{"slug":"portrait-lighting-essentials","title":"一篇文章，理解人像摄影布光要点","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2017-06-29","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247485736&idx=1&sn=781cba51aca6a680b56cb505492528bc&chksm=eb81f74cdcf67e5aa11fe771c1dee27535b18309cb72666c1c4c483568754b5279e313149a2b&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"img","f":"img-01","w":1500,"h":844},{"t":"p","x":"导语：","b":false,"xe":"Introduction:"},{"t":"p","x":"“光”是决定摄影作品成败的关键要素。一名合格的人像摄影师需要有能力把握好自然光与环境光，并且合理适时地加入人造光来进行拍摄。","b":false,"xe":"\"Light\" is the key factor that decides whether a photograph succeeds or fails. A qualified portrait photographer must be able to handle natural light and ambient light, and add artificial light at the right time and in the right way."},{"t":"p","x":"本文将集中讨论人像摄影中自然光、城市光与人造光的特点和利用技巧。","b":false,"xe":"This article focuses on the characteristics of natural light, city light, and artificial light in portrait photography, and how to use them."},{"t":"h","x":"1. 三种光源的特点","xe":"1. The Characteristics of the Three Light Sources"},{"t":"p","x":"自然光：这无疑是摄影师最常遇到的光源了。虽然利用几率高，但是其多变，易受天气影响的特点难免会给摄影师增添烦恼。不过比起闪光灯布光，自然光在应用上也更加直观，也不容易受到场地的限制，拍摄成本更低。自然光还有另外一个特点，那就是容易被观众所接受。根据一项针对500PX受众群体的调查发现，观众更喜欢用自然光拍摄的照片，或许这也是长期生活在自然光环境里的人们的本能反应吧。","b":false,"xe":"Natural light: undoubtedly the light source photographers encounter most often. Although used most frequently, its changeability and susceptibility to weather inevitably cause trouble. But compared with flash lighting, natural light is more intuitive to apply, less restricted by location, and cheaper to shoot with. It has another trait: it is easily accepted by viewers. A survey of the 500px audience found that viewers prefer photos shot with natural light — perhaps an instinctive response from people who have lived in natural light all their lives."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1024,"h":576},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：@帅嘤嘤","b":false,"xe":"Model: @帅嘤嘤"},{"t":"p","x":"城市光：这种光源往往在夜景人像中发挥着巨大的作用。在不额外增加人为布光的前提下，利用这种光源的制胜关键在于找到高质量的主体光源以及合适的背景光源。相比自然光而言，城市光利用起来更有挑战，但是光源稳定，一旦把握好了，那么利用起来就得心应手。","b":false,"xe":"City light: this source often plays a huge role in nighttime portraits. Without adding any artificial lighting, the key to winning with this source is finding a high-quality key light and a suitable background light. Compared with natural light, city light is more challenging to use, but the sources are stable — once mastered, they serve you effortlessly."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":683,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：鱼丸","b":false,"xe":"Model: Yuwan"},{"t":"p","x":"人造光：人造光源一般有两种，常亮灯（例如LED光源）和闪光灯。这无疑是三种光源中“逼格”最高也是光影视觉冲击力最大的，但是其麻烦的操作，庞大的投入以及对团队的依赖难免让人望而却步。因为上述原因，许多新人也会误将人造光布光能力视为评价摄影师用光水准的指标，而实际上，这三种光源的使用原则基本一致，难度皆无上限，只是看起来照明途径不同而已。","b":false,"xe":"Artificial light: artificial sources generally come in two kinds — continuous lights (such as LEDs) and flashes. These are undoubtedly the most \"prestigious\" of the three sources with the greatest visual impact, but their fiddly operation, heavy investment, and dependence on a crew understandably scare people off. For these reasons, many beginners mistakenly regard artificial-lighting skill as the measure of a photographer's lighting ability. In reality, the principles of using all three sources are basically the same, the difficulty ceiling is equally unlimited — only the lighting route looks different."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：@无敌少女天","b":false,"xe":"Model: @无敌少女天"},{"t":"h","x":"2. 三种光源的使用原则","xe":"2. Principles for Using the Three Light Sources"},{"t":"p","x":"用光“把人照好看”而不仅仅是“把人照亮”。","b":false,"xe":"Use light to \"make the person look good\", not merely to \"light the person up\"."},{"t":"p","x":"“切记切记”","b":false,"xe":"\"Remember this, remember this.\""},{"t":"h","x":"3. 自然光在人像中的应用","xe":"3. Natural Light in Portraiture"},{"t":"h","x":"3.1 自然光强度与方向","xe":"3.1 Natural Light Intensity and Direction"},{"t":"p","x":"自然光根据明度划分，有强光、弱光和微光。","b":false,"xe":"By brightness, natural light falls into strong light, weak light, and faint light."},{"t":"p","x":"其中，强光环境往往是有阳光直射的户外。此时光比最大，光源冲击力也最强。","b":false,"xe":"Strong light usually means direct sunlight outdoors. That's when the lighting ratio is greatest and the light hits hardest."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":683,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：Lena","b":false,"xe":"Model: Lena"},{"t":"p","x":"阴雨天或者室内拍摄的时候，往往属于弱光环境。此时光比相对较小，控制曝光相对容易，很适合新人练习，培养对光源方向的感知。","b":false,"xe":"Overcast or rainy days and indoor shoots are usually weak-light environments. The lighting ratio is relatively small and exposure is easier to control — great for beginners practicing their sense of light direction."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":1024,"h":576},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：@无敌少女天","b":false,"xe":"Model: @无敌少女天"},{"t":"p","x":"微光环境多见于夜景，比较考验相机的高感表现以及镜头光圈大小。倘若是在城市环境中，则光源较多，拍摄时需要理清主次。","b":false,"xe":"Faint-light environments are mostly night scenes, which test a camera's high-ISO performance and a lens's maximum aperture. In urban environments there are many light sources, so you need to sort out which is primary when shooting."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":683,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：无敌少女天","b":false,"xe":"Model: 无敌少女天"},{"t":"p","x":"自然光根据方向划分，有顺光、逆光和侧逆光。","b":false,"xe":"By direction, natural light falls into front light, backlight, and side-backlight."},{"t":"p","x":"在顺光环境下，往往人物的亮度大于背景的亮度，可以和背景形成反差，突出人物。","b":false,"xe":"With front light, the subject is usually brighter than the background, creating contrast that makes the subject stand out."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":1024,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"顺光的特点：","b":false,"xe":"Front light characteristics:"},{"t":"p","x":"·光影分配：前亮后暗","b":false,"xe":"·Light distribution: bright in front, dark behind"},{"t":"p","x":"·视觉效果：主体突出","b":false,"xe":"·Visual effect: subject stands out"},{"t":"p","x":"·拍摄难度：较小","b":false,"xe":"·Shooting difficulty: low"},{"t":"p","x":"·视觉冲击力：较弱","b":false,"xe":"·Visual impact: weak"},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：浴巾","b":false,"xe":"Model: Yujin"},{"t":"p","x":"在逆光环境下，人物处于相机和光源之间，光源照亮环境，但是人物处于暗部，虽然人物和背景在亮度上有着很大的反差，有时候也能看见好看的轮廓光，但是人物主体细节较少，面部光影也不美观。","b":false,"xe":"With backlight, the subject sits between camera and light source. The source lights the environment while the subject falls in shadow. Although subject and background differ greatly in brightness and you sometimes get a nice rim light, the subject shows little detail and the modeling of the face is unflattering."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1024,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"逆光特点：","b":false,"xe":"Backlight characteristics:"},{"t":"p","x":"·光影分配：前暗后亮","b":false,"xe":"·Light distribution: dark in front, bright behind"},{"t":"p","x":"·视觉效果：主体轮廓突出","b":false,"xe":"·Visual effect: subject outline emphasized"},{"t":"p","x":"·拍摄难度：较大","b":false,"xe":"·Shooting difficulty: high"},{"t":"p","x":"·视觉冲击力：强","b":false,"xe":"·Visual impact: strong"},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：浴巾","b":false,"xe":"Model: Yujin"},{"t":"p","x":"侧逆光环境意味着尽管人物基本处于相机和光源之间，但是光源与人物形成夹角，形成轮廓光的同时照亮人物一侧，让人物的层次更强，细节相对逆光更多。","b":false,"xe":"Side-backlight means the subject is still roughly between camera and source, but the source meets the subject at an angle — forming a rim light while also illuminating one side of the subject, giving more depth and somewhat more detail than pure backlight."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":1024,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"侧逆光特点：","b":false,"xe":"Side-backlight characteristics:"},{"t":"p","x":"·光影分配：前暗后亮","b":false,"xe":"·Light distribution: dark in front, bright behind"},{"t":"p","x":"·视觉效果：主体轮廓突出，保留一定细节","b":false,"xe":"·Visual effect: outline emphasized, some detail retained"},{"t":"p","x":"·拍摄难度：一般","b":false,"xe":"·Shooting difficulty: medium"},{"t":"p","x":"·视觉冲击力：强","b":false,"xe":"·Visual impact: strong"},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":683,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：帅嘤嘤","b":false,"xe":"Model: 帅嘤嘤"},{"t":"p","x":"散射光常见于阴天户外，云层挡住了太阳，像一个巨大的柔光罩将光线均匀地铺洒到每一个角落。由于光影过渡太柔和，缺乏明确的影调，这种情况下不论人物还是环境的层次都不明显。虽然拍摄容易，但是视觉效果较弱。","b":false,"xe":"Diffused light is common on overcast days: clouds block the sun and act like a giant softbox, spreading light evenly into every corner. Because the light-shadow transition is too soft and there is no clear tonal structure, neither the subject nor the environment shows much depth. It's easy to shoot, but the visual impact is weak."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":1024,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"散射光特点：","b":false,"xe":"Diffused light characteristics:"},{"t":"p","x":"·光影分配：无","b":false,"xe":"·Light distribution: none"},{"t":"p","x":"·视觉效果：较差","b":false,"xe":"·Visual effect: poor"},{"t":"p","x":"·拍摄难度：低","b":false,"xe":"·Shooting difficulty: low"},{"t":"p","x":"·视觉冲击力：弱","b":false,"xe":"·Visual impact: weak"},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":1024,"h":576},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：帅嘤嘤","b":false,"xe":"Model: 帅嘤嘤"},{"t":"h","x":"3.2 光影与构图","xe":"3.2 Light, Shadow, and Composition"},{"t":"p","x":"在谈到构图的时候，许多人都会想到画面中的点、线、面。但是除了极简摄影之外，绝大多数情况仅依靠这三个要素是不够的。因为图片虽然是一个2D的平面，但是摄影师的工作是在2D上展现3D的效果，此时不仅要考虑图片在横向上的构图，也需要利用光影的变化来加强画面的“纵深感”。","b":false,"xe":"When people talk about composition, many think of points, lines, and planes. But except in minimalist photography, these three elements alone are not enough. A picture is a 2D plane, yet the photographer's job is to present a 3D effect on it — so beyond horizontal composition, you must use changes of light and shadow to strengthen the image's \"depth\"."},{"t":"p","x":"下图中，三棵明度不同的树配合较亮的背景构建了图片纵向上的空间，人物的位置处于黄金分割并且利用直射光产生了较强的反差和质感，一方面确立人物的主体地位，另一方面将人物放在这个纵向空间的中间位置，加强画面立体感。","b":false,"xe":"In the image below, three trees of different brightness together with a brighter background build the image's vertical space. The subject sits at the golden-section point, and direct light creates strong contrast and texture — establishing the subject's dominance on one hand, and placing them in the middle of this vertical space on the other, strengthening the image's dimensionality."},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":1024,"h":682},{"t":"h","x":"3.3 选择恰当的时机","xe":"3.3 Choosing the Right Moment"},{"t":"p","x":"既然拍摄自然光人像最重要的是适应环境的变化，拍摄时机的选择就显得尤为重要。一天之中最适合摄影的时间段基本集中在日出日落前后30分钟。","b":false,"xe":"Since the key to natural-light portraiture is adapting to the environment's changes, choosing the right moment matters enormously. The best times of day for photography are basically the 30 minutes before and after sunrise and sunset."},{"t":"img","f":"img-17","w":772,"h":536},{"t":"img","f":"img-18","w":762,"h":155},{"t":"h","x":"3.4 自然光技巧归纳","xe":"3.4 Natural Light Techniques in Summary"},{"t":"p","x":"在自然光拍摄人像的时候，光和影要结合起来思考，针对不同的拍摄主体选择相应的光照强度、光源方向以及恰当的拍摄时间，才能让自然光在拍摄中发挥更大的作用。后期的时候，原则上不要破坏原本图片的光影比例，倘若想要通过后期改变原图的光影关系，那么则需要更深入的学习才能较好地达成目标。","b":false,"xe":"When shooting portraits in natural light, think of light and shadow together: choose the appropriate light intensity, light direction, and shooting time for different subjects, so natural light plays a bigger role. In post, don't break the original image's light-shadow ratio as a rule; if you want to change the light relationships in post, deeper study is needed to do it well."},{"t":"h","x":"4. 城市光在人像摄影中的应用","xe":"4. City Light in Portrait Photography"},{"t":"p","x":"除了日间自然光以外，摄影师经常会遇到的光照环境就是城市夜景的灯光了。许多人会误以为城市光强度弱，街道上光线色彩也更杂乱，那么城市夜景就必须依靠额外的灯光来弥补。而实际上，城市中也有许多高质量光源等着你去发掘。","b":false,"xe":"Besides daytime natural light, the lighting environment photographers most often encounter is urban night lighting. Many people mistakenly think city light is weak and street colors messy, so night scenes must rely on extra lights to compensate. In fact, the city holds many high-quality light sources waiting to be discovered."},{"t":"h","x":"4.1 城市光源类型","xe":"4.1 Types of City Light Sources"},{"t":"p","x":"光源1：方向明确的环境光","b":false,"xe":"Source 1: ambient light with a clear direction"},{"t":"p","x":"这也是最容易把握的光源。 光源很单一，视觉冲击力大，适合拍摄剪影。","b":false,"xe":"This is also the easiest source to master. The source is singular with strong visual impact — great for silhouettes."},{"t":"img","f":"img-19","w":1024,"h":576},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：汐十","b":false,"xe":"Model: Xishi"},{"t":"p","x":"焦段：16mm","b":false,"xe":"Focal length: 16mm"},{"t":"p","x":"光圈：f2.8","b":false,"xe":"Aperture: f/2.8"},{"t":"p","x":"快门：2s","b":false,"xe":"Shutter: 2s"},{"t":"p","x":"ISO：5000（这张图比较特殊，只能拼iso，下面的案例对iso要求不高）","b":false,"xe":"ISO: 5000 (this shot is special — ISO was the only option; the cases below don't demand high ISO)"},{"t":"p","x":"这种光源的弊端是，光线太微弱，最好使用感光度较好的相机拍摄。","b":false,"xe":"The drawback of this source is that the light is very faint — it's best to shoot with a camera that has good high-ISO performance."},{"t":"img","f":"img-20","w":1024,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"光源2：广告牌","b":false,"xe":"Source 2: billboards"},{"t":"p","x":"路边的广告牌就是非常好的光源之一。两米多的高度，一米多的宽度。这个柔光范围不是随便哪个柔光箱能达到的。而且广告牌的位置一般都很好，位于人行道上，靠近马路。给人物站位以及背景环境留下了很充足的空间。","b":false,"xe":"Roadside billboards are among the best light sources: over two meters tall and over a meter wide — a soft-light area no ordinary softbox can match. Billboards are also usually well placed, on sidewalks near the road, leaving plenty of room for the subject's position and the background environment."},{"t":"img","f":"img-21","w":683,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：无敌少女天","b":false,"xe":"Model: 无敌少女天"},{"t":"p","x":"焦段：50mm","b":false,"xe":"Focal length: 50mm"},{"t":"p","x":"光圈：f1.6","b":false,"xe":"Aperture: f/1.6"},{"t":"p","x":"快门：1/125s","b":false,"xe":"Shutter: 1/125s"},{"t":"p","x":"ISO：5000（恶劣环境下拍摄，需要左手打伞，单手持握相机，需要提高iso保证快门速度，一般情况下光圈f1.4，快门1/60，iso 2000即可）","b":false,"xe":"ISO: 5000 (shot in harsh conditions — holding an umbrella in my left hand and the camera one-handed, so I raised ISO to keep the shutter fast; normally f/1.4, 1/60s, ISO 2000 would do)"},{"t":"img","f":"img-22","w":1024,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"广告牌作为补光光源，从环境光反方向对人物侧面进行补光，削弱背景光的地位，突出人物细节。此时要注意，人物身上的光照强度依然不能超越背景光太多，否则会导致光线太突兀，破坏整体影调。","b":false,"xe":"The billboard serves as fill from the opposite direction of the ambient light, lighting the subject's side, weakening the background light's dominance and bringing out the subject's detail. Note that the light on the subject still must not exceed the background light by too much, or it will look abrupt and break the overall tonality."},{"t":"p","x":"光源3：商场外侧的橱窗","b":false,"xe":"Source 3: shop windows outside malls"},{"t":"p","x":"商场外侧的橱窗无疑是柔光面积最大的光源了。也是光线亮度很高很稳定的。大面积柔光带来的好处是，人物明暗过渡非常柔和，而光源亮度高，也可以大幅度提高画质。如果找靠近橱窗的地方拍摄的话，你会发现拍摄夜景非常轻松。","b":false,"xe":"Shop windows outside malls are undoubtedly the largest soft-light source, and also very bright and stable. The benefit of a large soft source is extremely gentle light-dark transitions on the subject, and the high brightness greatly improves image quality. If you shoot close to a shop window, you'll find night portraits remarkably easy."},{"t":"img","f":"img-23","w":683,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：鱼丸","b":false,"xe":"Model: Yuwan"},{"t":"p","x":"焦段：50mm","b":false,"xe":"Focal length: 50mm"},{"t":"p","x":"光圈：f1.6","b":false,"xe":"Aperture: f/1.6"},{"t":"p","x":"快门：1/60s","b":false,"xe":"Shutter: 1/60s"},{"t":"p","x":"ISO：2000","b":false,"xe":"ISO：2000"},{"t":"img","f":"img-24","w":1024,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"橱窗作为主光源照亮人物侧面及正面，方法与广告牌补光一致，但是画质和阴影质量更高。","b":false,"xe":"The shop window acts as the key light, illuminating the subject's side and front — the same method as billboard fill, but with higher image quality and shadow quality."},{"t":"h","x":"4.2 城市光源技巧归纳：","xe":"4.2 City Light Techniques in Summary:"},{"t":"p","x":"·寻找柔光面积大的发光体，可以是广告牌，公交站，电子屏，也可以是楼房，甚至是整个城市。","b":false,"xe":"·Look for luminous surfaces with large soft areas — billboards, bus stops, electronic screens, even whole buildings or the entire city."},{"t":"p","x":"·思考城市环境中光源的方向和强度。单一光源方向的情况非常少，因为路灯，楼房，地面反射都会有光线投射到人物身上。这时候需要把握好人物和各个光源之间的距离。","b":false,"xe":"·Think about the direction and intensity of light sources in the urban environment. Single-source situations are rare, because street lamps, buildings, and ground reflections all throw light onto the subject. You need to manage the distances between the subject and each source."},{"t":"p","x":"·注意前景光和背景光的强度比例，光比越大，层次越分明，但并不是差别越大越好。","b":false,"xe":"·Mind the intensity ratio between foreground light and background light. The bigger the ratio, the clearer the layering — but bigger is not always better."},{"t":"p","x":"·白平衡很难完美，尽量找和环境光色温相近的补光光源。如果环境都是黄光路灯，那最好不要找白色的广告牌作为主光源。","b":false,"xe":"·White balance can rarely be perfect; try to find fill sources whose color temperature is close to the ambient. If the environment is all yellow street lamps, a white billboard is a poor choice for a key light."},{"t":"h","x":"5. 人造光在人像摄影中的应用","xe":"5. Artificial Light in Portrait Photography"},{"t":"p","x":"倘若城市光无法满足夜景人像拍摄需求，或者摄影师想额外营造更有冲击力的造型光效，那么此时就需要让闪光灯或者常亮灯登场了。","b":false,"xe":"When city light can't meet the needs of a night portrait, or the photographer wants to create more dramatic modeled lighting, it's time for flashes or continuous lights to take the stage."},{"t":"p","x":"闪光灯的使用原则和自然光是一样的。光线质量的好坏和不同方向照在妹纸身上的光源都有着巨大的关系。","b":false,"xe":"The principles of flash use are the same as natural light. The quality of light and the direction from which it falls on your subject make an enormous difference."},{"t":"p","x":"所以在大家投入巨资购买大量灯光设备之前，让我们来讨论下，需要哪些要素来达到漂亮的人造光效果。","b":false,"xe":"So before everyone invests huge sums in mountains of lighting gear, let's discuss which elements are needed for beautiful artificial light."},{"t":"p","x":"最基本的夜景灯光设备无疑就是一盏闪光灯了。但是闪光灯发光面积小，基本可以视为点光源，会让人物面部光影分割过于清晰，过渡生硬，效果较差。","b":false,"xe":"The most basic night lighting gear is undoubtedly a single flash. But a flash head is small — essentially a point source — which splits light and shadow on the face too sharply, with harsh transitions and a poor result."},{"t":"img","f":"img-25","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：帅嘤嘤","b":false,"xe":"Model: 帅嘤嘤"},{"t":"img","f":"img-26","w":1024,"h":654},{"t":"p","x":"首先，需要高质量的光源照亮主体，而高质量的光源意味着光源面积足够大。","b":false,"xe":"First, you need a high-quality source to light the subject — and a high-quality source means one with a sufficiently large area."},{"t":"p","x":"那么我们至少需要使用柔光伞或者柔光板将生硬的灯光过滤一遍。","b":false,"xe":"So we need at least an umbrella or a diffusion panel to filter the harsh light once."},{"t":"img","f":"img-27","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"img","f":"img-28","w":1024,"h":654},{"t":"p","x":"但是柔光伞其实光线质量并不是非常理想,毕竟面积太小,而且光线太散,缺乏方向性…所以,如果有人帮忙的话,可以考虑用柔光板进行二次滤光。","b":false,"xe":"But the light quality of an umbrella is actually not ideal — its area is still small, and the light is too scattered, lacking direction. So if someone can help, consider a diffusion panel for a second pass of filtering."},{"t":"img","f":"img-29","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"img","f":"img-30","w":1024,"h":654},{"t":"p","x":"这里切记一点…板子或伞和人物的距离直接决定了光线包裹性。如果太远了的话,光线质量其实并不高,靠得越近越柔和。","b":false,"xe":"One thing to remember: the distance between the panel or umbrella and the subject directly determines how enveloping the light is. Too far away, and the light quality drops — the closer, the softer."},{"t":"img","f":"img-31","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"p","x":"除了单灯之外，最基本的三灯布局就是如下图所示，主灯照亮人物正面，辅灯补光，降低亮部与暗部的光比。背面的灯勾勒出轮廓。","b":false,"xe":"Beyond a single light, the most basic three-light layout is shown below: the key light illuminates the subject's front, the fill light adds fill to reduce the ratio between bright and dark, and the back light outlines the silhouette."},{"t":"img","f":"img-32","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"img","f":"img-33","w":1024,"h":1024},{"t":"h","x":"5. 不同光源的光照质量对比","xe":"5. Comparing the Light Quality of Different Sources"},{"t":"p","x":"下面四张图分别是柔光伞，LED灯棒，广告牌和橱窗的补光效果。可以看到的是LED灯棒产生的影子最硬，广告牌相对好一些，而橱窗效果最柔和。柔光伞的光源强度最大，图片噪点最少。而覆盖范围和光影过渡效果都很不理想，在恶劣天气也无法使用。但是有LED灯棒或者闪光灯的好处就是可以任意调整光源位置和强度。","b":false,"xe":"The four images below show the fill effects of an umbrella, an LED light stick, a billboard, and a shop window. You can see the LED stick casts the hardest shadows, the billboard is somewhat better, and the shop window is the softest. The umbrella has the strongest output and the least noise in the image, but its coverage and transition quality are far from ideal, and it can't be used in bad weather. The advantage of an LED stick or flash is that you can freely adjust the source's position and intensity."},{"t":"p","x":"柔光伞：","b":false,"xe":"Umbrella:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-34","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：浴巾","b":false,"xe":"Model: Yujin"},{"t":"p","x":"LED 影视灯：","b":false,"xe":"LED video light:"},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：无敌少女天","b":false,"xe":"Model: 无敌少女天"},{"t":"p","x":"广告牌：","b":false,"xe":"Billboard:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-35","w":1024,"h":683},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：无敌少女天","b":false,"xe":"Model: 无敌少女天"},{"t":"p","x":"橱窗：","b":false,"xe":"Shop window:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-36","w":683,"h":1024},{"t":"p","x":"出镜：鱼丸","b":false,"xe":"Model: Yuwan"},{"t":"h","x":"结语","xe":"Conclusion"},{"t":"p","x":"本教程综合介绍了拍摄人像常用的三种光源特点以及使用方法。每种光源都有其独特的优势和一定的劣势，需要摄影师根据照片题材、风格来选择或营造合适的光效。在实践操作中，不论你选择哪种光源，都应切记以下几点原则：","b":false,"xe":"This tutorial gave a comprehensive introduction to the three light sources commonly used in portraiture and how to use them. Each source has unique strengths and certain weaknesses; the photographer must choose or create the appropriate light according to the subject and style. In practice, whichever source you choose, always keep these principles in mind:"},{"t":"h","x":"·高光不过曝","xe":"·Don't blow out the highlights"},{"t":"h","x":"·暗部不死黑","xe":"·Don't crush the shadows to dead black"},{"t":"h","x":"·画面各部分光照保持比例平衡","xe":"·Keep the lighting of all parts of the frame in balanced proportion"},{"t":"h","x":"·学会灵活组合搭配各种光源","xe":"·Learn to flexibly combine different light sources"},{"t":"p","x":"希望大家通过本教程能够对人像布光有一个综合的理解，但只看理论是远远不够的。唯有多实践才能获得更快的技术提升。","b":false,"xe":"I hope this tutorial gives you a comprehensive understanding of portrait lighting, but theory alone is never enough. Only practice brings faster improvement."},{"t":"h","x":"帅哥作者","xe":"The handsome author"},{"t":"img","f":"img-37","w":640,"h":640},{"t":"h","x":"▲ 冯韬（Terry F）","xe":"▲ Feng Tao (Terry F)"},{"t":"p","x":"美国Getty Image 签约摄影师","b":false,"xe":"Getty Images contributing photographer"},{"t":"p","x":"华盖创意签约摄影师","b":false,"xe":"Huagai Creative contributing photographer"},{"t":"p","x":"Lofter大神","b":false,"xe":"Lofter master"},{"t":"p","x":"微博：@Terry-F","b":false,"xe":"Weibo: @Terry-F"},{"t":"p","x":"Lofter: terryfengphotography.lofter.com","b":false,"xe":"Lofter: terryfengphotography.lofter.com"},{"t":"h","x":"欢迎关注@Thomas看看世界，","xe":"Follow @Thomas Chu Photo,"},{"t":"h","x":"每周学会一个摄影技能。","xe":"and learn one photography skill every week."}],"titleEn":"Portrait Lighting Essentials in One Article"}