{"slug":"ps-sky-replacement","title":"新版PS一键换天功能教程！摄影师对换天怎么看？","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2020-11-08","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247492021&idx=1&sn=2717123bc21090ba150baaa0f8b473d7&chksm=eb821fd1dcf596c70a7e5cefbeed6979ab31470d91cd41ae2d9aedbb9e245694f996b6d6496c&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"新版的Photoshop 2020中，增加了“天空替换”的功能，可以实现一键换天的效果，Thomas会在今天的教程中详细讲解。","b":false,"xe":"The new Photoshop 2020 adds a \"Sky Replacement\" feature for one-click sky swaps — Thomas explains it in detail in today's tutorial."},{"t":"p","x":"不过对于换天的操作，风光摄影圈一直存在着争议，到底能不能换天？什么情况可以换天？在今天的视频中，Thomas也会分享自己的经验和看法。","b":false,"xe":"Sky replacement has always been controversial in the landscape photography community: is it acceptable at all, and when? In today's video, Thomas also shares his experience and views."},{"t":"h","x":"视频教程","xe":"Video Tutorial"},{"t":"bili","bv":"BV1Wv411r7LU","bpic":"bili-1","bt":"新版PS一键换天功能教程！摄影师对换天怎么看？"},{"t":"p","x":"这一篇是上面视频的完整图文整理。新版 Photoshop 带来了「天空替换」一键换天功能，Thomas 借这个机会把两件事一次讲清：一是他作为风光摄影师对「换天」的态度——哪些情况不适合换、哪些情况换天恰如其分；二是这个新功能的完整实操演示。下文按视频顺序整理，配有提纲卡片、案例前后对比和功能面板截图。","b":false,"xe":"This is the fully illustrated companion to the video above. The new Photoshop ships with a one-click Sky Replacement feature, and Thomas uses the occasion to cover two things at once: his view as a landscape photographer on when replacing a sky is inappropriate and when it is perfectly legitimate, plus a full hands-on demo of the new tool. Below, in video order, are his outline cards, before/after case studies, and screenshots of the panel itself."},{"t":"p","x":"先看提纲。这张卡片截自视频 0:27 处，列出了本期三条主线：哪些情况不太适合换天、哪些情况适合换天，以及如何利用新版 Photoshop 的一键换天功能。","b":false,"xe":"Start with the outline. This card, captured at 0:27 in the video, lists the three threads of the episode: when a sky swap is a bad idea, when it works, and how to use the new Sky Replacement feature in Photoshop."},{"t":"img","f":"v01","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"01 三种情况：先别急着换天","xe":"01 Three Cases: Hold Off on That Sky Swap"},{"t":"p","x":"第一种不适合换天的情况：天空或特殊天象本身就是画面的主要兴趣点。比如漫天红霞配倒影（视频 1:28 处）、魔幻乌云、火山上的彩虹——当天象比地景更丰富、更有趣时，主体就是天象。此时若把天空换成别的素材，后期就不再是画龙点睛的助力，而是另一种创作了，相当于数字艺术，稍稍有点越界。","b":false,"xe":"First case where a sky swap doesn't fit: when the sky or a rare atmospheric spectacle is itself the main point of the picture. Think a sky full of burning clouds mirrored in water (at 1:28 in the video), otherworldly storm clouds, or a rainbow over a volcano — when the sky outshines the landscape, the sky is the subject. Swap it then, and the edit is no longer a finishing touch but a different work altogether — digital art, which crosses a line."},{"t":"img","f":"v02","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v03","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"第二种情况：现有的天空氛围已经比较符合地面环境和表达时。换天大多数时候是想把普通天换成满天红云，但这不一定合适——特别是地景已经足够突出时，不要一味幻想更复杂的天空，否则可能画蛇添足，反而削弱地面的表现力（视频 2:31 处）。像清晨日出配月亮的安静场景，干净的天空就是最好的；换成满天红云，安静的气氛就没了。地景足够精彩时也一样：五颜六色的小房子上再叠一层红云，注意力反而被拉走（视频 3:18 处）。而如果想表达稍显压抑、神秘的情绪，雾霾天甚至就是最佳天气——并不是只有满天红云才算好照片（视频 3:47 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Second case: when the existing sky already matches the landscape and the intended expression. Most sky swaps aim to turn an ordinary sky into blazing clouds, but that doesn't automatically fit — especially when the landscape is already strong, fancying up the sky can be gilding the lily and actually weakens the ground (at 2:31 in the video). A quiet sunrise with the moon calls for a clean sky; blaze would kill the calm. When the land is already the star — a cluster of colorful huts under a dramatic sky — piling red clouds on top only steals attention (at 3:18 in the video). And when the mood you want is slightly oppressive and mysterious, even a hazy day is the perfect weather — a blazing sky is not the only good sky (at 3:47 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v04","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v05","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"02 换天素材要门当户对","xe":"02 The Replacement Sky Must Match"},{"t":"p","x":"真要换天，素材必须与地景在四个维度上匹配，否则就会很假。其一，情绪氛围：安静的地景突然换上满天红云，情绪就断了（视频 4:20 处）。其二，光的强度：正午的强光与日出日落的弱光拼在一起，怎么看都别扭。","b":false,"xe":"When you do swap, the sky must match the ground on four counts, or the result looks fake. One, mood: drop blazing clouds onto a tranquil scene and the emotion breaks (at 4:20 in the video). Two, light intensity: harsh noon light pasted onto a low-light sunset scene never sits right."},{"t":"p","x":"其三，光源方向：逆光的地景换上顺光的蓝天白云，看起来会特别奇怪（视频 4:38 处）。其四，地理科学性：在沙漠上换出只有大海上才会出现的风暴云，会遭到很多质疑。换天需要注意科学性与视觉的客观性，不能随意乱换（视频 4:56 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Three, light direction: a backlit landscape under front-lit blue skies looks instantly odd (at 4:38 in the video). Four, geographic plausibility: conjuring ocean-style storm clouds over a desert will draw plenty of criticism. A swap must respect science and visual objectivity — no random pasting (at 4:56 in the video)."},{"t":"h","x":"03 三种时刻：换天恰如其分","xe":"03 Three Moments When a Swap Works"},{"t":"p","x":"那什么时候可以考虑换天？Thomas 的标准是：当现有的天空不足以表现所需要的气氛和氛围；当现有的地景不足以完成整体呈现、需要天与地协同搭配；或者当新的天空素材能起到画龙点睛作用的时候（视频 5:48 处）。他自己的照片大部分不换天——图虫主页里有很多光板天的照片——但下面三个案例是例外。","b":false,"xe":"So when does a swap make sense? By Thomas's standard: when the existing sky cannot deliver the needed atmosphere; when the landscape alone can't carry the whole picture and sky and ground need to work together; or when the new sky genuinely adds the finishing touch (at 5:48 in the video). Most of his own photos are unswapped — his Tuchong portfolio is full of empty skies — but the three cases below are the exceptions."},{"t":"img","f":"v06","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"案例一：这张照片下面是非常奇特的冰面，原片光板天稍显平静。他想让整体更魔幻、更热烈一些，于是后期添加了云层，让日出的黄光氛围更加浓烈，魔幻奇幻的感觉一下子就出来了（视频 5:50 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Case one: the remarkable ice formation below deserved a more magical, warmer mood than the plain original sky provided, so clouds were added in post to deepen the golden sunrise glow — and the fantastical atmosphere instantly appears (at 5:50 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v07","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"案例二：这张密林古堡是在蓝调时刻拍摄的，但蓝调时刻天还太亮，只有一两颗星星，探索古堡的神秘气氛少了很多。于是他用时间合成：继续等到天完全黑后再拍一张有星空的照片，把星空与蓝调地景合在一起，探险的氛围才完整（视频 6:38 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Case two: this castle in the deep forest was shot in blue hour, when the sky is still too bright for more than one or two stars — undercutting the mystery of exploring a hidden castle. The fix was a time blend: wait for full darkness, shoot a second frame of stars, and merge the starry sky with the blue-hour ground (at 6:38 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v08","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"案例三：这张在格陵兰岛拍摄的日出，原片已经不错，但地景比起那些不需要换天的日出还是稍差一些，不足以撑起整体兴趣；而且偏蓝的光板天配冷冷的调子，没有「充满希望」的感觉。后期直接换上有很多金色云层的天空，整体做成金色调，才能把那种对未来的向往、登高望远的情怀烘托到位（视频 7:33 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Case three: this Greenland sunrise was already decent, but its landscape was weaker than the sunrises that need no swap — not enough to carry the frame on its own — and the blue, empty sky felt cold rather than hopeful. Replacing it with a sky full of golden clouds and grading the whole image warm finally delivers the sense of hope and aspiration (at 7:33 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v09","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"04 一键换天：面板与光线匹配","xe":"04 Sky Replacement: the Panel and Light Matching"},{"t":"p","x":"以前换天需要非常精细的抠图和大量的融合工作，新版 PS（2020 版）把它变成了一个功能：在「编辑」菜单里找到「天空替换」，打开后就是换天面板（视频 8:25 处）。面板第一项是选择天空素材——PS 内置了蓝天、各种云层，甚至还有「盛景」类素材：彩虹、日出日落的红霞（视频 9:34 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Sky replacement used to demand painstaking cutouts and blending; Photoshop 2020 turned it into a single feature: find Sky Replacement under the Edit menu and its panel opens (at 8:25 in the video). The first step is choosing a sky — Photoshop ships with blue skies, all kinds of clouds, and even \"spectacle\" presets like rainbows and sunset glow (at 9:34 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v10","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v11","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"换天时最需要注意的就是前面讲过的光线匹配：这张演示照片的地景光线从画面右侧过来，而很多内置素材的太阳明显从天空后方打过来——换上去一张画面里就出现两个光源，不科学（视频 10:07 处）。所以要挑太阳也在右侧的天空；实在不行，面板还支持翻转天空。点新建按钮，也可以从自己的照片里导入天空素材，比如把格陵兰那张的满天红云换进来（视频 11:06 处）。","b":false,"xe":"The biggest pitfall is the light matching discussed earlier: in this demo the ground light comes from the right of the frame, while many built-in skies have the sun clearly behind the clouds — put them together and the picture has two light sources, which is simply wrong (at 10:07 in the video). Pick a sky whose sun sits to the right, or flip the sky with the panel's flip control. The new-button also lets you import skies from your own photos — say, the blazing clouds from that Greenland shot (at 11:06 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v12","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"素材选定后还可以微调：天空可以上下移动；「移动边缘」控制天空与地景的混合范围；「渐隐」决定中间的过渡——天空靠近地面的地方常有水气和天光，加大渐隐能让天空有渐变的过渡、融合更自然（视频 12:18 处）。天空的亮度、色温色调、缩放和翻转也都是可调项。","b":false,"xe":"Once the sky is chosen it can be fine-tuned: shift it up and down; Shift Edge controls how far the sky bleeds into the ground; Fade governs the mid transition — skies carry moisture and glow near the horizon, and adding fade gives the blend a natural gradient (at 12:18 in the video). Brightness, color temperature and tint, scale and flip are all adjustable too."},{"t":"h","x":"05 蒙版精修与无损输出","xe":"05 Refining the Mask and Non-Destructive Output"},{"t":"p","x":"前景部分同样可以调：「光照模式」可选正片叠底或滤色——滤色会把前景、特别是与天空交界的区域提亮，正片叠底则压暗，这张照片压暗一些更好（视频 13:30 处）；「光照调整」进一步控制融合区的亮度；「颜色调整」则让地景色温向天空靠拢，找到一个地面与天空融合得最好的值（视频 14:10 处）。","b":false,"xe":"The foreground is adjustable too: Lighting Mode offers Multiply or Screen — Screen brightens the foreground, especially where it meets the sky, while Multiply darkens it, which suited this frame better (at 13:30 in the video); Lighting Adjustment further dials the brightness of the blending zone; Color Adjustment pulls the ground's temperature toward the sky's until the two fuse (at 14:10 in the video)."},{"t":"p","x":"点确定后可以输出到新图层——整个天空替换是无损调整：天空和所有调整都以新建图层的方式存在，之后还能继续移动天空位置、检查蒙版、微调前景光照和色温。比如觉得天空饱和度稍高，就新建一个自然饱和度图层稍稍压低（视频 14:33 处）。","b":false,"xe":"Clicking OK outputs the result to new layers — the whole operation is non-destructive: the sky and every adjustment live on their own layers, so you can keep moving the sky, inspecting the mask, and fine-tuning foreground lighting and temperature. If the sky reads slightly oversaturated, add a Vibrance layer and pull it down a touch (at 14:33 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v13","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"最后看成品质量：天空工具建立的蒙版非常精确，连雪山高光的区域、原来有云的区域都做了柔和的融合，灰色过渡也很自然。Thomas 的评价是——这个蒙版比大部分人自己做会做得更好，过渡、渐变和融合区都处理得更到位（视频 15:36 处）。","b":false,"xe":"The final quality holds up: the mask the tool builds is remarkably precise, blending softly even around the highlights of the snowy peaks and the regions of the original clouds, with natural grey transitions. Thomas's verdict — this mask beats what most people would do by hand, with better transitions, gradients and blending zones (at 15:36 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v14","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 天象是主体、现有天空已合宜时，别换天——后期是助力与渲染，不是完全改变画面面貌；2. 真要换天，素材必须在情绪氛围、光的强度、光源方向、地理科学性上与地景匹配；3. 当天空不足以表现气氛、天地需要协同、或新天空能画龙点睛时，换天才恰如其分；4. 新版 PS 天空替换又快又无损，蒙版精确，但用之前仍要先想清楚光线方向与氛围是否合理。","xe":"1. Don't swap when the sky is the subject or already fits — post-processing should support and render, not overhaul the picture; 2. A replacement sky must match the ground in mood, light intensity, light direction and geographic plausibility; 3. A swap is justified when the sky can't deliver the mood, when sky and ground must work together, or when the new sky adds the finishing touch; 4. The new Photoshop Sky Replacement is fast, non-destructive and mask-precise — but still ask first whether the light direction and mood make sense."},{"t":"p","x":"新版PS一键换天功能讲解从8分50秒开始","b":false,"xe":"The Sky Replacement walkthrough starts at 8:50"},{"t":"h","x":"PPT","xe":"PPT"},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-17","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-18","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-19","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-20","w":1080,"h":608},{"t":"img","f":"img-21","w":1080,"h":608}],"titleEn":"PS Sky Replacement Tutorial: What Photographers Think of One-Click Sky Swap"}