourly weather plus the probabilities of sunset glow, sea of clouds and rainbows — each unpacked below."},{"t":"img","f":"v02","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"h","x":"01 找到工具：微信小程序「莉景天气」","xe":"01 Finding the Tool: the LiJing Weather Mini App"},{"t":"p","x":"这款小程序由清华大学的开发者开发，免费且好用（视频 0:20 处）。打开方式：在微信「发现」页进入「小程序」，搜索关键词「莉景天气」——记住是茉莉的莉，它专门用来预测朝霞、晚霞、云海和彩虹（视频 0:33 处）。","b":false,"xe":"The mini app was developed by a Tsinghua University student, and it is free and excellent (at 0:20 in the video). To open it: go to Discover → Mini Programs in WeChat and search for LiJing Weather — note that Li is the character for jasmine. It specializes in forecasting sunrise glow, sunset glow, sea of clouds and rainbows (at 0:33 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v01","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"p","x":"主界面分「智能预报」和「工具」两个板块，日常最常用的是智能预报。顶部定位默认显示当前所在区域，想查目的地时直接输入地名搜索：比如把重庆北碚换成渝中区，日出日落、月相、天气就全部跟着切换（视频 1:05 处）。出发去陌生目的地之前，先把它换成拍摄地看一遍，是规划的第一步。","b":false,"xe":"The interface has two tabs, Smart Forecast and Tools, with Smart Forecast being the everyday workhorse. The location at the top defaults to where you are; to check a destination, just type and search — switching from Beibei to Yuzhong district in Chongqing, for example, updates every sunrise, moon and weather figure accordingly (at 1:05 in the video). Before leaving for unfamiliar territory, switching the location to your shooting destination is step one of planning."},{"t":"img","f":"v03","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"h","x":"02 日出日落之外：金色时刻与蓝色时刻","xe":"02 Beyond Sunrise and Sunset: Golden and Blue Hours"},{"t":"p","x":"最基础的硬信息是日出、日落时间。以重庆为例，日出 6:14、日落 19:44——想拍日出，最好 5:50 前后就到达机位，从容构图、慢慢等待（视频 1:31 处）。","b":false,"xe":"The most basic hard facts are sunrise and sunset times. In Chongqing on that day: sunrise 6:14, sunset 19:44 — for a sunrise shoot you want to be at your spot by about 5:50, with time to compose calmly and wait (at 1:31 in the video)."},{"t":"p","x":"但风光摄影师真正等待的是两个「时刻」。金色时刻是日出前后与日落前后、太阳角度很低的时间段：光线柔和呈金色，再碰上朝霞晚霞，最容易出金光闪闪的大片（视频 1:55 处）。","b":false,"xe":"But what landscape photographers truly wait for are the two \"hours.\" Golden hour is the window around sunrise and sunset when the sun sits low: the light is soft and golden, and with morning or evening glow it produces those gleaming golden shots most easily (at 1:55 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v04","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"p","x":"蓝色时刻则是天没完全黑透、又还没亮透的时段：天空呈现纯净的蓝色，与城市的暖色灯光形成冷暖对比，是拍城市夜景的黄金窗口。主页对每个时刻都给出精确到分钟的起止——北碚当日傍晚的蓝色时刻是 20:01 到 20:11，前后只有十分钟（视频 2:22 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Blue hour is the stretch when the sky is neither fully dark nor fully lit: it turns a pure blue that contrasts beautifully with the warm city lights — the prime window for urban night scenes. The home screen gives each window to the minute: that evening's blue hour in Beibei ran 20:01 to 20:11, just ten minutes end to end (at 2:22 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v05","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"h","x":"03 月相与月出月落：星空拍摄的甜点","xe":"03 Moon Phase and Moonset: the Sweet Spot for Stars"},{"t":"p","x":"右侧 Moon 一栏的月亮图标直接显示当晚月相。月亮太大（超过一半），月光太强，星星特别是银河中心会被月光淹没；完全无月的夜晚星空固然震撼，地景却往往一片死黑、杂乱无章（视频 2:57 处）。","b":false,"xe":"The moon icon in the Moon column shows the night's phase at a glance. A large moon (more than half lit) floods the sky and drowns the stars, especially the Milky Way core; a moonless night delivers a spectacular sky but leaves the landscape pitch black and muddy (at 2:57 in the video)."},{"t":"p","x":"Thomas 最喜欢的窗口是弦月——像一弯小牙的月亮，既给地景提供一定补光，又不至于让星空暗淡。当日月相只有 9%，月出 8:12、月落 21:38，意味着晚上九点半之前有细细的月光补地景，之后月亮落下，正是拍密集星空的纯黑时段（视频 3:44 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Thomas's favorite window is a crescent moon — a slim sliver that lends the landscape a touch of fill light without washing out the stars. On that day the moon was 9% lit, rising at 8:12 and setting at 21:38: until about half past nine the thin moonlight lifts the foreground, and after it sets the truly dark hours begin for dense starfields (at 3:44 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v06","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"img","f":"v07","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"h","x":"04 天文晨光始与天文昏影终","xe":"04 Astronomical Dawn and Dusk: the True Night"},{"t":"p","x":"页面下方两个词很多朋友不熟悉：天文晨光始与天文昏影终。它们圈出一天中完全不受太阳影响的时间——渝中当日是 21:13 之后到次日 4:46 之前，无论直射光还是散射光都不存在，这才是严格意义上的黑夜（视频 4:12 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Two terms lower on the page are unfamiliar to many: astronomical dawn and astronomical dusk. They bracket the part of the day completely free of any sunlight — on that day in Yuzhong, from 21:13 until 4:46 the next morning, with neither direct nor scattered sunlight. That is night in the strict sense (at 4:12 in the video)."},{"t":"p","x":"对拍银河来说，天文晨光始就是闹铃：4:46 一过，天空被太阳的散射光染亮、慢慢变紫，银河随之变淡；到 5:49 左右天色已经很亮，基本看不见星星了（视频 4:51 处）。想拍星空，就把核心战役安排在月落之后到天文晨光始之前；而晨光始到蓝色时刻之间有一个多小时的缓冲，正好收拾器材拍日出。","b":false,"xe":"For Milky Way shooters, astronomical dawn is the alarm bell: after 4:46 scattered sunlight brightens and purples the sky and the galaxy fades; by about 5:49 it is too bright to see many stars at all (at 4:51 in the video). Schedule your main star session between moonset and astronomical dawn; the hour-plus gap from astronomical dawn to blue hour is handy buffer for packing up and shooting the sunrise."},{"t":"h","x":"05 天气、云量与晚霞预测","xe":"05 Weather, Cloud Layers and Sunset-Glow Odds"},{"t":"p","x":"星空能不能拍成，天气预报是另一半答案。预报按天、又按小时给出温度、雨量、风速与云量（视频 5:25 处）：雨量 1.1 毫米说明正在下雨，0.0 毫米则是「有云无雨」，仍可出门碰运气；玩无人机的朋友要特别盯着风速一栏。","b":false,"xe":"Whether the stars appear at all depends on the other half: the weather. The forecast runs day by day and hour by hour, listing temperature, rain, wind speed and cloud cover (at 5:25 in the video): 1.1 mm of rain means it is raining, while 0.0 mm means cloudy but dry — still worth heading out; drone pilots should watch the wind column especially closely."},{"t":"img","f":"v08","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"p","x":"分层云量把从地面到约 9 公里高空的云层可视化：清晨高空云量高，白天云量减少，傍晚低空云起来就可能形成雾气或雨雾——想拍情绪片，这时就要留心（视频 6:21 处）。一个经验规律：晴天转雨天、再转晴天的切换期最容易出大片。视频里周一下午满天空云量、5 毫米级的大雨可以「放弃治疗」，而周三云量减小，反而是重庆最值得蹲守的一天（视频 6:42 处）。","b":false,"xe":"The layered cloud chart visualizes clouds from the ground up to about 9 km: high-altitude cloud dominates the early morning, thins by midday, and when low cloud builds in the evening, mist or rain fog may form — watch for it if you are after moody shots (at 6:21 in the video). One rule of thumb: the transition from clear to rainy and back to clear produces the most dramatic images. In the video, Monday afternoon's fully overcast, 5-mm-level downpour is a write-off, while Wednesday, as cloud cover falls, is the day worth staking out in Chongqing (at 6:42 in the video)."},{"t":"p","x":"不想硬读云图，就交给预测功能：晚霞预测直接给出概率——周六 26%，次日无，概率低就别白跑（视频 7:31 处）；朝霞原理相同；云海预测给出附近 100 公里 62% 的概率、最高概率时间 5:00（视频 8:04 处）；甚至还有彩虹预测。预测原理的详细推导，开发者释出在它的公众号里，感兴趣可以深入阅读。","b":false,"xe":"If reading cloud charts feels arcane, let the predictions speak: the sunset-glow forecast gives a straight probability — 26% for Saturday, none for the next two days; with odds that low, don't bother heading out (at 7:31 in the video). Sunrise glow works the same way; the sea-of-clouds forecast showed 62% within 100 km peaking at 5:00 (at 8:04 in the video); there is even a rainbow prediction. The developer publishes the full forecasting methodology on the app's official account for those curious."},{"t":"img","f":"v09","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"img","f":"v10","w":480,"h":996},{"t":"p","x":"有了这些信息，出行前你就已经知道日出日落、黑夜边界、月出月落和整周天气，甚至晚霞的概率：晚上晚霞概率 90%，就一定要提早到位；金光闪闪的大片和夜景大片各有各的时间窗。科技让风光摄影师不再盲目出门、靠天瞎撞，而是可以在空调房里有的放矢地完成策划，再去现场执行（视频 8:12 处）。","b":false,"xe":"With all this in hand, you know before leaving home the sunrise and sunset, the bounds of true night, moonrise and moonset, the whole week's weather, even the odds of sunset glow: at 90% you must be there early; golden masterpieces and night scenes each have their own window. Technology lets landscape photographers stop wandering out blind and instead plan with precision from an air-conditioned room, then execute on location (at 8:12 in the video)."},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 出发前先查目的地：日出日落与金色、蓝色时刻的精确起止，倒推到达机位的时间；2. 拍星空优选弦月夜——弦月给地景补光又不淹没银河，月落之后到天文晨光始之前是纯黑核心窗口；3. 逐小时天气盯雨量与风速，分层云量判断雾气云海，晴转雨的切换期最容易出大片；4. 晚霞、朝霞、云海、彩虹概率低就别白跑，概率高就提早到达机位。","xe":"1. Check your destination before you go: the exact windows of sunrise, sunset, golden and blue hours, and work backwards to arrival times; 2. Favor crescent-moon nights for stars — a sliver of moon lights the land without drowning the Milky Way, and the true-dark core runs from moonset to astronomical dawn; 3. Watch rain and wind in the hourly forecast, read layered cloud for mist and sea of clouds, and remember clear-to-rain transitions deliver the keepers; 4. When the odds of glow or rainbows are low, stay home — when they are high, arrive early."},{"t":"h","x":"手机竖版视频，建议全屏观看！","xe":"Vertical mobile video — best watched fullscreen!"},{"t":"h","x":"如何找到这个小程序？","xe":"How to find this mini app?"},{"t":"p","x":"点击下面小程序即可：","b":false,"xe":"Tap the mini-app card below:"}],"titleEn":"Predicting Sunset Glow Before You Go: How Photographers Plan Sunrise, Sunset & Milky Way Shoots"}