{"slug":"subtraction-critique","title":"摄影要拍好真的需要减法！评论区投稿照片点评~","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2024-08-04","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247500203&idx=1&sn=047d09a9c404061cfea35d3af36db363&chksm=eb823fcfdcf5b6d99d3a009ac9b6dfabdbdbd3cbcc0b00a38222fd019a98847c55ab526e57b8&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"摄影要拍好，真的需要学会减法！","b":false,"xe":"To shoot photography well, you really need to learn subtraction!"},{"t":"p","x":"在今天的摄影教程中，Thomas精选了一些大家发表在抖音评论区的投稿照片，他们有一个共性就是因为取入细节太多而显得杂乱。","b":false,"xe":"In today's photography tutorial, Thomas selected some submission photos posted by everyone in the Douyin comments section. They share a common trait: they look cluttered because too many details are included."},{"t":"img","f":"img-01","w":1080,"h":720},{"t":"p","x":"我们不仅可以通过二次裁图的方式，还可以通过后期明暗的调整，让照片更加简洁好看！","b":false,"xe":"We can not only recrop the images, but also adjust light and shadow in post to make the photos cleaner and better looking!"},{"t":"h","x":"视频","xe":"Video"},{"t":"bili","bv":"BV1Ni421a7RM","bpic":"bili-1","bt":"摄影要拍好真的需要减法！评论区投稿照片点评~"},{"t":"p","x":"这一篇是上面视频的图文整理。Thomas 从评论区投稿中挑出了一批照片现场点评，它们最突出的共性问题只有一个：取得太多，减法的决心和意识还不够。本文按案例整理了他的裁图思路、明暗调整与氛围改造手法，并配上视频关键帧截图——看完你会发现，好照片常常不是拍出来的，而是减出来的。","xe":"This is the illustrated companion to the video above, in which Thomas critiques a batch of photos submitted in the comments section. Their most striking shared problem is one: too much was taken, and the resolve for subtraction was lacking. This article organizes his cropping logic, light-and-dark adjustments and atmosphere makeovers case by case, with keyframe screenshots — by the end you will see that great photographs are often not shot into being but subtracted into being."},{"t":"p","x":"先看一张被减法救回来的照片。林间小路、尽头的小羊、两旁茂密的树——裁图加暗角之后，氛围完全不同了。它是本期第一个案例，也是「减法」最完整的示范（视频 1:14 处）。","xe":"Start with a photo rescued by subtraction: a tree-lined path, a lamb at the far end, dense trees on both sides — after cropping and a vignette, the mood is transformed. It is the first case of this episode and the most complete demonstration of \"subtraction\" (at 1:14 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v01","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"01 一张小路照的全面减法","xe":"01 A Path Photo, Fully Subtracted"},{"t":"p","x":"原片其实抓得很好：远处海边有一只小羊，两边树木茂密（视频 0:26 处）。但下方那条光秃秃的土路非常难看，没有意境，一下败坏了兴致；右边的树枝也是多余的。于是先裁掉下方的土路和右侧树枝，左边尽量与右边对称，让小羊处在中央对称的结构里——整体感觉立刻好了很多（视频 0:54 处）。","xe":"The original capture was actually excellent: a lamb by the sea in the distance, lush trees on both sides (at 0:26 in the video). But the bare dirt road at the bottom was unpleasant and mood-destroying, and the branch on the right was redundant. So crop away the road and the branch, keep left and right roughly symmetrical, and place the lamb in a centrally symmetric structure — the whole image instantly improves (at 0:54 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v02","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"接着是明暗减法：拉一个较大的晕影，数量约 40%、中点往中间收，周边发亮的树叶被压暗，氛围更清爽；再新建径向渐变选中下方区域，重置后增加曝光，让最突出的部分与周边形成漂亮的明暗反差（视频 1:40 处）；最后把蓝色的饱和度适当提升——色彩与氛围感立刻好了很多，这就是减法的妙用（视频 2:04 处）。","xe":"Then the subtraction of light: a fairly strong vignette at about 40% with the midpoint pulled inward darkens the bright leaves around the edge and freshens the mood; a new radial gradient selects the lower region and, once reset, adds exposure, so the brightest area builds a lovely contrast with its surroundings (at 1:40 in the video); finally blue saturation is raised a touch — and the color and atmosphere leap forward. That is the magic of subtraction (at 2:04 in the video)."},{"t":"h","x":"02 海滩与雪地：把画面交给主体","xe":"02 Beach and Snow: Hand the Frame to the Subject"},{"t":"p","x":"第二张海滩照：左边的东西与中间沙滩上的情侣氛围完全不搭，右边的树也让画面显得杂乱。裁掉树和多余部分后，画面立刻变得简洁；再把蓝色饱和度稍提、阴影和黑色值往上加，做成那种清新的糖果色调也很好看（视频 2:17 处）。","xe":"The second photo, a beach: the object on the left does not match the mood of the couple on the sand, and the tree on the right clutters the frame. Crop them away and the photo turns clean at once; then raise blue saturation slightly and lift the shadows and blacks for a fresh candy palette (at 2:17 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v03","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"第三张雪地：场景里最好看的其实是远处的晚霞，但作者取了太多雪地——没有脚印、没有纹理，索性裁掉大半，让晚霞更突出（视频 3:05 处）。色调上晚霞偏紫了一点，往橙色方向偏一点、少些洋红，会更加好看。","xe":"The third, a snow field: the best thing in the scene is the sunset glow in the distance, but the photographer took far too much snow — no footprints, no texture — so most of it is cropped away to let the glow dominate (at 3:05 in the video). The glow itself leans a bit too purple; nudging it toward orange with less magenta looks better."},{"t":"img","f":"v04","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"03 教堂与孤灯：暗调改造","xe":"03 Churches and a Lonely Light: The Dark-Tone Makeover"},{"t":"p","x":"这张青岛的照片，核心是远处两座教堂的剪影，近处的电线杆子可以裁掉，构图上把教堂放到右侧（视频 3:43 处）。原图是评论区下载的 JPG、画质很差，但反而适合做黑白：大幅降低阴影和黑色、压低曝光、提起高光，把反差做强——比原来那种高调、雾蒙蒙的效果更有感觉（视频 4:22 处）。","xe":"In this photo of Qingdao, the essence is the silhouettes of two churches in the distance; the power poles in the foreground can be cropped out, with the churches placed to the right (at 3:43 in the video). The file is a JPG downloaded from the comments and of poor quality — yet that suits a black-and-white conversion: drop the shadows and blacks hard, lower exposure, lift highlights, and strengthen the contrast. It feels far better than the original high-key, hazy look (at 4:22 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v05","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v06","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"同样的思路用在夜景：这位作者很会抓拍，拍到一盏孤零零的灯光，但楼体需要先矫正成横平竖直，再裁掉周边杂乱的东西（视频 8:01 处）。旁边压暗一点、加一些冷色——四周是阴冷的环境，唯独这盏灯亮着，氛围感一下子就出来了。","xe":"The same logic applies at night: this photographer has a great eye, catching a single lonely light — but the building first needs straightening to true horizontals and verticals, then the surrounding clutter is cropped away (at 8:01 in the video). Darken the edges a touch and add cool tones: cold, bleak surroundings with one lamp burning — the atmosphere arrives instantly."},{"t":"img","f":"v07","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"04 西北与竖构图：留白与舍弃","xe":"04 Northwest and Verticals: Space and Renunciation"},{"t":"p","x":"这张西北的照片本身很有意境，适合留白，但下面的土地细节不够空旷、又不有趣（视频 4:41 处）。建议把人放到三分之一处，地面多裁一点——人在空旷天地间的空灵氛围一下子就有了（视频 5:01 处）。","xe":"This photo from China's northwest already has mood and suits negative space, but the ground below carries detail that is neither expansive nor interesting (at 4:41 in the video). Put the figure at the one-third line and crop more of the ground — the ethereal feeling of a lone person in an open world appears at once (at 5:01 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v08","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v09","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"这张草地照片里，中间的草地和云的光都非常漂亮，但两边实在不好看——适合裁成竖构图（视频 5:52 处）。思路依然是明暗减法：边缘加暗角、径向渐变提亮光线区域，再增加黑色与一点暖色、红色强化光感；整体压暗一点点、去除薄雾、适当增强去雾——原来很平的画面就有了视觉的突出（视频 6:44 处）。","xe":"In the meadow photo, the grassland in the middle and the lit clouds are lovely, but the mountains on both sides are not — a vertical crop suits it (at 5:52 in the video). The logic is again subtraction in light: a vignette on the edges, a radial gradient brightening the lit area, plus blacks and a touch of warm red to reinforce the glow; darken the whole slightly, cut the haze, and the formerly flat frame gains a clear focal pull (at 6:44 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v10","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"05 更多快评：海岸、薰衣草与竹林","xe":"05 Rapid Rounds: Coast, Lavender, Bamboo"},{"t":"p","x":"大中午的海边，前景很乱，人在天际线上的渺小感才是重点——天空不用取太多，多取大海，再把人物做成剪影效果更好（视频 7:15 处）。薰衣草田那张则是树、人、草混在一起太杂，裁到树居中、天空少取，画面立刻好看（视频 7:42 处）。","xe":"On a seaside shot at high noon, the foreground is a mess — the point is the smallness of a person on the horizon. Take less sky and more sea, then render the figure as a silhouette (at 7:15 in the video). In the lavender field, tree, person and grass tangle together; crop so the tree sits centered with less sky, and the frame immediately improves (at 7:42 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v11","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"img","f":"v12","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"最后一张，天上的云非常壮观，但取得太广了。如果是他来取，可能只取竹林加云这一块——竹林有趣、云壮观，也不会有这么多杂乱的东西（视频 10:52 处）。这也道破了本期投稿的共性：大家不是拍得不好，而是要的太多。我们肉眼觉得好看，是因为置身其中，有嗅觉、听觉、触觉的全方位沉浸；而照片必须靠减法，才能在纷繁的世界中展示出真正的简洁之美（视频 11:16 处）。","xe":"The last one: the clouds are spectacular, but the frame is far too wide. Were he shooting it, he would take just the bamboo grove with the clouds behind — an interesting grove, magnificent clouds, and none of the clutter (at 10:52 in the video). That exposes the common thread of this batch: the problem is not poor shooting but wanting too much. Our eyes find a scene beautiful because we stand inside it, immersed in smell, sound and touch; a photograph must rely on subtraction to reveal true simplicity within a bustling world (at 11:16 in the video)."},{"t":"img","f":"v13","w":852,"h":480},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 减法的第一步永远是裁图：去掉难看的前景、杂乱的边缘与无关的元素，把画面交给真正的主体；2. 留白不等于空无一物：地面与天空的细节要么有趣、要么干脆裁掉，人放在三分之一处更显空灵；3. 明暗也是减法：暗角压住四周、径向渐变提亮主体、剪影化人物，氛围感自然浮现；4. 肉眼的美靠全方位沉浸，照片的美靠减法——在纷繁世界中减出简洁，才是摄影的功课。","xe":"1. The first step of subtraction is always the crop: remove ugly foregrounds, messy edges and unrelated elements, and hand the frame to the true subject; 2. Negative space is not emptiness: ground and sky detail must either be interesting or be cropped, and a figure at the one-third line reads most ethereal; 3. Light is subtraction too — vignettes press down the edges, radial gradients lift the subject, silhouettes reduce the person, and atmosphere surfaces on its own; 4. The eye's beauty comes from total immersion; a photograph's beauty comes from subtraction — carving simplicity out of a bustling world is photography's real work."},{"t":"h","x":"全部教程列表：","xe":"Full tutorial list:"},{"t":"h","x":"全部摄影教程目录 (2024.4.16更新)","xe":"Complete Photography Tutorial Index (updated 2024.4.16)"},{"t":"h","x":"高清视频：","xe":"HD video:"},{"t":"p","x":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ni421a7RM/","b":false,"xe":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ni421a7RM/"},{"t":"p","x":"扫描上面二维码或点击文末“阅读原文”","b":false,"xe":"Scan the QR code above or click \"Read More\" at the end of the article"}],"titleEn":"Photography Really Requires Subtraction to Be Shot Well! Critique of Photos Submitted in the Comments Section~"}