{"slug":"what-is-pre-production","title":"什么才是摄影前期？原来90%的摄影爱好者都理解错啦！","author":"Thomas看看世界","date":"2022-04-10","wechat":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI4NDA5MzE5NQ==&mid=2247495138&idx=4&sn=9c5ded104ef7d912be3847c37540e6b1&chksm=eb821386dcf59a905217c2ba8cb661ded5ca7d27ca2207ba997e97b8180460298c3ddf10e553&scene=21#wechat_redirect","blocks":[{"t":"h","x":"Thomas看看世界","xe":"Thomas Chu Photo"},{"t":"p","x":"经常在发图的时候，我们都会看到各种各样关于摄影前期的问题，比如照片是用什么相机拍的，曝光参数是多少等等。但这些其实只是摄影前期的一小部分。","b":false,"xe":"Whenever we post photos, we see all kinds of questions about the 'pre-production' side of photography — which camera was used, what the exposure settings were, and so on. But those are only a small part of pre-production."},{"t":"img","f":"img-02","w":960,"h":600},{"t":"p","x":"今天的教程忠，Thomas会和大家分享摄影前期的完整流程，其实在拍摄之前的准备、策划、探索等等，是比曝光对焦参数调整更重要的摄影前期准备。","b":false,"xe":"In today's tutorial, Thomas shares the complete pre-production workflow. The preparation, planning and scouting that happen before you press the shutter matter far more than dialing in exposure and focus."},{"t":"img","f":"img-03","w":960,"h":600},{"t":"h","x":"视频教程","xe":"Video Tutorial"},{"t":"bili","bv":"BV1CT4y117Hg","bpic":"bili-1","bt":"什么才是摄影前期？原来90%的摄影爱好者都理解错啦！"},{"t":"p","x":"这一篇是上面视频的完整图文整理。「什么相机拍的、什么参数、对焦在哪里」——这些评论区最常见的问题，其实只是摄影前期的一小部分。Thomas 在这期视频里回答三个问题：什么是真正的摄影前期流程、它为什么难、以及如何系统提升。全文配视频关键帧截图，先看图建立框架，再到视频里听细节。","xe":"This is the fully illustrated companion to the video above. \"Which camera and lens? What settings? Where did you focus?\" — the questions that fill every comment section are, in fact, only a small slice of pre-production. Thomas answers three questions: what the real pre-production workflow looks like, why it is hard, and how to improve it systematically. Keyframe screenshots accompany the text: build the framework here, then hear the details in the video.","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v01","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"01 拍摄之前：快门前的六步准备","xe":"01 Before the Shoot: Six Steps Before You Press the Shutter"},{"t":"p","x":"摄影前期可以分成拍摄之前和拍摄之中。拍摄之前的第一步，是长期的经验与审美积累——这是最容易被忽视的；第二步是选题：为什么拍《火车看中国》这组照片、为什么去这个地方旅行而不是另一个，选题、择时、选地都非常关键（视频 0:45-1:08 处）；第三步是资料搜集，看看别的摄影师拍类似主题、拍同一个地方时是怎么处理的，参考价值极大（视频 1:09 处）。","xe":"Pre-production splits into what happens before the shoot and during it. Step one before shooting is long-term experience and aesthetic accumulation — the most overlooked of all; step two is subject selection: why shoot a series like \"Trains of China,\" why travel to this place and not another — the topic, the timing and the location all matter enormously (at 0:45-1:08 in the video); step three is research, studying how other photographers approached similar subjects or the same place — an invaluable reference (at 1:09 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"p","x":"第四步是策划和计划：什么季节去、什么时候去、要不要避开满月等等（视频 1:30 处）；第五步是提前踩点——到了目的地，往往提前一两天甚至几个小时，先去找好合适的机位（视频 1:41 处）；第六步是环境布置，尤其拍人像时，服装、道具和现场环境都需要提前规划（视频 1:54 处）。这一切都发生在按下快门之前很久——提前一两天，甚至几个月几年（视频 2:14 处）。","xe":"Step four is planning: which season, which dates, whether to avoid the full moon (at 1:30 in the video); step five is scouting — arriving a day or two, or at least a few hours early, to line up the right camera positions (at 1:41 in the video); step six is staging the scene, which for portraits means planning wardrobe, props and the location in advance (at 1:54 in the video). All of this happens long before the shutter — days, months, even years ahead (at 2:14 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v02","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"Thomas 用自己的格陵兰项目做示范：拍摄之前先用卫星地图仔细筛选，找到一处 U 型的海湾；现场租了船直接开到小岛上，徒步几天进行踩点和探索；最后等到一个合适的日出时间，才按下快门（视频 5:12-5:35 处）。","xe":"Thomas demonstrates with his own Greenland project: before shooting he screened locations carefully on satellite maps and found a U-shaped bay; on site he chartered a boat straight to a small island and spent days scouting and exploring on foot; only when the right sunrise finally came did he press the shutter (at 5:12-5:35 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v03","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"02 拍摄之中：比参数更重要的六要素","xe":"02 On Location: Six Elements That Outweigh Settings"},{"t":"p","x":"到了拍摄现场，最重要的其实是构图；第二是光线——无论风光的自然光还是人像的人造光，光线的选择与排布都是大学问（视频 2:23-2:46 处）；第三是景深控制：哪里要实、哪里要虚，全都要实时，是用超焦距还是景深合成（视频 2:48-3:01 处）。","xe":"On location, composition comes first; second is light — natural light for landscapes, artificial light for portraits, and the choice and arrangement of light is a discipline of its own (at 2:23-2:46 in the video); third is depth-of-field control: what stays sharp, what blurs, and if everything must be sharp, whether to use hyperfocal distance or focus stacking (at 2:48-3:01 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"p","x":"而大家最爱问的曝光，在前期里其实只占很小一部分——Thomas 的拍摄大部分用 A 档让相机决定曝光，再通过曝光补偿微调（视频 3:04-3:20 处）。对焦对夜景、人像、野生动物等题材非常重要，需要专门摸索（视频 3:21 处）。最后还有等待与沟通：拍风光、人文、街景，要等到合适的时机、光线和瞬间，时间合成更是如此；照片里有人，就涉及与模特、拍摄对象或场地管理人员的沟通（视频 3:32-4:03 处）。","xe":"Exposure — everyone's favorite question — takes up only a tiny share of pre-production: Thomas shoots mostly in Aperture priority, letting the camera decide and then fine-tuning with exposure compensation (at 3:04-3:20 in the video). Focusing matters hugely for night scenes, portraits and wildlife, and deserves dedicated practice (at 3:21 in the video). Finally come waiting and communication: for landscapes, documentary and street work you wait for the right moment, light and instant — all the more so for time blends; and any photo involving people means communicating with models, subjects or site managers (at 3:32-4:03 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v04","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"03 为什么摄影前期这么难","xe":"03 Why Pre-Production Is So Hard"},{"t":"p","x":"Thomas 曾分享花四个小时修一张图，有评论说他本末倒置。其实恰恰相反：四个小时的后期只是「小菜一碟」——如果认真做选题、资料收集、计划策划、探索踩点，一张照片的前期投入几小时是常态，一两天也很常见（视频 4:25-4:58 处）。像格陵兰这样的项目，第一次去就待了两个月，而且先后去了四次；再加上以年计的审美与经验积累，前期流程长达数月甚至数年（视频 5:00-5:50 处）。","xe":"Thomas once shared a photo that took four hours to retouch, and a commenter accused him of putting the cart before the horse. It's exactly the opposite: four hours of post is a piece of cake — take subject selection, research, planning and scouting seriously, and a few hours of pre-production per photo is normal, with one or two days being common (at 4:25-4:58 in the video). A project like Greenland meant two months on the first visit, four visits in total; add years of aesthetic and experience accumulation, and the pre-production timeline stretches to months or years (at 5:00-5:50 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v05","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"更重要的是，摄影前期没有速成课。以构图来说：除了营销号常讲的三分法等各种套路，稍微变化一点的情况就需要具体问题具体分析——这些能力没有速成课，只能靠长期看图和长期实践积累（视频 5:52-6:17 处）。","xe":"More importantly, there is no crash course for pre-production. Take composition: beyond the rules of thirds and other formulas that content farms recycle, any slightly unusual situation demands case-by-case judgment — such instincts cannot be rushed, only built through years of looking at images and practicing (at 5:52-6:17 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v06","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"h","x":"04 如何提升你的摄影前期功力","xe":"04 How to Get Better at Pre-Production"},{"t":"p","x":"提升的方法论可以归纳为三个词。长期学习：多关注优秀的摄影比赛、摄影展览和摄影网站，积累自己的审美；选题：多看别人的照片和项目、浏览摄影网站，你才能知道什么地方拍照好看；练习：把前期流程带进每一次拍摄——比如下次去公园拍一个景象，也做一次资料搜集，看看当地其他摄影师怎么拍；做个计划，查一查未来一段时间的天气；如果打算早上拍，能不能提前一天下午先去踩点，在现场比划一下第二天的光线和构图（视频 6:20-7:48 处）。","xe":"The methodology boils down to three words. Learning: follow strong photography competitions, exhibitions and websites to build your aesthetic; Selection: study other photographers' photos and projects and browse photography sites, so you learn where good pictures happen; Practice: bring the workflow into every shoot — say you're photographing a scene in a park next weekend: do the research on how local photographers shot it, make a plan and check the weather ahead, and if you're shooting at dawn, scout the afternoon before, rehearsing the next morning's light and composition on site (at 6:20-7:48 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v07","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"p","x":"拍摄之前的准备，是绝大多数摄影爱好者完全忽略的流程，而它恰恰对拍到好照片至关重要。摄影前期才是摄影师真正的核心竞争力：后期的各种技术和 PS 工具，你可能一个小时就轻松学会；但到了一个场景怎么找机位、怎么构图，这些经验没有捷径，只能慢慢练习（视频 7:53-8:26 处）。","xe":"Pre-shoot preparation is the step almost every enthusiast skips, and it is precisely what makes good photos possible. Pre-production is a photographer's real competitive edge: post-processing techniques and PS tools can be picked up in an hour, but finding camera positions and compositions in the field — that experience has no shortcut, only steady practice (at 7:53-8:26 in the video).","b":false},{"t":"img","f":"v08","w":768,"h":480},{"t":"quote","x":"1. 摄影前期＝拍摄之前的六步（审美积累、选题、资料搜集、策划计划、探索踩点、环境布置）＋拍摄之中的六要素（构图、光线、景深、曝光、对焦、等待与沟通）；2. 别再只问参数——曝光对焦只是前期很小的一部分，A 档加曝光补偿就能解决大部分问题；3. 前期难在没有速成课：它以小时、天数甚至年为单位计价，靠长期看图与实践积累；4. 把每次拍摄都当成完整演练：查资料、做计划、提前踩点、现场比划，前期才是摄影师的核心竞争力。","xe":"1. Pre-production = six pre-shoot steps (aesthetic buildup, subject selection, research, planning, scouting, staging) plus six on-location elements (composition, light, depth of field, exposure, focus, waiting and communication); 2. Stop asking only about settings — exposure and focus are a tiny slice, and Aperture priority plus exposure compensation covers most situations; 3. What makes it hard is that no crash course exists: it is billed in hours, days and years, built from long looking and long practice; 4. Treat every shoot as a full rehearsal — research, plan, scout ahead, rehearse on site: pre-production is the photographer's core competitive edge.","b":false}],"titleEn":"What Is Photographic Pre-Production? 90% of Enthusiasts Get It Wrong"}