{"slug":"texture-two-tricks","title":"照片没有质感？这两招帮你搞定！","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2017-10-25","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247486058&idx=1&sn=09a555f21435fa690e28d335d4f644a2&chksm=eb81f40edcf67d18be9c217ac3e443f0bdc1921badacdc82fc0c5818ff484ca0fc0d85c8ec8d&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"p","x":"很多朋友觉得自己的照片没有质感，但是又不知道质感究竟指的是什么，如何提升。","b":false,"xe":"Many friends feel their photos lack texture, yet don't know what texture actually refers to or how to improve it."},{"t":"p","x":"本篇教程，托马斯就会和大家探讨质感与纹理、细节、光感的关系，以及清晰度、对比度和锐化到底有什么区别。","b":false,"xe":"In this tutorial, Thomas explores the relationship between texture and surface grain, detail, and the sense of light — and explains the real differences between clarity, contrast, and sharpening."},{"t":"p","x":"质感代表的是物体的材质、表面和质量，所带来的真实感与触摸感。没有质感的物体，就像磨皮过度的皮肤一样，显得非常的虚假。而充满质感的物体，则会大大提升照片的真实感与表现力，让人仿佛有身临其境、亲身体验的感觉。","b":false,"xe":"Texture represents the realism and tactile sensation brought by an object's material, surface, and quality. Objects without texture look as fake as over-retouched skin. Objects full of texture, by contrast, greatly enhance a photo's realism and expressiveness, making viewers feel as if they were there, experiencing it firsthand."},{"t":"p","x":"而质感的核心，则在于物体表面的纹理、细节与光感。","b":false,"xe":"The core of texture lies in the grain, detail, and sense of light on an object's surface."},{"t":"p","x":"一些本身纹理丰富的物体，比如干枯的树木、开裂的冰面、沧桑的皮肤、磨砂的金属，就会显得比表面光滑的橡胶、塑料更有质感。","b":false,"xe":"Objects that are inherently rich in grain — withered trees, cracked ice, weathered skin, brushed metal — appear more textured than smooth-surfaced rubber or plastic."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":720,"h":481},{"t":"p","x":"我们常常用0.2到1秒的长曝光，让水流拉成丝状。这样的线状纹理，就是为了很好的提升水的质感。","b":false,"xe":"We often use long exposures of 0.2 to 1 second to stretch flowing water into silky strands. These linear patterns serve precisely to enhance the texture of water."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":720,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"质感跟光线也息息相关。恰当的侧面光线可以勾勒、突出物体的纹理和材质，让质感表现的更好。","b":false,"xe":"Texture is also closely related to light. Proper side lighting can outline and emphasize an object's grain and material, bringing out texture much better."},{"t":"img","f":"img-04","w":720,"h":481},{"t":"p","x":"所以后期提升照片质感的核心，就是要强化物体表面的纹理、细节和光感。","b":false,"xe":"So the core of enhancing texture in post-processing is to strengthen the grain, detail, and sense of light on an object's surface."},{"t":"h","x":"1","xe":"1"},{"t":"h","x":"光感","xe":"Sense of Light"},{"t":"p","x":"物体的光感，主要体现在它的高光部分，无论是物体表面反射形成的高光，还是半透明物体逆光形成的高光，都可以很好的体现出物体的纹理和材质。","b":false,"xe":"An object's sense of light is mainly embodied in its highlights. Whether the highlights come from reflections on the object's surface or from backlighting through a translucent object, they both express the object's grain and material very well."},{"t":"p","x":"下面这张冰壁照片的局部，冰上虽然有一些高光，但是这些高光并不强烈，和环境的反差也不大，无法体现出光线照耀的感觉，自然质感也显得不足。","b":false,"xe":"Below is a crop of an ice-wall photo. Although there are some highlights on the ice, they are not strong and lack contrast against the surroundings — unable to convey the feeling of light shining on it — so the texture naturally appears insufficient."},{"t":"img","f":"img-05","w":720,"h":688},{"t":"p","x":"下面后期处理后的照片，我使用了后面会系统讲解的亮度蒙版技术，结合加深减淡技术，选出了冰上高光进行强化。这些高光很好的勾勒出来冰壁的纹理，同时也让冰层显得晶莹剔透，质感提升了一个档次。","b":false,"xe":"In the post-processed version below, I used the luminosity mask technique (explained systematically later) combined with dodging and burning to select and strengthen the highlights on the ice. These highlights nicely outline the ice wall's grain and make the ice look crystal clear — the texture improved by a whole level."},{"t":"img","f":"img-06","w":720,"h":659},{"t":"h","x":"2","xe":"2"},{"t":"h","x":"对比度、清晰度和锐度","xe":"Contrast, Clarity, and Sharpness"},{"t":"p","x":"要强化物体的质感，我们还可以通过增加对比度，清晰度和锐度的方式，突出物体的细节和纹理。","b":false,"xe":"To strengthen an object's texture, we can also increase contrast, clarity, and sharpness to emphasize its details and grain."},{"t":"p","x":"增加锐度、清晰度、对比度，特别是局部的锐度、清晰度、对比度，可以让画面中的边缘、纹理显得反差强烈，从而在画面中更加突出。一张纹理、边缘清晰的照片，会显得更有质感。","b":false,"xe":"Increasing sharpness, clarity, and contrast — especially local sharpness, clarity, and contrast — makes edges and grain in the image show stronger contrast, standing out more in the frame. A photo with crisp texture and edges appears more textured."},{"t":"p","x":"为了更好的解释对比度、清晰度和锐度的区别，我会使用下面一张放大20倍的纹理边缘为例子。","b":false,"xe":"To better explain the differences between contrast, clarity, and sharpness, I will use the example below: a texture edge magnified 20 times."},{"t":"img","f":"img-07","w":720,"h":621},{"t":"p","x":"对比度是指的画面的明暗反差程度。增加对比度，画面中亮的地方会更亮，暗的地方会更暗，明暗反差增强。","b":false,"xe":"Contrast refers to the degree of tonal difference in an image. Increasing contrast makes bright areas brighter and dark areas darker, strengthening the overall tonal difference."},{"t":"p","x":"下图就是增加对比度的结果。增加对比度之后，原来的边缘由于两边反差扩大，看起来也会更明显一些。","b":false,"xe":"The image below shows the result of increasing contrast. Afterward, the original edge also looks more obvious because the difference between its two sides has widened."},{"t":"img","f":"img-08","w":720,"h":626},{"t":"p","x":"但是对比度是对全局作用的，对照片整体的明暗有较大影响。因此通过增加对比度来提升质感的方法，一旦使用过渡，副作用是很大的。","b":false,"xe":"But contrast acts globally and has a large impact on the photo's overall tonality. So the method of enhancing texture by increasing contrast has serious side effects once overused."},{"t":"p","x":"能不能有一种方法，让我们只增加边缘两侧的对比度，从而突出边缘，但是又不影响画面的其他地方呢？","b":false,"xe":"Is there a way to increase the contrast only on the two sides of an edge — making the edge stand out — without affecting the rest of the image?"},{"t":"p","x":"因此Photoshop以及众多软件中，还提供了清晰度的调整工具。当我们增加照片的清晰度，靠近边缘较暗的一侧会变得更暗，靠近边缘较亮的一侧会变得更亮，但这种亮度变化只局限在边缘周围几个像素。","b":false,"xe":"That is why Photoshop and many other programs also offer a clarity adjustment. When we increase a photo's clarity, the darker side near an edge becomes darker and the brighter side becomes brighter — but this change is confined to a few pixels around the edge."},{"t":"p","x":"因此增加清晰度，只会增加边缘附近的反差，对照片整体的对比度，影响较小。","b":false,"xe":"So increasing clarity only increases the contrast near edges, with relatively little effect on the photo's overall contrast."},{"t":"img","f":"img-09","w":720,"h":587},{"t":"p","x":"锐化的方式与对比度、清晰度有所差别。锐化主要是通过在边缘两侧，增加黑白相间的高对比线条的方式，让边缘看起来更加锐利。","b":false,"xe":"Sharpening works differently from contrast and clarity. Sharpening mainly adds alternating black-and-white, high-contrast lines along both sides of an edge, making the edge look sharper."},{"t":"img","f":"img-10","w":720,"h":583},{"t":"p","x":"增加对比度、清晰度以及锐度，都可以有效的提升物体的质感。比如下面这张照片，冰面上有很多气泡、裂纹，细节非常丰富，我们只要后期进一步强化这些细节，就能提升冰面的质感。","b":false,"xe":"Increasing contrast, clarity, and sharpness can all effectively enhance an object's texture. In the photo below, for example, the ice surface is full of bubbles and cracks — very rich in detail — and we only need to further strengthen these details in post to enhance the ice's texture."},{"t":"img","f":"img-11","w":720,"h":392},{"t":"p","x":"因为本片整体对比度已经很高，所以这里我只在ACR调整面板中增加了清晰度和锐度，关于ACR里的这些滑块，《轻松美化照片 - 理解Lightroom基本面板的色调与影调控制》会有更细致的讲解。","b":false,"xe":"Because this photo's overall contrast is already high, here I only increased clarity and sharpness in the ACR adjustment panel. For a more detailed explanation of these sliders in ACR, see \"Beautify Photos with Ease — Understanding the Tone and Tonal Controls in Lightroom's Basic Panel\" (《轻松美化照片 - 理解Lightroom基本面板的色调与影调控制》)."},{"t":"img","f":"img-12","w":720,"h":394},{"t":"p","x":"当然，局部调整是后期的核心。上面锐度清晰度的强化，不仅增加了冰面的质感，也强化了远处乱石堆的细节。因此需要用蒙版，把画面中的其他地方遮住。","b":false,"xe":"Of course, local adjustment is the core of post-processing. The sharpening and clarity boost above not only increased the ice's texture but also strengthened the detail of the distant rock pile — so a mask is needed to cover the other parts of the frame."},{"t":"img","f":"img-13","w":720,"h":323},{"t":"p","x":"通过简单的增加清晰度和锐度，我们就强化了这张照片中冰面的质感。","b":false,"xe":"By simply increasing clarity and sharpness, we strengthened the texture of the ice in this photo."},{"t":"img","f":"img-14","w":720,"h":476},{"t":"img","f":"img-15","w":720,"h":474},{"t":"p","x":"所以后期要提升照片的质感其实很简单。第一招是通过强化高光，让照片的光感更强。二是提高照片局部的清晰度、对比度和锐度，突出物体的细节和纹理。","b":false,"xe":"So enhancing a photo's texture in post is actually quite simple. Trick one: strengthen the highlights to give the photo a stronger sense of light. Trick two: increase local clarity, contrast, and sharpness to emphasize the object's details and grain."},{"t":"p","x":"如果您觉得本文有用，欢迎转发和分享哦，谢谢大家~~","b":false,"xe":"If you found this article useful, feel free to repost and share it. Thank you~~"},{"t":"p","x":"本文作者：Thomas看看世界","b":false,"xe":"Author: Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"img","f":"img-16","w":640,"h":328},{"t":"h","x":"其他托马斯的摄影美学教程：","xe":"Other photography aesthetics tutorials by Thomas:"},{"t":"p","x":"如何后期塑造照片的立体感？","b":false,"xe":"How to Sculpt a Sense of Three-Dimensionality in Post-Processing?"},{"t":"p","x":"让照片更层次立体 - 浅谈摄影中空间感的构建","b":false,"xe":"Making Photos More Layered and Dimensional — On Building a Sense of Space in Photography"},{"t":"p","x":"摄影构图的核心技巧 - 不是三分法，也不是做减法","b":false,"xe":"The Core Technique of Photographic Composition — It's Not the Rule of Thirds, Nor Subtraction"},{"t":"h","x":"极影AdventureX","xe":"Jiying AdventureX (极影AdventureX)"},{"t":"h","x":"极限挑战","xe":"Push the Limits"},{"t":"h","x":"极致影像","xe":"Ultimate Imagery"},{"t":"h","x":"极客分享","xe":"Geek Sharing"},{"t":"p","x":"http://www.theadventurex.com","b":false,"xe":"http://www.theadventurex.com"}],"titleEn":"Photos Lacking Texture? These Two Tricks Fix It"}