{"slug":"pro-vs-amateur-gap","title":"和职业摄影师相比，你的照片差在了哪儿？","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2017-05-30","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247485596&idx=1&sn=3a458b72fe13e127eb2a6cac5777d699&chksm=eb81f6f8dcf67feefe1ccd7b45b10a3cd4829c320c8a6f79457d1f0e42960f201477847a3036&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"一提到职业摄影师，人们首先想到的是昂贵而专业的器材。","b":false,"xe":"When people think of professional photographers, the first thing that comes to mind is expensive, professional gear."},{"t":"p","x":"其实随着数码相机的普及，不少爱好者的装备已经相当精良。那么和职业摄影师相比，我们的照片究竟差在了哪儿？","b":false,"xe":"In fact, with the spread of digital cameras, many enthusiasts already own quite sophisticated equipment. So compared with professional photographers, where exactly do our photos fall short?"},{"t":"p","x":"本文将以Instagram上最热门的风光摄影师Max Rive为例，从4个方面解析我们和大神的差距。","b":false,"xe":"This article takes Max Rive — the most popular landscape photographer on Instagram — as an example, analyzing the gap between us and the great master from 4 aspects."},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"对拍摄内容的深度理解","xe":"Deep Understanding of the Subject"},{"t":"p","x":"无论是人像，风光还是静物，对拍摄对象的深刻理解，需要的是真正的专业热爱，和长期的深入实践。一幅好的作品，在拍摄之前需要做多少专业细致的准备，这是很多人很难想象的。并不是很多人以为的那样，随随便便到现场就拍出大片了。","b":false,"xe":"Whether it's portraits, landscapes, or still life, a deep understanding of the subject requires genuine professional passion and long-term, in-depth practice. How much professional and meticulous preparation goes into a good work before shooting is something many people can hardly imagine. It is not, as many assume, a matter of showing up casually and walking away with a masterpiece."},{"t":"p","x":"以风光摄影为例，可能准备计划期长达半年甚至数年。同一个景点，可能一年之中，水位、天象、花期等等恰到好处的拍摄机会就只有几天，如果不懂的话就只能撞运气了。","b":false,"xe":"Take landscape photography as an example: the planning period may last half a year or even several years. For the same location, the window when water level, sky conditions, blooming season, and so on are all just right may be only a few days in a whole year — without that knowledge, you can only rely on luck."},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面一张Max的作品，要拍出位置恰到好处的银河拱桥，月光照亮的山峰，以及积雪覆盖的地景，就需要仔细的计划拍摄时间。","b":false,"xe":"For example, in this work by Max below, capturing a perfectly positioned Milky Way arch, a moonlit peak, and snow-covered foreground all required careful planning of the shooting time."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1000,"h":646},{"t":"p","x":"季节、潮位、花期、星象、云雾、极光概率、火山活动等等都需要了解；","b":false,"xe":"Seasons, tide levels, blooming periods, celestial events, clouds and fog, aurora probability, volcanic activity — all of these need to be understood;"},{"t":"p","x":"普通游客、摄影师和当地人的照片、攻略、游记、路线都要细读分析；","b":false,"xe":"Photos, guides, travel notes, and routes from ordinary tourists, photographers, and locals all need to be carefully read and analyzed;"},{"t":"p","x":"平面地图和3D地形图上，反复模拟现场机位，甚至多次前往实地考察。。。","b":false,"xe":"On flat maps and 3D terrain maps, repeatedly simulate shooting positions on site — even visit the location multiple times for field scouting..."},{"t":"p","x":"一张好的风光作品，拍摄前做的工作可以很多。","b":false,"xe":"A great landscape work can involve a great deal of work before the shutter is pressed."},{"t":"p","x":"除了准备工作外，摄影师对内容的深刻理解，还反应在了构图上。","b":false,"xe":"Beyond preparation, the photographer's deep understanding of the subject is also reflected in composition."},{"t":"p","x":"普通人见山是山，见水是水。而摄影师，看到山的时候就会想：","b":false,"xe":"Ordinary people see a mountain as a mountain and water as water. But when a photographer sees a mountain, they think:"},{"t":"p","x":"这座山的形态和方位是怎样的，哪个角度、什么时候的光线照出来立体感最好？","b":false,"xe":"What is this mountain's shape and orientation? From which angle, and at what time of day, does the light bring out its three-dimensionality best?"},{"t":"p","x":"山附近有哪些可以衬托的前景？村镇、花丛、湖泊还是峡谷？","b":false,"xe":"What foregrounds near the mountain could set it off? Villages, flower fields, lakes, or gorges?"},{"t":"p","x":"比如下面一张图，就是普通的Ama Dablam峰游客视角：","b":false,"xe":"The image below, for instance, is the ordinary tourist view of Ama Dablam:"},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":1000,"h":664},{"t":"p","x":"而下面的构图，则出自Max大神之手。前景瀑布带来的空间纵深感，流水与岩石的质感对比，以及暖色山峰与冷色地面的互相衬托，都让这幅作品脱颖而出。","b":false,"xe":"The composition below, by contrast, comes from master Max. The spatial depth brought by the foreground waterfall, the textural contrast between flowing water and rock, and the mutual set-off between the warm-colored peak and the cool-colored ground all make this work stand out."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":1000,"h":611},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"投入程度","xe":"Degree of Dedication"},{"t":"p","x":"在网络上搜索“EBC徒步”，出来的照片，几乎都是上午8点到下午5点的白天拍摄的。毕竟在海拔五千米的地方徒步已经很辛苦，还要早出晚归的拍摄就太虐了。","b":false,"xe":"Search for \"EBC trek\" online, and almost every photo that comes up was shot during daytime, between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. After all, trekking at five thousand meters of altitude is already exhausting — getting up early and returning late for shooting would be brutal."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":1000,"h":474},{"t":"p","x":"再来看下职业风光摄影师的拍摄时间，晚上9点，凌晨2点，早上6点等等。。。完全是早出晚归，高负荷运转。","b":false,"xe":"Now look at a professional landscape photographer's shooting times: 9 p.m., 2 a.m., 6 a.m... Completely out before dawn and back after dark, running at full load."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":843,"h":800},{"t":"p","x":"除了拍摄时间的差异，职业摄影师在某一个地方的深耕程度和拍摄次数，也是爱好者难以比较的。","b":false,"xe":"Besides the difference in shooting hours, the depth of cultivation and number of visits a professional photographer devotes to a single place is also hard for enthusiasts to match."},{"t":"p","x":"毕竟只是爱好的话，一个地方去一次就够了。但职业摄影师不行，近的地方可能隔三差五就会去拍，才能增加遇到好天气的概率。","b":false,"xe":"After all, if it's just a hobby, visiting a place once is enough. But not for professional photographers — for nearby locations they may go shoot every few days, just to increase the probability of encountering good weather."},{"t":"p","x":"远的地方也是会去拍好几次，甚至每年都会专门抽出时间前去探索和带团，可以发现很多独特的机位。","b":false,"xe":"They also visit distant places several times, even setting aside time every year to explore and lead tours there — discovering many unique vantage points."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1000,"h":487},{"t":"h","x":"3","xe":"3"},{"t":"h","x":"前后期技术","xe":"Technique, Before and After the Shot"},{"t":"p","x":"闻道有先后，术业有专攻。职业摄影师，需要对各种前期技术手到拈来，后期技巧更是要了然于心。","b":false,"xe":"There is an order to learning, and every craft has its specialty. A professional photographer needs to have every in-camera technique at their fingertips, and post-processing skills must be second nature."},{"t":"p","x":"例如下面一张Max的大奖作品，前期就需要用到复杂的景深合成，以及多张接片技巧。","b":false,"xe":"For example, Max's award-winning work below required complex focus stacking in the field, along with multi-frame stitching techniques."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":1000,"h":376},{"t":"p","x":"又比如下面一幅图，不仅需要克服前期的大光比难题，后期在色彩、质感和影调上的统一和把握，也需要相当的技术。","b":false,"xe":"Or take the image below: besides overcoming the challenge of extreme dynamic range in the field, unifying and controlling color, texture, and tonality in post also demands considerable technique."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":1000,"h":380},{"t":"h","x":"4","xe":"4"},{"t":"h","x":"美感和风格","xe":"Aesthetics and Style"},{"t":"p","x":"很多时候，我们和大神们后期的差距并不是在技术上，而是在美感上。同样都是用曲线、图层、蒙版，修出来的照片，漂亮程度可能千差万别。","b":false,"xe":"Very often, our gap with the masters in post-processing lies not in technique but in aesthetics. Using the very same curves, layers, and masks, the beauty of the resulting photos can differ by miles."},{"t":"p","x":"新手修图常见错误：不管三七二十一，狂拉全局饱和度、清晰度、锐度，高光-100，阴影+100。。。","b":false,"xe":"Common beginner retouching mistakes: regardless of everything, cranking up global saturation, clarity, and sharpness; highlights -100, shadows +100..."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1000,"h":668},{"t":"p","x":"大神修图之明暗引导：","b":false,"xe":"How masters retouch — guiding with brightness:"},{"t":"p","x":"用亮度引导读者的视觉。不需要突出细节的地方，不但不能提高阴影，反而还要压暗。","b":false,"xe":"Use brightness to guide the viewer's eye. Where detail doesn't need to stand out, not only should you avoid lifting the shadows — you should actually darken them."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1000,"h":633},{"t":"p","x":"大神修图之色彩控制：","b":false,"xe":"How masters retouch — controlling color:"},{"t":"p","x":"色相上和谐，饱和度上适度。","b":false,"xe":"Harmonious in hue, moderate in saturation."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":1000,"h":629},{"t":"p","x":"光有美感还不够，统一的美感，大量的积累，长期的实践，才能形成摄影师独有的风格和辨识度。","b":false,"xe":"Aesthetic sense alone is not enough. A unified aesthetic, massive accumulation, and long-term practice — that is what forms a photographer's distinctive style and recognizability."},{"t":"p","x":"壮观的日落全景，前面站着一个帅（zhuang）气（bi）的徒步者，一看到这类照片，我们可能马上就会想到Max Rive。","b":false,"xe":"A magnificent sunset panorama with a dashing (posh) hiker standing in front — the moment we see this kind of photo, we may immediately think of Max Rive."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":1000,"h":575},{"t":"h","x":"总结","xe":"Summary"},{"t":"p","x":"总而言之，普通爱好者和职业大神的差距，更多的是在对内容的理解、投入程度、技术水平以及美感风格上。","b":false,"xe":"In short, the gap between ordinary enthusiasts and professional masters lies more in the understanding of content, the degree of dedication, technical level, and aesthetic style."},{"t":"p","x":"当然，对内容的理解、投入的程度，需要漫长的积累，没有捷径。但是技术水平以及美感风格，如果有好的老师教授，却是可以快速进步的。","b":false,"xe":"Of course, understanding of content and degree of dedication require long accumulation — there are no shortcuts. But technical level and aesthetic style, with a good teacher, can indeed improve quickly."}],"titleEn":"Where Do Your Photos Fall Short Compared to a Pro's?"}