{"slug":"post-processing-5-myths","title":"摄影后期中的5大误区，你中招了吗？","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2017-06-01","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247485615&idx=1&sn=6ac35fb4c07bf567eaa858588b992b56&chksm=eb81f6cbdcf67fdd1cfa90767a879eec18271c0de3c88ba3bd409ce4481b6e651d64a6bbbb41&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"摄影是一门视觉的艺术。照片后期没有万能公式和通用参数。很多大家习惯性的操作，其实反而让我们陷入了误区。","b":false,"xe":"Photography is a visual art. There is no universal formula or set of parameters for post-processing. Many habitual operations actually lead us into misconceptions."},{"t":"p","x":"Terry F老师总结了摄影师在后期常见的5大误区，你中招了吗？","b":false,"xe":"Teacher Terry F has summed up the five most common post-processing mistakes photographers make. Are you guilty of any?"},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1200,"h":675},{"t":"p","x":"许多人在学过一段时间照片后期之后，不经意间会产生一些不好的习惯和观念。这里简单地罗列五个当前最常见的误区并进行分析，供大家在后期的时候参考。文章中引用了一些案例，仅供教学说明，均为百度图片随机挑选，只针对误区现象不针对个人。","b":false,"xe":"After learning post-processing for a while, many people unconsciously develop bad habits and notions. Here we list and analyze the five most common mistakes for your reference. Some cases are quoted in this article for teaching purposes only, randomly picked from Baidu Images — they target the phenomena, not any individual."},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"误区一：细节越多越好","xe":"Myth 1: The More Detail, the Better"},{"t":"p","x":"对细节的展现能力确实是衡量后期功力的一个标准之一。这也是商业广告或者图库摄影师必须具备的一个技能。因为这一类图片往往需要输出较大画幅，那么细节的多少对最终效果的影响就很大了。","b":false,"xe":"The ability to render detail is indeed one measure of post-processing skill, and a must-have for commercial or stock photographers, because such images often need to be printed at large sizes, where the amount of detail greatly affects the final result."},{"t":"p","x":"然而有些朋友在学习了一段时间的后期之后，会过度在意画面的细节，这就很容易让画面缺乏层次，甚至显得很“脏”。","b":false,"xe":"However, after learning post-processing for a while, some friends care too much about detail, which easily makes the picture lose its sense of layering and even look 'dirty'."},{"t":"p","x":"这个情况在旅行（风景）摄影里面十分常见。如下图：","b":false,"xe":"This is very common in travel (landscape) photography. For example:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":1600,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"作者：Don Julien","b":false,"xe":"Author: Don Julien"},{"t":"p","x":"还有下图：","b":false,"xe":"And also:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":540,"h":1012},{"t":"p","x":"图片来源：wreck-photography","b":false,"xe":"Source: wreck-photography"},{"t":"p","x":"以及下图：","b":false,"xe":"And:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":540,"h":365},{"t":"p","x":"图片作者：Degsy","b":false,"xe":"Author: Degsy"},{"t":"p","x":"这些作品无一例外地过分提高全图的细节效果，导致画面中一些原本就是多余的细节非常突出，进而显得画面不干净。","b":false,"xe":"These works all, without exception, excessively boost detail across the whole frame, making originally redundant detail stand out and the picture look unclean."},{"t":"p","x":"在人像摄影中也存在这样的误区。尤其需要点名的是近几年的婚纱摄影中常见的HDR人像风格。","b":false,"xe":"The same misconception exists in portrait photography — most notably the HDR portrait style common in wedding photography in recent years."},{"t":"p","x":"例如下图：","b":false,"xe":"For example:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":1500,"h":849},{"t":"p","x":"Luis Fernando Medrano Navarro","b":false,"xe":"Luis Fernando Medrano Navarro"},{"t":"p","x":"还有下图：","b":false,"xe":"And also:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1024,"h":676},{"t":"p","x":"图片作者：Fraser Ross","b":false,"xe":"Author: Fraser Ross"},{"t":"p","x":"上面两位摄影师均有佳作，但是在这两张片子上缺略施水准，前者光影结构失真，后者清晰度太高显得很脏。","b":false,"xe":"Both photographers above have excellent works, but these two photos fall short: the former has a distorted light-and-shadow structure, and the latter has such high clarity that it looks dirty."},{"t":"p","x":"另外，有些教程在编辑过程中也有些欠妥。如下：","b":false,"xe":"Besides, the editing process in some tutorials is also questionable. For example:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":690,"h":660},{"t":"p","x":"文章作者：修图师小岳","b":false,"xe":"Author: Retoucher Xiao Yue"},{"t":"p","x":"在这一步里，为了做人像HDR效果，作者将清晰度对比度都+100","b":false,"xe":"In this step, to create a portrait HDR effect, the author pushed both Clarity and Contrast to +100."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":690,"h":660},{"t":"p","x":"文章作者：修图师小岳","b":false,"xe":"Author: Retoucher Xiao Yue"},{"t":"p","x":"在接下来的一步里，继续对建筑物大幅度增加清晰度。","b":false,"xe":"In the next step, clarity was further increased dramatically on the buildings."},{"t":"p","x":"清晰度滑块可以强化画面中物体的边缘，也容易让一些细节过度强化，显得“脏”或者“生硬”。因此即使是做HDR的效果，也需要把握清晰度和锐化的程度，将其控制在视觉看着舒服的程度。尤其是当画面主体体现的是“柔美”“安静”这类感觉的时候，更要慎重使用HDR效果。","b":false,"xe":"The Clarity slider strengthens the edges of objects in the frame, but it can also over-emphasize detail, making things look 'dirty' or 'harsh'. So even for an HDR effect, clarity and sharpening must be kept at a visually comfortable level — especially when the subject conveys something 'soft' or 'quiet', use HDR with extra caution."},{"t":"p","x":"一张成功的人物HDR也需要合适的题材以及足够强大的后期和审美。","b":false,"xe":"A successful portrait HDR also needs a suitable subject, strong post skills and good aesthetics."},{"t":"p","x":"如下图，就是很优秀的人像HDR作品","b":false,"xe":"The image below, for instance, is an excellent HDR portrait."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1219,"h":811},{"t":"p","x":"作者：Adrian Donoghue","b":false,"xe":"Author: Adrian Donoghue"},{"t":"p","x":"而一张成功的风景照片，是保留细节，而不是强行刻画细节。","b":false,"xe":"A successful landscape photo preserves detail rather than forcibly carving it out."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1541,"h":766},{"t":"p","x":"图片作者：Lauri Lohi","b":false,"xe":"Author: Lauri Lohi"},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"误区二：高光-100，阴影+100","xe":"Myth 2: Highlights -100, Shadows +100"},{"t":"p","x":"不知道这个坏习惯是谁传播开来的，但是这也导致了许多人盲目地暴力调节高光和阴影两个滑块。甚至有人把这个当成了后期必须做的一步。","b":false,"xe":"Nobody knows who spread this bad habit, but it has led many people to blindly and violently drag the Highlights and Shadows sliders — some even treat it as a mandatory step in post."},{"t":"p","x":"首先我们需要明白，降低高光可以在Raw里面找回一部分亮部细节，提高阴影也是为了找回暗部细节。但是并不是所有的图片都需要大幅度调节高光阴影，例如下面这个教程中，作者将高光-100并提高整体亮度和暗部亮度之后，画面原本的光影层次被破坏。虽然作者利用其它手段让画面清晰度和锐度大大提升，但是山峰的质感反而下降了。","b":false,"xe":"First we must understand: lowering Highlights recovers some bright detail in the Raw file, and raising Shadows recovers dark detail. But not every image needs aggressive highlight/shadow adjustments. In the tutorial below, for example, after the author set Highlights to -100 and raised overall and shadow brightness, the original light-and-shadow layering of the scene was destroyed. Although the author greatly improved clarity and sharpness by other means, the texture of the mountain actually degraded."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":500,"h":333},{"t":"p","x":"文章作者：李文超","b":false,"xe":"Author: Li Wenchao"},{"t":"p","x":"原图山峰亮部和暗部分明，光源方向明确，质感较强","b":false,"xe":"In the raw file, the mountain's bright and dark areas are distinct, the light direction is clear, and the texture is strong."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":500,"h":496},{"t":"p","x":"作者降低100高光，提高31阴影，虽然没有提高100的阴影，但是这个动作也足以让原图中的光影层次感大幅度降低。","b":false,"xe":"The author lowered Highlights by 100 and raised Shadows by 31 — not a full +100 on shadows, but enough to greatly reduce the sense of light-and-shadow layering in the original."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":500,"h":333},{"t":"p","x":"完成图中山峰亮部和暗部差距较小，光源方向不明确，质感较弱。因此在画面光影反差原本就不大的图片中暴力压缩高光阴影的方法并不妥当。","b":false,"xe":"In the finished image, the gap between the mountain's bright and dark areas is small, the light direction is unclear, and the texture is weak. So violently compressing highlights and shadows is inappropriate for images whose tonal contrast is already low."},{"t":"p","x":"而真正需要大幅度-高光+阴影的情况一般只有以下两种：","b":false,"xe":"The situations that genuinely call for big -Highlights/+Shadows moves are generally only these two:"},{"t":"p","x":"1. 需要在后期中重塑光影结构的作品（合成类居多）","b":false,"xe":"1. Works that need their light structure rebuilt in post (mostly composites)"},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":1200,"h":750},{"t":"p","x":"大光比或者逆光拍摄的作品","b":false,"xe":"Works shot in high dynamic range scenes or backlit"},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":1372,"h":910},{"t":"p","x":"图片作者：TJ Drysdale","b":false,"xe":"Author: TJ Drysdale"},{"t":"h","x":"3","xe":"3"},{"t":"h","x":"误区3：滥用胶片曲线","xe":"Myth 3: Abusing the Film Curve"},{"t":"p","x":"那么首先，什么是胶片曲线呢？这里引用“蜡笔小C”在POCO上面的一篇教程说明。","b":false,"xe":"So first of all, what is a film curve? Here we quote a tutorial by 'Crayon Xiao C' on POCO to explain."},{"t":"img","f":"img-17","w":750,"h":708},{"t":"img","f":"img-18","w":408,"h":309},{"t":"p","x":"如图中，略微压暗高光和白色，大幅度提高阴影和黑色的操作就基本构成了典型的“胶片曲线”。","b":false,"xe":"As shown, slightly darkening highlights and whites while greatly lifting shadows and blacks basically forms the typical 'film curve'."},{"t":"p","x":"这种操作最直观的效果就是让高光和暗部发灰，减少暗部细节。利用得当的话，可以让画面氛围感加强。于是乎，当相关教程出现以后，许多人没有把教程吃透，盲目套用这种曲线，结果网上很快就充斥着滥用胶片曲线的图片了。","b":false,"xe":"The most immediate effect of this move is grayish highlights and shadows with reduced shadow detail. Used well, it can strengthen the mood of a picture. But once related tutorials appeared, many people applied this curve blindly without fully understanding it, and the internet was soon flooded with photos abusing the film curve."},{"t":"p","x":"但是将这一曲线（以及很多含有这一曲线的预设或者滤镜）用在不合适的照片上，那么其效果往往适得其反。下面用两个案例说明：","b":false,"xe":"Yet when this curve (and the many presets or filters containing it) is used on unsuitable photos, the effect often backfires. Two cases below:"},{"t":"p","x":"案例1：","b":false,"xe":"Case 1:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-19","w":1031,"h":687},{"t":"p","x":"作者：Terry-F","b":false,"xe":"Author: Terry-F"},{"t":"p","x":"图片反差原本就不大，人物处于暗部，细节较少。","b":false,"xe":"The image has low contrast to begin with; the subject is in the dark area with little detail."},{"t":"img","f":"img-20","w":1400,"h":695},{"t":"p","x":"此时使用胶片曲线会导致人物细节的严重缺失，让图片显得发灰发闷，而且视觉上显得“脏”。","b":false,"xe":"Applying a film curve here causes a serious loss of detail on the subject, making the picture gray, stuffy and visually 'dirty'."},{"t":"p","x":"案例2：","b":false,"xe":"Case 2:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-21","w":461,"h":692},{"t":"p","x":"作者：Terry-F","b":false,"xe":"Author: Terry-F"},{"t":"p","x":"原图中人物处于亮部，环境暗，画面光影反差大。","b":false,"xe":"In the raw file, the subject is in the bright area, the environment is dark, and the light contrast is strong."},{"t":"img","f":"img-22","w":1136,"h":698},{"t":"p","x":"此时使用胶片曲线，不会过多影响主体细节，反而可以弱化环境中杂乱的内容。提升画面质感。","b":false,"xe":"Applying a film curve here does not hurt the subject's detail much; instead it weakens the clutter in the environment and improves the texture of the picture."},{"t":"p","x":"总而言之，胶片曲线有利有弊，要结合图片本身的特点来使用并调整。","b":false,"xe":"All in all, the film curve has pros and cons — use and adjust it according to the characteristics of each image."},{"t":"h","x":"4","xe":"4"},{"t":"h","x":"误区4：照片越亮越好看","xe":"Myth 4: The Brighter the Photo, the Better"},{"t":"p","x":"或许是受到客户（模特）需求的影响，许多人在后期的时候都尽量将图片调亮，让人物看起来更加白嫩。","b":false,"xe":"Perhaps influenced by client (model) demands, many people brighten their images as much as possible in post to make skin look fairer."},{"t":"p","x":"但是图片亮度越大，影子就越少，画面层次感就会相应地减弱。如果过分强调“明亮”的话，作品就会变得缺乏质感，甚至产生高光区域过曝的情况。","b":false,"xe":"But the brighter the image, the fewer the shadows, and the weaker the sense of layering. If 'brightness' is overemphasized, the work loses texture and may even end up with overexposed highlight areas."},{"t":"img","f":"img-23","w":670,"h":1000},{"t":"p","x":"作者：坏坏","b":false,"xe":"Author: Huai Huai"},{"t":"p","x":"人物明亮通透，遗憾的是画面整体过亮以及缺乏对亮部细节的保护导致大面积过曝，画面中窗子和床单上面大面积的死白显然欠妥，场景质感和层次也因此受到影响。","b":false,"xe":"The subject is bright and clear, but unfortunately the overall image is too bright and the highlight detail was not protected, resulting in large overexposed areas — the big patches of dead white on the window and the sheets are clearly inappropriate, and the texture and layering of the scene suffer as a result."},{"t":"img","f":"img-24","w":1147,"h":800},{"t":"p","x":"图片作者：Vivianne Mok","b":false,"xe":"Author: Vivianne Mok"},{"t":"p","x":"在明亮的基础上保持质感是非常重要的，也很难做到，需要大量的后期经验和考究的前期拍摄布光。","b":false,"xe":"Maintaining texture while staying bright is very important and very hard — it takes extensive post-processing experience and carefully crafted lighting when shooting."},{"t":"h","x":"5","xe":"5"},{"t":"h","x":"误区5：转黑白，逼格高","xe":"Myth 5: Going Black and White for 'Class'"},{"t":"p","x":"这可能是照片后期中最严重最常见的误区了。","b":false,"xe":"This is probably the most serious and common misconception in post-processing."},{"t":"p","x":"首先要明确的一点是：黑白是一种照片风格，而不是“逼格”。","b":false,"xe":"First, let's be clear: black and white is a photo style, not a badge of 'class'."},{"t":"p","x":"可能有人觉得有逼格，那是因为黑白片子看得少了，觉得新鲜。如果这世界上充满了黑白片，那么这些人肯恩会觉得彩色逼格更高。","b":false,"xe":"Some may find it classy only because they have seen too few black-and-white photos and find them novel. If the world were full of black-and-white images, these people might well think color has more class."},{"t":"p","x":"而且可能去掉色彩之后，可以减少烂片里面的问题，但是烂片依然是烂片，黑白只是减少了片子中的色彩问题而已。","b":false,"xe":"Removing color may reduce the problems in a bad photo, but a bad photo is still a bad photo — black and white merely reduces its color problems."},{"t":"p","x":"那么既然是风格，那么就得寻找合适的图片去搭配。","b":false,"xe":"Since it is a style, you need to find suitable images to match it."},{"t":"p","x":"如下面一组图，层次感较弱，光影反差小的图片倘若转为黑白，少了色彩对氛围的渲染那么片子就平淡无味。","b":false,"xe":"Take the set below: images with weak layering and low light contrast turn bland when converted to black and white, losing the atmosphere that color would have rendered."},{"t":"img","f":"img-25","w":801,"h":1200},{"t":"p","x":"作者：Terry-F","b":false,"xe":"Author: Terry-F"},{"t":"img","f":"img-26","w":801,"h":1200},{"t":"p","x":"而有的片子光影质感强烈，明暗表现力＞色彩表现力的时候转为黑白，减少色彩干扰，此时合理地“做减法”可以提升图片效果。","b":false,"xe":"But when a photo has strong light texture and its tonal expression outweighs its color expression, converting to black and white reduces color interference — a sensible 'subtraction' that improves the image."},{"t":"img","f":"img-27","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"作者：Terry-F","b":false,"xe":"Author: Terry-F"},{"t":"img","f":"img-28","w":1200,"h":800},{"t":"h","x":"总结","xe":"Summary"},{"t":"p","x":"以上总结的五点常见误区容易出现在有一定后期基础的朋友的图片上，其中部分问题即使是后期经验丰富也难免会犯。","b":false,"xe":"The five common mistakes summarized above tend to appear in the work of those with some post-processing foundation, and even experienced editors occasionally fall into some of them."},{"t":"p","x":"而解决这些问题单靠技术是不够的，还需要有端正严谨的后期态度和与时俱进的审美水平。","b":false,"xe":"Solving these problems takes more than technique — it also requires a proper, rigorous attitude toward post-processing and an aesthetic sense that keeps up with the times."},{"t":"h","x":"帅哥作者","xe":"About the Author"},{"t":"img","f":"img-29","w":640,"h":640},{"t":"h","x":"▲ 冯韬（Terry F）","xe":"▲ Feng Tao (Terry F)"},{"t":"p","x":"美国Getty Image 签约摄影师","b":false,"xe":"Getty Images (US) contributing photographer"},{"t":"p","x":"华盖创意签约摄影师","b":false,"xe":"Viewfind / Hua Gai Creative contributing photographer"},{"t":"p","x":"Lofter大神","b":false,"xe":"Lofter master photographer"},{"t":"p","x":"微博：@Terry-F","b":false,"xe":"Weibo: @Terry-F"},{"t":"p","x":"Lofter: terryfengphotography.lofter.com","b":false,"xe":"Lofter: terryfengphotography.lofter.com"},{"t":"h","x":"欢迎关注@Thomas看看世界，","xe":"Follow @Thomas Chu Photo,"},{"t":"h","x":"每周学会一个摄影技能。","xe":"and learn one photography skill every week."},{"t":"img","f":"img-31","w":500,"h":500}],"titleEn":"Five Common Myths in Photo Post-Processing"}