{"slug":"subtraction-cloud-mist","title":"如何给照片做减法？竟还有这样的摄影后期操作！","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2021-12-05","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247494288&idx=1&sn=0c365c88b4f198553bc1fa606408a926&chksm=eb8214f4dcf59de24d0b7a90932dba7496e42322c0a74834615009d99aaf7b831cdaf5ec00f2&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"摄影是一门做减法的艺术。","b":false,"xe":"Photography is an art of subtraction."},{"t":"p","x":"而且这种减法是贯穿了前期拍摄和后期修图的全过程的。","b":false,"xe":"And this subtraction runs through the entire process, from capture to post-processing."},{"t":"p","x":"在今天的教程中，我会以一张孜珠寺拍摄的照片为例，和大家分享我是如何通过前期构图、二次裁剪、多重调色和云雾渲染等多个步骤，让照片变得简洁、生动的。","b":false,"xe":"In today's tutorial, using a photo taken at Zizhu Temple as an example, I'll share how I made the image clean and vivid through compositional choices, secondary cropping, multiple rounds of grading, and cloud-mist rendering."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":1080,"h":718},{"t":"h","x":"视频教程","xe":"Video Tutorial"},{"t":"bili","bv":"BV1EQ4y1e7xR","bpic":"bili-1","bt":"如何给照片做减法？竟还有这样的摄影后期操作！"},{"t":"p","x":"这一篇是上面视频的完整图文整理。摄影是一门做减法的艺术，而减法贯穿前期与后期。Thomas 以去年在西藏孜珠寺拍摄的一张月升山巅照片为例，完整演示了三个层面的减法：前期换个机位重新构图、后期裁图与色彩减法，以及一步「一石三鸟」的云雾渲染。文中配有视频关键帧截图，适合先看图理清思路，再到视频里听细节。","xe":"This is the fully illustrated companion to the video above. Photography is the art of subtraction, and the subtraction runs through shooting and post alike. Using a photo of the moon rising over Zizhu Monastery in Tibet, taken last year, Thomas demonstrates subtraction on three levels: recomposing from a different drone position in the field, cropping and color subtraction in post, and a final mist render that solves three problems at once. Keyframe screenshots throughout — read here for the framework, then hear the details in the video."},{"t":"p","x":"先看成片。月挂天际、云雾缭绕、僧院如仙境般独立于山巅——这张就是最终效果，整期教程讲的就是它如何被一步步「减」出来（视频 0:01 处）。","xe":"Start with the final image: the moon in the sky, mist swirling, the monastery standing like a fairyland retreat on the summit — this is the end result, and the whole tutorial is about how it was subtracted into being, step by step (at 0:01 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v01","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"01 前期减法：换个机位重新构图","xe":"01 Subtraction in the Field: A New Drone Position"},{"t":"p","x":"孜珠寺的这个方向是最经典的机位，当地还专门修了观景台，大家的无人机基本都从这里起飞（视频 0:45 处）。但 Thomas 觉得它的减法做得不够：孜珠寺历经千年，房屋越修越多，显得比较杂乱——没有那种云上仙境、只有十几个小屋遗世独立的感觉，倒像一座建在山巅上的大城市（视频 1:02 处）。","xe":"This direction at Zizhu Monastery is the classic viewpoint — the locals even built an observation deck there, and nearly every drone takes off from this spot (at 0:45 in the video). But Thomas felt its subtraction fell short: after a thousand years the monastery has grown into a dense cluster of buildings that looks cluttered — none of the feeling of a fairyland above the clouds where a dozen small houses stand in seclusion; more like a big city perched on a summit (at 1:02 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v02","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"第一个减法是把无人机飞到画面的右上角，从侧面看过去：一侧是山坡，前面的房子正好把后面的房子遮住；而且看到的是房屋的侧面，比正面一排排长条形的房子小得多、也干净得多（视频 1:29 处）。","xe":"The first subtraction: fly the drone to the upper right and look from the side. With the hillside on one flank, the houses in front hide the ones behind; and seen from the side, the buildings read far smaller and cleaner than the rows of long, front-facing houses (at 1:29 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v03","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"但这个角度还稍高，每栋房子的大屋顶依然抢眼，于是他把无人机飞得更低一点、更远一点，对屋顶再做一次减法——此时屋顶已经不再引人注目，山体与建筑融为一体（视频 2:04 处）。构图阶段的减法到此完成：侧方向、低角度、更远的距离。","xe":"But the angle was still a touch high, and every building's big roof still grabbed attention — so he flew lower and farther back, subtracting the roofs as well. By now the rooftops no longer demand notice, and the buildings merge into the mountain (at 2:04 in the video). The compositional subtraction is complete: a side direction, a low angle, a longer distance."},{"t":"img","f":"v04","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"02 第一步裁图：减掉电线、房屋与金幡","xe":"02 Step One, the Crop: Minus Wires, Houses, Flags"},{"t":"p","x":"后期仍然要做三步减法：裁图、色彩减法，以及一种特殊的细节掩盖方式——最后揭晓（视频 2:31 处）。裁图时最先去掉的是左侧成片的电线杆；长宽比定在他喜欢的 3:2（视频 2:50 处）。","xe":"Post-production adds three more subtractions: the crop, a subtraction in color, and a special way of masking detail — revealed at the end (at 2:31 in the video). In the crop, the first to go are the power lines on the left; the aspect ratio is set to his preferred 3:2 (at 2:50 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v05","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"接着裁掉两栋黄、红色的小房子，以及右下角过密的一大坨金幡；同时尽量保证月亮处在画面中间区域。最终月亮居于中轴附近，山峰与寺院最高的建筑分居两端——一个比较动态的平衡结构（视频 3:33 处）。","xe":"Then out go the two small yellow and red houses and the overly dense mass of prayer flags at the lower right, while the moon is kept roughly in the middle zone of the frame. In the final crop the moon sits near the central axis with the peak and the monastery's tallest building at either end — a rather dynamic balance (at 3:33 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v06","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"03 第二步色彩：用蒙版做色彩减法","xe":"03 Step Two, Color: Subtracting with Masks"},{"t":"p","x":"裁剪完成后进入 PS，先在 Lightroom 里做了简单的基础调整（视频 4:01 处）。第一个带蒙版的操作是色相/饱和度：画面里的黄色金幡和周边泛黄的岩石要减色——选择黄色并把明度降低，明度会同时降低饱和度和亮度（视频 4:22 处）。","xe":"After the crop he moves into Photoshop, starting with simple base adjustments in Lightroom (at 4:01 in the video). The first masked operation is Hue/Saturation: the yellow prayer flags and yellowish rocks around them need their color reduced — selecting Yellows and lowering Lightness, which pulls down saturation and brightness together (at 4:22 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v07","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"这里必须配蒙版限制范围，否则一降黄色，天空和金碧辉煌的金顶建筑也会一起变灰（视频 4:47 处）。第二步反过来做加法：选中建筑区域，用可选颜色针对黄色加红、加黄，最后减黑提亮——红墙金顶的藏式建筑装饰本就漂亮，让它们更金光闪闪（视频 5:24 处）。第三步再把几栋蓝色屋棚的饱和度适当降低（视频 6:01 处）。","xe":"A mask is essential here to limit the range — otherwise desaturating yellows would gray out the sky and the golden roofs too (at 4:47 in the video). The second step works in reverse, adding: with the buildings selected, Selective Color pushes yellow toward red and adds yellow, then reduces black to brighten — Tibetan architecture with its red walls and golden roofs is beautiful already, and this makes it gleam (at 5:24 in the video). The third step gently desaturates the few blue sheds (at 6:01 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v08","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"不过做完这几步，问题仍在：下方的金幡和转山走廊还是稍显杂乱，破坏了山的神秘感；而且那天早上天气特别通透，前景远景都一样清晰，层次感拉不开（视频 6:15 处）。于是有了第三步——后期渲染云雾。","xe":"Even after these steps the problems remain: the prayer flags and the kora corridor below are still somewhat messy, weakening the mountain's mystery; and that morning was exceptionally clear, so foreground and background were equally sharp with no sense of depth (at 6:15 in the video). Which brings the third step — rendering mist in post."},{"t":"img","f":"v09","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"04 第三步云雾：一石三鸟的减法","xe":"04 Step Three, Mist: One Move, Three Wins"},{"t":"p","x":"云雾效果一举多得（视频 6:53 处）。第一，觉得乱的地方直接用雾气遮罩起来，云雾作用的区域天然就是朦朦胧胧的状态，杂乱被自然隔离；第二，雾气给照片增加了神秘感；第三，层次感一下子拉开——最前面是雾气，中间清晰，后面又有雾气隔开，再往后是天空和月亮（视频 7:24 处）。仿佛拍摄时恰好遇上了一个有云雾的天气。","xe":"The mist render solves three problems in one move (at 6:53 in the video). First, wherever the frame feels messy, fog is painted over it — the areas mist occupies are naturally hazy, so the clutter is secluded rather than deleted; second, the mist adds mystery; third, the layers suddenly separate — fog in front, clear detail in the middle, fog again, then sky and the moon beyond (at 7:24 in the video). As if the shoot had coincided with a misty morning."},{"t":"img","f":"v10","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"制作方法一：网上搜索云雾画笔，资源非常多。使用时同一个画笔可以不断调整位置和大小，再用画笔工具修饰方向，几支画笔混合叠加后，就看不出是同一支画笔了；再换大小不一的笔触，模拟自然界雾气的纹理（视频 8:13 处）。他当时用的就是这种方法。","xe":"Method one: search online for fog brushes — the resources are plentiful. In use, the same brush can be repeatedly repositioned and resized, its direction nudged with the brush tool; once several brushes are mixed and stacked you cannot tell they came from one brush. Varying the stroke sizes further imitates the texture of natural mist (at 8:13 in the video). This was the method he used."},{"t":"img","f":"v11","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"方法二：执行「滤镜 → 渲染 → 云彩」得到云彩基底，把混合模式改成「滤色」（视频 9:13 处）；再用「编辑 → 变换 → 透视」模拟近大远小，配合 Ctrl+T 调整大小、拉长——云彩一般偏细长。单层云彩叠上去会比较假，所以把不透明度降到 20-30%，复制几个图层各自调换位置——云彩是随机生成的，位置一换就是新的一层随机叠加（视频 9:51 处）。最后把云彩归组，建一个黑色蒙版，把需要雾气的地方刷出来即可（视频 10:32 处）。","xe":"Method two: run Filter → Render → Clouds for a cloud base and set the blend mode to Screen (at 9:13 in the video); then Edit → Transform → Perspective to mimic nearer-clouds-bigger, with Ctrl+T to resize and stretch — clouds tend to be long and flat. A single layer looks fake, so drop opacity to 20-30% and duplicate the layer with repositioning — the clouds are random, so every reposition lays down a fresh random layer (at 9:51 in the video). Finally group the clouds, add a black mask, and brush the mist in where needed (at 10:32 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v12","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"至此三步减法全部完成，最终效果如开头所示（视频 10:35 处）。这张照片也收录进了 Thomas 的《看见世界 2022》周历——照片下方印有周历与备忘空间，照片本身带裁剪线，可以裁下或取下做明信片、挂画，各大电商平台搜索「看见世界 2022」即可找到（视频 10:44 处）。","xe":"With that, all three subtractions are complete, and the final effect is as shown at the start (at 10:35 in the video). The photo is also included in Thomas's Seeing the World 2022 weekly calendar — each page pairs a photograph with the week's grid and space for notes, and the prints carry cut lines so they can become postcards or framed pieces; search \"看见世界 2022\" on major e-commerce platforms (at 10:44 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v13","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 前期减法：避开人人都在飞的经典机位，从侧面、更低更远的角度把杂乱房屋与抢眼屋顶减掉；2. 裁图减法：3:2 画幅去掉电线、杂色房屋与过密金幡，让月亮与两端高点形成动态平衡；3. 色彩减法：色相/饱和度与可选颜色配合蒙版，压掉杂色、突出金顶，再降蓝色屋棚的干扰；4. 云雾渲染一石三鸟：遮住杂乱、增加神秘感、拉开前中后层次，是终结画面的那一步。","xe":"1. Subtraction in the field: skip the classic spot everyone flies, and shoot from the side, lower and farther, subtracting cluttered houses and loud rooftops; 2. Subtraction by crop: a 3:2 frame removes wires, stray houses and dense flags, letting the moon and the two high points strike a dynamic balance; 3. Subtraction in color: Hue/Saturation and Selective Color with masks mute the noise, lift the golden roofs, and calm the blue sheds; 4. The mist render wins three times over — hiding clutter, adding mystery and separating near, mid and far — the step that finishes the picture."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":790,"h":1256},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":790,"h":1276}],"titleEn":"How to Subtract from a Photo? Cloud and Mist Rendering Does Wonders"}